数据分析——从入门到精通(二十)

最新推荐文章于 2024-10-03 09:00:56 发布

今晚务必早点睡

最新推荐文章于 2024-10-03 09:00:56 发布

阅读量529

点赞数

分类专栏：数据分析 Pandas 文章标签： python 数据分析大数据

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_57021623/article/details/124185890

版权

数据分析同时被 2 个专栏收录

30 篇文章 4 订阅

订阅专栏

Pandas

27 篇文章 2 订阅

订阅专栏

城市气候与海洋的关系研究

import numpy as np
import pandas as pd 
from pandas import Series,DataFrame

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
%matplotlib inline

plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimSun']
plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False

导入数据各个海滨城市数据

os.listdir(‘data3’)
filter() 过滤出所有的.csv文件，返回一个可迭代的Filter对象
df.append()以行的方式追加，返回一个新的DataFrame

import os

for csv_file in filter(lambda filename: filename.endswith('.csv'),
                      os.listdir('data3')):
    print(csv_file)

asti_150715.csv
asti_250715.csv
asti_270615.csv
bologna_150715.csv
bologna_250715.csv
bologna_270615.csv
cesena_150715.csv
cesena_250715.csv
cesena_270615.csv
faenza_150715.csv
faenza_250715.csv
faenza_270615.csv
ferrara_150715.csv
ferrara_250715.csv
ferrara_270615.csv
mantova_150715.csv
mantova_250715.csv
mantova_270615.csv
milano_150715.csv
milano_250715.csv
milano_270615.csv
piacenza_150715.csv
piacenza_250715.csv
piacenza_270615.csv
ravenna_150715.csv
ravenna_250715.csv
ravenna_270615.csv
torino_150715.csv
torino_250715.csv
torino_270615.csv

在这里插入图片描述

for csv_file in filter(lambda filename: filename.endswith('.csv'),
                      os.listdir('data3')):
    df= pd.read_csv(f'data3/{csv_file}')
    display(df.head())

	Unnamed: 0	temp	humidity	pressure	description	dt	wind_speed	wind_deg	city	day	dist
0	0	28.05	66	1014	Sky is Clear	1436863176	2.57	42.501	Asti	2015-07-14 10:39:36	315
1	1	29.51	64	1014	Sky is Clear	1436866759	1.54	263.000	Asti	2015-07-14 11:39:19	315
2	2	30.39	58	1017	Sky is Clear	1436870510	2.60	100.000	Asti	2015-07-14 12:41:50	315
3	3	31.10	54	1017	Sky is Clear	1436874098	2.10	90.000	Asti	2015-07-14 13:41:38	315
4	4	33.23	45	1016	few clouds	1436877645	2.10	120.000	Asti	2015-07-14 14:40:45	315

	Unnamed: 0	temp	humidity	pressure	description	dt	wind_speed	wind_deg	city	day	dist
0	0	28.79	54	1012	Sky is Clear	1437730850	3.10	70	Asti	2015-07-24 11:40:50	315
1	1	30.02	58	1012	Sky is Clear	1437734493	3.10	70	Asti	2015-07-24 12:41:33	315
2	2	30.79	49	1007	light rain	1437738045	2.06	24	Asti	2015-07-24 13:40:45	315
3	3	32.02	51	1011	few clouds	1437741579	4.10	10	Asti	2015-07-24 14:39:39	315
4	4	30.93	51	1011	few clouds	1437745188	2.60	120	Asti	2015-07-24 15:39:48	315

	Unnamed: 0	temp	humidity	pressure	description	dt	wind_speed	wind_deg	city	day	dist
0	0	22.68	60	1018	Sky is Clear	1435390925	2.10	80.000	Asti	2015-06-27 09:42:05	315
1	1	24.05	60	1018	Sky is Clear	1435394243	2.60	50.000	Asti	2015-06-27 10:37:23	315
2	2	26.56	57	1018	Sky is Clear	1435399017	2.10	100.000	Asti	2015-06-27 11:56:57	315
3	3	27.20	57	1017	Sky is Clear	1435402420	2.10	70.000	Asti	2015-06-27 12:53:40	315
4	4	28.56	29	1017	Sky is Clear	1435406056	2.06	154.505	Asti	2015-06-27 13:54:16	315

	Unnamed: 0	temp	humidity	pressure	description	dt	wind_speed	wind_deg	city	day	dist
0	0	29.98	57	1021.0	Sky is Clear	1436863101	0.51	90.0	Bologna	2015-07-14 10:38:21	71
1	1	30.26	51	1021.0	moderate rain	1436866691	1.03	157.0	Bologna	2015-07-14 11:38:11	71
2	2	32.36	46	1021.0	sky is clear	1436870392	2.06	67.0	Bologna	2015-07-14 12:39:52	71
3	3	31.16	47	1021.0	moderate rain	1436874000	2.06	90.0	Bologna	2015-07-14 13:40:00	71
4	4	33.48	44	1021.0	sky is clear	1436877549	2.06	135.0	Bologna	2015-07-14 14:39:09	71

	Unnamed: 0	temp	humidity	pressure	description	dt	wind_speed	wind_deg	city	day	dist
0	0	30.61	62	1017	Sky is Clear	1437730764	2.06	315	Bologna	2015-07-24 11:39:24	71
1	1	32.47	58	1009	light rain	1437734406	1.03	69	Bologna	2015-07-24 12:40:06	71
2	2	33.64	54	1008	light rain	1437737961	2.06	28	Bologna	2015-07-24 13:39:21	71
3	3	33.82	51	1008	moderate rain	1437741489	2.06	74	Bologna	2015-07-24 14:38:09	71
4	4	31.87	52	1008	light rain	1437745126	5.14	201	Bologna	2015-07-24 15:38:46	71

	Unnamed: 0	temp	humidity	pressure	description	dt	wind_speed	wind_deg	city	day	dist
0	0	25.26	49	1023	Sky is Clear	1435390801	1.54	225.0	Bologna	2015-06-27 09:40:01	71
1	1	26.52	57	1016	Sky is Clear	1435394204	0.51	256.0	Bologna	2015-06-27 10:36:44	71
2	2	28.49	53	1016	Sky is Clear	1435398653	0.51	325.0	Bologna	2015-06-27 11:50:53	71
3	3	30.00	42	1022	light rain	1435402084	1.54	22.0	Bologna	2015-06-27 12:48:04	71
4	4	29.86	44	1015	light rain	1435405722	2.06	28.0	Bologna	2015-06-27 13:48:42	71

	Unnamed: 0	temp	humidity	pressure	description	dt	wind_speed	wind_deg	city	day	dist
0	0	29.15	83	1015	moderate rain	1436863101	3.62	94.001	Cesena	2015-07-14 10:38:21	14
1	1	29.37	74	1015	moderate rain	1436866691	3.60	20.000	Cesena	2015-07-14 11:38:11	14
2	2	29.51	78	1015	moderate rain	1436870392	3.60	70.000	Cesena	2015-07-14 12:39:52	14
3	3	29.88	70	1016	moderate rain	1436874000	4.60	60.000	Cesena	2015-07-14 13:40:00	14
4	4	30.12	70	1016	moderate rain	1436877549	4.10	70.000	Cesena	2015-07-14 14:39:09	14

	Unnamed: 0	temp	humidity	pressure	description	dt	wind_speed	wind_deg	city	day	dist
0	0	32.35	62	1010	moderate rain	1437730764	1.0	60.0	Cesena	2015-07-24 11:39:24	14
1	1	32.40	75	1009	moderate rain	1437734406	3.6	40.0	Cesena	2015-07-24 12:40:06	14
2	2	32.24	75	1009	moderate rain	1437737961	3.6	70.0	Cesena	2015-07-24 13:39:21	14
3	3	32.26	79	1009	moderate rain	1437741489	5.1	70.0	Cesena	2015-07-24 14:38:09	14
4	4	32.81	70	1008	moderate rain	1437745125	3.6	60.0	Cesena	2015-07-24 15:38:45	14

	Unnamed: 0	temp	humidity	pressure	description	dt	wind_speed	wind_deg	city	day	dist
0	0	23.34	82	1017	very heavy rain	1435387623	1.91	175.511	Cesena	2015-06-27 08:47:03	14
1	1	24.95	69	1018	very heavy rain	1435390801	2.01	159.500	Cesena	2015-06-27 09:40:01	14
2	2	25.67	73	1017	very heavy rain	1435394204	2.10	100.000	Cesena	2015-06-27 10:36:44	14
3	3	26.17	69	1017	very heavy rain	1435398652	3.10	120.000	Cesena	2015-06-27 11:50:52	14
4	4	27.07	61	1016	very heavy rain	1435402083	3.10	110.000	Cesena	2015-06-27 12:48:03	14

	Unnamed: 0	temp	humidity	pressure	description	dt	wind_speed	wind_deg	city	day	dist
0	0	29.40	83	1015	moderate rain	1436863177	3.62	94.001	Faenza	2015-07-14 10:39:37	37
1	1	30.12	78	1015	moderate rain	1436866759	3.10	80.000	Faenza	2015-07-14 11:39:19	37
2	2	30.10	78	1015	moderate rain	1436870510	3.60	70.000	Faenza	2015-07-14 12:41:50	37
3	3	30.75	74	1015	moderate rain	1436874099	4.60	90.000	Faenza	2015-07-14 13:41:39	37
4	4	30.71	66	1015	moderate rain	1436877646	5.10	100.000	Faenza	2015-07-14 14:40:46	37

	Unnamed: 0	temp	humidity	pressure	description	dt	wind_speed	wind_deg	city	day	dist
0	0	32.08	79	1010	moderate rain	1437730850	1.5	310.0	Faenza	2015-07-24 11:40:50	37
1	1	32.40	75	1009	moderate rain	1437734493	3.6	40.0	Faenza	2015-07-24 12:41:33	37
2	2	32.74	75	1009	moderate rain	1437738046	3.6	70.0	Faenza	2015-07-24 13:40:46	37
3	3	32.70	79	1009	moderate rain	1437741579	5.1	70.0	Faenza	2015-07-24 14:39:39	37
4	4	32.33	70	1008	moderate rain	1437745188	3.6	60.0	Faenza	2015-07-24 15:39:48	37

	Unnamed: 0	temp	humidity	pressure	description	dt	wind_speed	wind_deg	city	day	dist
0	0	25.44	69	1018	very heavy rain	1435390925	1.29	14.5002	Faenza	2015-06-27 09:42:05	37
1	1	26.38	73	1017	very heavy rain	1435394243	2.10	100.0000	Faenza	2015-06-27 10:37:23	37
2	2	27.70	69	1017	very heavy rain	1435399019	3.10	120.0000	Faenza	2015-06-27 11:56:59	37
3	3	29.04	61	1016	very heavy rain	1435402422	3.10	110.0000	Faenza	2015-06-27 12:53:42	37
4	4	29.11	69	1016	very heavy rain	1435406058	3.60	110.0000	Faenza	2015-06-27 13:54:18	37

	Unnamed: 0	temp	humidity	pressure	description	dt	wind_speed	wind_deg	city	day	dist
0	0	30.44	60	1011.0	moderate rain	1436863096	1.03	180.0	Ferrara	2015-07-14 10:38:16	47
1	1	31.40	58	1011.0	moderate rain	1436866685	1.54	135.0	Ferrara	2015-07-14 11:38:05	47
2	2	31.95	54	1011.0	moderate rain	1436870387	0.51	113.0	Ferrara	2015-07-14 12:39:47	47
3	3	32.06	50	1011.0	moderate rain	1436873989	2.06	90.0	Ferrara	2015-07-14 13:39:49	47
4	4	32.63	49	1010.0	moderate rain	1436877535	1.54	68.0	Ferrara	2015-07-14 14:38:55	47

	Unnamed: 0	temp	humidity	pressure	description	dt	wind_speed	wind_deg	city	day	dist
0	0	31.33	49	1006	moderate rain	1437730757	1.03	23.000	Ferrara	2015-07-24 11:39:17	47
1	1	32.91	45	1006	moderate rain	1437734399	1.54	45.000	Ferrara	2015-07-24 12:39:59	47
2	2	33.43	42	1005	moderate rain	1437737956	2.12	123.003	Ferrara	2015-07-24 13:39:16	47
3	3	33.43	42	1004	moderate rain	1437741482	2.12	123.003	Ferrara	2015-07-24 14:38:02	47
4	4	32.66	42	1004	moderate rain	1437745121	0.51	23.000	Ferrara	2015-07-24 15:38:41	47

	Unnamed: 0	temp	humidity	pressure	description	dt	wind_speed	wind_deg	city	day	dist
0	0	23.13	74	1013	very heavy rain	1435387607	1.54	135.0000	Ferrara	2015-06-27 08:46:47	47
1	1	25.02	66	1013	very heavy rain	1435390790	0.51	45.0000	Ferrara	2015-06-27 09:39:50	47
2	2	26.79	58	1013	very heavy rain	1435394201	5.14	158.0000	Ferrara	2015-06-27 10:36:41	47
3	3	28.43	48	1012	very heavy rain	1435398622	1.29	14.5002	Ferrara	2015-06-27 11:50:22	47
4	4	29.44	43	1012	very heavy rain	1435402050	1.54	203.0000	Ferrara	2015-06-27 12:47:30	47

	Unnamed: 0	temp	humidity	pressure	description	dt	wind_speed	wind_deg	city	day	dist
0	0	28.66	51	1016	Sky is Clear	1436863113	2.1	140	Mantova	2015-07-14 10:38:33	121
1	1	30.10	45	1016	Sky is Clear	1436866700	2.1	0	Mantova	2015-07-14 11:38:20	121
2	2	30.14	42	1016	Sky is Clear	1436870406	2.1	170	Mantova	2015-07-14 12:40:06	121
3	3	30.74	45	1016	Sky is Clear	1436874012	1.5	0	Mantova	2015-07-14 13:40:12	121
4	4	31.22	38	1015	Sky is Clear	1436877561	1.5	180	Mantova	2015-07-14 14:39:21	121

	Unnamed: 0	temp	humidity	pressure	description	dt	wind_speed	wind_deg	city	day	dist
0	0	29.86	45	1011	few clouds	1437730773	1.0	0	Mantova	2015-07-24 11:39:33	121
1	1	31.14	48	1011	few clouds	1437734419	2.6	130	Mantova	2015-07-24 12:40:19	121
2	2	32.21	46	1010	few clouds	1437737969	2.6	130	Mantova	2015-07-24 13:39:29	121
3	3	33.62	41	1009	few clouds	1437741501	2.6	120	Mantova	2015-07-24 14:38:21	121
4	4	34.18	38	1009	few clouds	1437745133	3.6	130	Mantova	2015-07-24 15:38:53	121

	Unnamed: 0	temp	humidity	pressure	description	dt	wind_speed	wind_deg	city	day	dist
0	0	23.40	60	1018	Sky is Clear	1435387660	1.5	70	Mantova	2015-06-27 08:47:40	121
1	1	25.60	54	1018	Sky is Clear	1435390815	1.5	110	Mantova	2015-06-27 09:40:15	121
2	2	27.23	39	1018	Sky is Clear	1435394208	1.5	170	Mantova	2015-06-27 10:36:48	121
3	3	28.11	32	1018	Sky is Clear	1435398705	1.5	210	Mantova	2015-06-27 11:51:45	121
4	4	28.88	35	1018	Sky is Clear	1435402130	1.5	180	Mantova	2015-06-27 12:48:50	121

	Unnamed: 0	temp	humidity	pressure	description	dt	wind_speed	wind_deg	city	day	dist
0	0	28.57	54	1016	Sky is Clear	1436863175	2.1	100	Milano	2015-07-14 10:39:35	250
1	1	29.74	48	1016	Sky is Clear	1436866758	2.6	0	Milano	2015-07-14 11:39:18	250
2	2	31.12	48	1016	Sky is Clear	1436870509	2.6	140	Milano	2015-07-14 12:41:49	250
3	3	32.16	45	1015	Sky is Clear	1436874098	2.1	0	Milano	2015-07-14 13:41:38	250
4	4	33.59	43	1015	Sky is Clear	1436877644	3.1	80	Milano	2015-07-14 14:40:44	250

	Unnamed: 0	temp	humidity	pressure	description	dt	wind_speed	wind_deg	city	day	dist
0	0	29.50	48	1011	few clouds	1437730849	3.6	90	Milano	2015-07-24 11:40:49	250
1	1	30.81	45	1011	few clouds	1437734492	2.6	70	Milano	2015-07-24 12:41:32	250
2	2	31.91	45	1010	proximity shower rain	1437738045	3.1	80	Milano	2015-07-24 13:40:45	250
3	3	32.72	40	1009	proximity shower rain	1437741578	3.6	130	Milano	2015-07-24 14:39:38	250
4	4	33.44	38	1009	Sky is Clear	1437745188	3.6	130	Milano	2015-07-24 15:39:48	250

	Unnamed: 0	temp	humidity	pressure	description	dt	wind_speed	wind_deg	city	day	dist
0	0	24.69	60	1017	Sky is Clear	1435390925	2.6	140	Milano	2015-06-27 09:42:05	250
1	1	25.34	57	1017	Sky is Clear	1435394243	2.1	160	Milano	2015-06-27 10:37:23	250
2	2	27.70	51	1017	Sky is Clear	1435399015	1.5	210	Milano	2015-06-27 11:56:55	250
3	3	28.36	42	1017	Sky is Clear	1435402416	2.1	220	Milano	2015-06-27 12:53:36	250
4	4	29.45	42	1016	few clouds	1435406054	2.6	210	Milano	2015-06-27 13:54:14	250

	Unnamed: 0	temp	humidity	pressure	description	dt	wind_speed	wind_deg	city	day	dist
0	0	27.99	54	1016	Sky is Clear	1436863096	2.10	100.0	Piacenza	2015-07-14 10:38:16	200
1	1	29.13	48	1016	Sky is Clear	1436866685	2.60	0.0	Piacenza	2015-07-14 11:38:05	200
2	2	30.21	48	1016	Sky is Clear	1436870387	2.60	140.0	Piacenza	2015-07-14 12:39:47	200
3	3	31.40	45	1015	Sky is Clear	1436873990	2.10	0.0	Piacenza	2015-07-14 13:39:50	200
4	4	31.88	48	1010	Sky is Clear	1436877535	0.51	23.0	Piacenza	2015-07-14 14:38:55	200

	Unnamed: 0	temp	humidity	pressure	description	dt	wind_speed	wind_deg	city	day	dist
0	0	29.82	48	1011	few clouds	1437730757	3.60	90.0	Piacenza	2015-07-24 11:39:17	200
1	1	31.22	52	1006	Sky is Clear	1437734399	3.08	55.0	Piacenza	2015-07-24 12:39:59	200
2	2	32.56	45	1010	Sky is Clear	1437737956	3.10	80.0	Piacenza	2015-07-24 13:39:16	200
3	3	33.03	40	1009	few clouds	1437741482	3.60	130.0	Piacenza	2015-07-24 14:38:02	200
4	4	33.73	38	1009	Sky is Clear	1437745121	3.60	130.0	Piacenza	2015-07-24 15:38:41	200

	Unnamed: 0	temp	humidity	pressure	description	dt	wind_speed	wind_deg	city	day	dist
0	0	22.57	67	1013	Sky is Clear	1435387607	1.03	279.0	Piacenza	2015-06-27 08:46:47	200
1	1	24.61	60	1017	Sky is Clear	1435390790	2.60	140.0	Piacenza	2015-06-27 09:39:50	200
2	2	25.48	57	1017	Sky is Clear	1435394201	2.10	160.0	Piacenza	2015-06-27 10:36:41	200
3	3	26.52	53	1012	Sky is Clear	1435398622	1.54	0.0	Piacenza	2015-06-27 11:50:22	200
4	4	28.00	49	1012	sky is clear	1435402050	1.03	230.0	Piacenza	2015-06-27 12:47:30	200

	Unnamed: 0	temp	humidity	pressure	description	dt	wind_speed	wind_deg	city	day	dist
0	0	29.10	74	1015	moderate rain	1436863177	3.10	10.0	Ravenna	2015-07-14 10:39:37	8
1	1	29.51	74	1015	moderate rain	1436866759	3.60	20.0	Ravenna	2015-07-14 11:39:19	8
2	2	29.63	70	1016	moderate rain	1436870511	3.60	40.0	Ravenna	2015-07-14 12:41:51	8
3	3	30.17	37	1015	moderate rain	1436874106	4.63	90.0	Ravenna	2015-07-14 13:41:46	8
4	4	30.45	34	1015	moderate rain	1436877646	3.08	87.0	Ravenna	2015-07-14 14:40:46	8

	Unnamed: 0	temp	humidity	pressure	description	dt	wind_speed	wind_deg	city	day	dist
0	0	32.18	54	1010	moderate rain	1437730851	2.11	330.003	Ravenna	2015-07-24 11:40:51	8
1	1	32.37	62	1010	moderate rain	1437734494	2.60	20.000	Ravenna	2015-07-24 12:41:34	8
2	2	32.79	75	1009	moderate rain	1437738046	3.60	70.000	Ravenna	2015-07-24 13:40:46	8
3	3	32.75	79	1009	moderate rain	1437741580	5.10	70.000	Ravenna	2015-07-24 14:39:40	8
4	4	32.72	70	1008	moderate rain	1437745188	3.10	10.000	Ravenna	2015-07-24 15:39:48	8

	Unnamed: 0	temp	humidity	pressure	description	dt	wind_speed	wind_deg	city	day	dist
0	0	24.86	61	1017	very heavy rain	1435390925	2.01	159.5	Ravenna	2015-06-27 09:42:05	8
1	1	25.71	73	1017	very heavy rain	1435394244	2.10	100.0	Ravenna	2015-06-27 10:37:24	8
2	2	26.41	61	1017	very heavy rain	1435399021	4.60	80.0	Ravenna	2015-06-27 11:57:01	8
3	3	28.29	54	1016	very heavy rain	1435402423	4.60	90.0	Ravenna	2015-06-27 12:53:43	8
4	4	28.47	54	1016	very heavy rain	1435406060	6.20	80.0	Ravenna	2015-06-27 13:54:20	8

	Unnamed: 0	temp	humidity	pressure	description	dt	wind_speed	wind_deg	city	day	dist
0	0	28.34	65	1017	Sky is Clear	1436863109	3.1	20	Torino	2015-07-14 10:38:29	357
1	1	29.25	65	1017	Sky is Clear	1436866696	3.1	80	Torino	2015-07-14 11:38:16	357
2	2	30.40	58	1017	Sky is Clear	1436870399	2.6	100	Torino	2015-07-14 12:39:59	357
3	3	31.37	54	1017	Sky is Clear	1436874005	2.1	90	Torino	2015-07-14 13:40:05	357
4	4	32.59	45	1016	few clouds	1436877558	2.1	120	Torino	2015-07-14 14:39:18	357

	Unnamed: 0	temp	humidity	pressure	description	dt	wind_speed	wind_deg	city	day	dist
0	0	30.29	54	1012	Sky is Clear	1437730770	3.1	70	Torino	2015-07-24 11:39:30	357
1	1	30.68	58	1012	Sky is Clear	1437734413	3.1	70	Torino	2015-07-24 12:40:13	357
2	2	30.96	58	1012	few clouds	1437737966	3.6	70	Torino	2015-07-24 13:39:26	357
3	3	30.91	51	1011	few clouds	1437741497	4.1	10	Torino	2015-07-24 14:38:17	357
4	4	32.20	51	1011	few clouds	1437745130	2.6	120	Torino	2015-07-24 15:38:50	357

	Unnamed: 0	temp	humidity	pressure	description	dt	wind_speed	wind_deg	city	day	dist
0	0	23.80	64	1019	Sky is Clear	1435387651	1.0	0	Torino	2015-06-27 08:47:31	357
1	1	24.68	60	1018	Sky is Clear	1435390804	2.1	80	Torino	2015-06-27 09:40:04	357
2	2	25.12	60	1018	Sky is Clear	1435394206	2.6	50	Torino	2015-06-27 10:36:46	357
3	3	25.54	60	1018	Sky is Clear	1435398681	2.6	50	Torino	2015-06-27 11:51:21	357
4	4	27.42	57	1017	Sky is Clear	1435402112	2.1	70	Torino	2015-06-27 12:48:32	357

full_df =None
for csv_file in filter(lambda filename: filename.endswith('.csv'),
                      os.listdir('data3')):
    df= pd.read_csv(f'data3/{csv_file}')
    if full_df is None:
        full_df = df
    else:
        full_df = full_df.append(df)
full_df.head()

	Unnamed: 0	temp	humidity	pressure	description	dt	wind_speed	wind_deg	city	day	dist
0	0	28.05	66	1014.0	Sky is Clear	1436863176	2.57	42.501	Asti	2015-07-14 10:39:36	315
1	1	29.51	64	1014.0	Sky is Clear	1436866759	1.54	263.000	Asti	2015-07-14 11:39:19	315
2	2	30.39	58	1017.0	Sky is Clear	1436870510	2.60	100.000	Asti	2015-07-14 12:41:50	315
3	3	31.10	54	1017.0	Sky is Clear	1436874098	2.10	90.000	Asti	2015-07-14 13:41:38	315
4	4	33.23	45	1016.0	few clouds	1436877645	2.10	120.000	Asti	2015-07-14 14:40:45	315

full_df.shape

(675, 11)

pd.read_csv('data3/asti_150715.csv')

	Unnamed: 0	temp	humidity	pressure	description	dt	wind_speed	wind_deg	city	day	dist
0	0	28.05	66	1014	Sky is Clear	1436863176	2.57	42.501	Asti	2015-07-14 10:39:36	315
1	1	29.51	64	1014	Sky is Clear	1436866759	1.54	263.000	Asti	2015-07-14 11:39:19	315
2	2	30.39	58	1017	Sky is Clear	1436870510	2.60	100.000	Asti	2015-07-14 12:41:50	315
3	3	31.10	54	1017	Sky is Clear	1436874098	2.10	90.000	Asti	2015-07-14 13:41:38	315
4	4	33.23	45	1016	few clouds	1436877645	2.10	120.000	Asti	2015-07-14 14:40:45	315
5	5	32.95	46	1016	few clouds	1436881329	2.10	110.000	Asti	2015-07-14 15:42:09	315
6	6	34.31	46	1015	few clouds	1436884929	2.10	100.000	Asti	2015-07-14 16:42:09	315
7	7	32.47	49	1015	few clouds	1436888513	2.10	100.000	Asti	2015-07-14 17:41:53	315
8	8	34.28	46	1015	few clouds	1436892132	1.50	100.000	Asti	2015-07-14 18:42:12	315
9	9	31.41	46	1014	Sky is Clear	1436895723	2.10	240.000	Asti	2015-07-14 19:42:03	315
10	10	29.72	58	1014	Sky is Clear	1436899336	2.10	70.000	Asti	2015-07-14 20:42:16	315
11	11	27.68	62	1015	Sky is Clear	1436902943	1.50	40.000	Asti	2015-07-14 21:42:23	315
12	12	26.44	69	1015	Sky is Clear	1436906532	1.50	30.000	Asti	2015-07-14 22:42:12	315
13	13	26.17	69	1016	Sky is Clear	1436910149	1.50	330.000	Asti	2015-07-14 23:42:29	315
14	14	25.21	78	1014	Sky is Clear	1436913739	0.51	0.000	Asti	2015-07-15 00:42:19	315
15	15	24.45	73	1016	Sky is Clear	1436917311	2.60	350.000	Asti	2015-07-15 01:41:51	315
16	16	24.32	73	1016	Sky is Clear	1436920931	2.60	340.000	Asti	2015-07-15 02:42:11	315
17	17	24.24	73	1016	Sky is Clear	1436924426	2.10	360.000	Asti	2015-07-15 03:40:26	315
18	18	24.00	73	1016	Sky is Clear	1436928078	1.50	310.000	Asti	2015-07-15 04:41:18	315
19	19	23.00	83	1017	broken clouds	1436931718	0.50	0.000	Asti	2015-07-15 05:41:58	315
20	20	23.00	78	1017	scattered clouds	1436935298	3.10	350.000	Asti	2015-07-15 06:41:38	315
21	21	25.00	73	1017	few clouds	1436938882	1.50	330.000	Asti	2015-07-15 07:41:22	315
22	22	27.00	65	1017	few clouds	1436942516	0.50	0.000	Asti	2015-07-15 08:41:56	315
23	23	27.00	65	1017	Sky is Clear	1436945951	2.10	50.000	Asti	2015-07-15 09:39:11	315

pd.read_csv('data3/asti_150715.csv').shape

(24, 11)

查看列数

full_df.columns

Index(['Unnamed: 0', 'temp', 'humidity', 'pressure', 'description', 'dt',
       'wind_speed', 'wind_deg', 'city', 'day', 'dist'],
      dtype='object')

去除没用的列 Unnamed:0

# del all_['Unnamed:0'] 删除一列

# 方法二
full_df.drop(columns='Unnamed: 0',inplace=True)
full_df.columns

Index(['temp', 'humidity', 'pressure', 'description', 'dt', 'wind_speed',
       'wind_deg', 'city', 'day', 'dist'],
      dtype='object')

显示最高温度与力海远近的关系

按city分组，计算temp和dist的最大值
按dist排序，df.sort_values()

full_df.head()

	temp	humidity	pressure	description	dt	wind_speed	wind_deg	city	day	dist
0	28.05	66	1014.0	Sky is Clear	1436863176	2.57	42.501	Asti	2015-07-14 10:39:36	315
1	29.51	64	1014.0	Sky is Clear	1436866759	1.54	263.000	Asti	2015-07-14 11:39:19	315
2	30.39	58	1017.0	Sky is Clear	1436870510	2.60	100.000	Asti	2015-07-14 12:41:50	315
3	31.10	54	1017.0	Sky is Clear	1436874098	2.10	90.000	Asti	2015-07-14 13:41:38	315
4	33.23	45	1016.0	few clouds	1436877645	2.10	120.000	Asti	2015-07-14 14:40:45	315

full_df.dtypes

temp           float64
humidity         int64
pressure       float64
description     object
dt               int64
wind_speed     float64
wind_deg       float64
city            object
day             object
dist             int64
dtype: object

dist_temp = full_df.groupby('city')['temp','dist'].max().sort_values('dist')
dist_temp

	temp	dist
city
Ravenna	32.79	8
Cesena	32.81	14
Faenza	32.74	37
Ferrara	33.43	47
Bologna	33.85	71
Mantova	34.18	121
Piacenza	33.92	200
Milano	34.81	250
Asti	34.31	315
Torino	34.69	357

画图显示关系

scatter()显示距离与温度的散布图
plot()显示距离与温度的线性图

plt.scatter(dist_temp.dist,dist_temp.temp,s=50,c='r')
plt.plot(dist_temp.dist,dist_temp.temp,ls=':',c='b')
plt.show()

[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-6nraV5HF-1649956930001)(output_20_0.png)]

读取Astil城市某一天的温度变化数据，并画出线型图和散点图，如2015-7-14这一天的天气变化

处理day时间格式
转成年、月、日的date日期
或转成时、分、秒的字符串
将绘制的画布保存成一张png图片

full_df.city.unique()

array(['Asti', 'Bologna', 'Cesena', 'Faenza', 'Ferrara', 'Mantova',
       'Milano', 'Piacenza', 'Ravenna', 'Torino'], dtype=object)

asti = full_df.query('city=="Asti"')
asti.head()

	temp	humidity	pressure	description	dt	wind_speed	wind_deg	city	day	dist
0	28.05	66	1014.0	Sky is Clear	1436863176	2.57	42.501	Asti	2015-07-14 10:39:36	315
1	29.51	64	1014.0	Sky is Clear	1436866759	1.54	263.000	Asti	2015-07-14 11:39:19	315
2	30.39	58	1017.0	Sky is Clear	1436870510	2.60	100.000	Asti	2015-07-14 12:41:50	315
3	31.10	54	1017.0	Sky is Clear	1436874098	2.10	90.000	Asti	2015-07-14 13:41:38	315
4	33.23	45	1016.0	few clouds	1436877645	2.10	120.000	Asti	2015-07-14 14:40:45	315

def covert_date_hour(item):
    return Series({'date':item[:10],'hour':item[11:13]})

asti['day'].map(covert_date_hour)

0     date    2015-07-14
hour            10
dtype: o...
1     date    2015-07-14
hour            11
dtype: o...
2     date    2015-07-14
hour            12
dtype: o...
3     date    2015-07-14
hour            13
dtype: o...
4     date    2015-07-14
hour            14
dtype: o...
                            ...                        
15    date    2015-06-28
hour            04
dtype: o...
16    date    2015-06-28
hour            05
dtype: o...
17    date    2015-06-28
hour            06
dtype: o...
18    date    2015-06-28
hour            07
dtype: o...
19    date    2015-06-28
hour            08
dtype: o...
Name: day, Length: 68, dtype: object

def covert_date(item):
    return item[:10]
def covert_hour(item):
    return item[11:13]

asti['day'].map(covert_date)

0     2015-07-14
1     2015-07-14
2     2015-07-14
3     2015-07-14
4     2015-07-14
         ...    
15    2015-06-28
16    2015-06-28
17    2015-06-28
18    2015-06-28
19    2015-06-28
Name: day, Length: 68, dtype: object

# 添加date列，hour列
asti['date'] =  asti['day'].map(covert_date)
asti['hour'] =  asti['day'].map(covert_hour)
asti.head()

D:\yingyong\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\ipykernel_launcher.py:2: SettingWithCopyWarning: 
A value is trying to be set on a copy of a slice from a DataFrame.
Try using .loc[row_indexer,col_indexer] = value instead

See the caveats in the documentation: http://pandas.pydata.org/pandas-docs/stable/user_guide/indexing.html#returning-a-view-versus-a-copy
  
D:\yingyong\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\ipykernel_launcher.py:3: SettingWithCopyWarning: 
A value is trying to be set on a copy of a slice from a DataFrame.
Try using .loc[row_indexer,col_indexer] = value instead

See the caveats in the documentation: http://pandas.pydata.org/pandas-docs/stable/user_guide/indexing.html#returning-a-view-versus-a-copy
  This is separate from the ipykernel package so we can avoid doing imports until

	temp	humidity	pressure	description	dt	wind_speed	wind_deg	city	day	dist	date	hour
0	28.05	66	1014.0	Sky is Clear	1436863176	2.57	42.501	Asti	2015-07-14 10:39:36	315	2015-07-14	10
1	29.51	64	1014.0	Sky is Clear	1436866759	1.54	263.000	Asti	2015-07-14 11:39:19	315	2015-07-14	11
2	30.39	58	1017.0	Sky is Clear	1436870510	2.60	100.000	Asti	2015-07-14 12:41:50	315	2015-07-14	12
3	31.10	54	1017.0	Sky is Clear	1436874098	2.10	90.000	Asti	2015-07-14 13:41:38	315	2015-07-14	13
4	33.23	45	1016.0	few clouds	1436877645	2.10	120.000	Asti	2015-07-14 14:40:45	315	2015-07-14	14

asti.query('date == "2015-07-14"')[['hour','temp']]

	hour	temp
0	10	28.05
1	11	29.51
2	12	30.39
3	13	31.10
4	14	33.23
5	15	32.95
6	16	34.31
7	17	32.47
8	18	34.28
9	19	31.41
10	20	29.72
11	21	27.68
12	22	26.44
13	23	26.17

asti1 = asti.query('date == "2015-07-14"')[['hour','temp']]
plt.plot(asti1.hour,asti1.temp)

[<matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0x9541270>]

[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-kjPDQ3Q1-1649956930004)(output_30_1.png)]

查看asti的一周的湿度变化的数据，并画出散点与线型图

按天进行分组
将分组后的data设置为列

asti.head()

	temp	humidity	pressure	description	dt	wind_speed	wind_deg	city	day	dist	date	hour
0	28.05	66	1014.0	Sky is Clear	1436863176	2.57	42.501	Asti	2015-07-14 10:39:36	315	2015-07-14	10
1	29.51	64	1014.0	Sky is Clear	1436866759	1.54	263.000	Asti	2015-07-14 11:39:19	315	2015-07-14	11
2	30.39	58	1017.0	Sky is Clear	1436870510	2.60	100.000	Asti	2015-07-14 12:41:50	315	2015-07-14	12
3	31.10	54	1017.0	Sky is Clear	1436874098	2.10	90.000	Asti	2015-07-14 13:41:38	315	2015-07-14	13
4	33.23	45	1016.0	few clouds	1436877645	2.10	120.000	Asti	2015-07-14 14:40:45	315	2015-07-14	14

asti.date.unique()

array(['2015-07-14', '2015-07-15', '2015-07-24', '2015-07-25',
       '2015-06-27', '2015-06-28'], dtype=object)

asti.columns

Index(['temp', 'humidity', 'pressure', 'description', 'dt', 'wind_speed',
       'wind_deg', 'city', 'day', 'dist', 'date', 'hour'],
      dtype='object')

asti.groupby('date')['humidity'].mean()

date
2015-06-27    54.083333
2015-06-28    75.250000
2015-07-14    55.571429
2015-07-15    73.400000
2015-07-24    55.692308
2015-07-25    73.272727
Name: humidity, dtype: float64

asti.groupby('date')['humidity'].mean().reset_index(drop=False)

	date	humidity
0	2015-06-27	54.083333
1	2015-06-28	75.250000
2	2015-07-14	55.571429
3	2015-07-15	73.400000
4	2015-07-24	55.692308
5	2015-07-25	73.272727

asti2 = asti.groupby('date')['humidity'].mean().reset_index(drop=False)
asti2

	date	humidity
0	2015-06-27	54.083333
1	2015-06-28	75.250000
2	2015-07-14	55.571429
3	2015-07-15	73.400000
4	2015-07-24	55.692308
5	2015-07-25	73.272727

plt.scatter(asti2.date,asti2.humidity)

<matplotlib.collections.PathCollection at 0xabab650>

[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-XZ2Ksdmk-1649956930005)(output_38_1.png)]

plt.plot(asti2.date,asti2.humidity)

[<matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0xabab730>]

[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-eowQyvZw-1649956930008)(output_39_1.png)]

观察发现，离海近的可以形成一条直线，离海远的也能形成一条直线

分别以100公里和50公里为分界点，划分为离海近和离海远的两组数据

city_temp[‘dist’] > 50 # 远距离
city_temp[‘dist’] <100 # 近距离

dist_temp

	temp	dist
city
Ravenna	32.79	8
Cesena	32.81	14
Faenza	32.74	37
Ferrara	33.43	47
Bologna	33.85	71
Mantova	34.18	121
Piacenza	33.92	200
Milano	34.81	250
Asti	34.31	315
Torino	34.69	357

dist_temp.query('dist >50')

	temp	dist
city
Bologna	33.85	71
Mantova	34.18	121
Piacenza	33.92	200
Milano	34.81	250
Asti	34.31	315
Torino	34.69	357

dist_temp.query('dist < 100')

	temp	dist
city
Ravenna	32.79	8
Cesena	32.81	14
Faenza	32.74	37
Ferrara	33.43	47
Bologna	33.85	71

dt1 = dist_temp[dist_temp.dist > 50]
dt2 = dist_temp[dist_temp.dist < 100]
display(dt1,dt2)

	temp	dist
city
Bologna	33.85	71
Mantova	34.18	121
Piacenza	33.92	200
Milano	34.81	250
Asti	34.31	315
Torino	34.69	357

	temp	dist
city
Ravenna	32.79	8
Cesena	32.81	14
Faenza	32.74	37
Ferrara	33.43	47
Bologna	33.85	71

画出远、近的距离与温度的散布图(散点图)

plt.scatter(dt1.dist,dt1.temp,c='r',s =50)
plt.scatter(dt2.dist,dt2.temp,c='b',s = 100)
plt.show()

[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-la8ofRuI-1649956930009)(output_46_0.png)]

使用线性回归预测给定距离的温度

机器学习的线性回归模型LinearRegression
scikit-learn 模块中线性模型
sklearn.linear_model
创建回归模型对象
linear = LinearRegression()
训练模型
fit(x,y)
x 是实际数据的自变量，必须是二维数组
y 实际数据的因变量
预测模型
predict(x)根据预测函数，计算x的结果
x也是一个二维数组

from sklearn.linear_model import LinearRegression

# 线性回归模型：有标签(目标)的机器学习,(有监督)
linear = LinearRegression()

# reshape(-1,1) 其中的-1表示为任意数量的行，1表示1列
linear.fit(dt1.dist.values.reshape(-1,1),dt1.temp)  # 训练

LinearRegression(copy_X=True, fit_intercept=True, n_jobs=None, normalize=False)

linear.intercept_  # b

33.733483439733746

linear.coef_    # w

array([0.00255639])

线性函数：y = w*x + b
创建线性回归模型对象

训练模型

一个被训练过的模型，就是一个预测函数表达式f(x)=wx+b

预测模型

# 生成预测数据
x1 = np.linspace(50,400,num=50)  # 远距离的预测数据
x2 = np.linspace(0,100,num=50)  # 近距离的预测数据

y1 = linear.predict(x1.reshape(-1,1))

linear = LinearRegression()
linear.fit(dt2.dist.values.reshape(-1,1),dt2.temp)
y2 = linear.predict(x2.reshape(-1,1))

plt.scatter(dt1.dist,dt1.temp,c='r',s =50)
plt.plot(x1,y1,color='r')
plt.scatter(dt2.dist,dt2.temp,c='b',s = 100)
plt.plot(x2,y2,color='b')
plt.show()

[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-RlZvzJgo-1649956930012)(output_58_0.png)]

风向与风速的关系

查看Asti城市的风向wind_deg与风速wind_speed
按wind_deg风向排序
重新创建索引 reset_index()

asti

	temp	humidity	pressure	description	dt	wind_speed	wind_deg	city	day	dist	date	hour
0	28.05	66	1014.0	Sky is Clear	1436863176	2.57	42.501	Asti	2015-07-14 10:39:36	315	2015-07-14	10
1	29.51	64	1014.0	Sky is Clear	1436866759	1.54	263.000	Asti	2015-07-14 11:39:19	315	2015-07-14	11
2	30.39	58	1017.0	Sky is Clear	1436870510	2.60	100.000	Asti	2015-07-14 12:41:50	315	2015-07-14	12
3	31.10	54	1017.0	Sky is Clear	1436874098	2.10	90.000	Asti	2015-07-14 13:41:38	315	2015-07-14	13
4	33.23	45	1016.0	few clouds	1436877645	2.10	120.000	Asti	2015-07-14 14:40:45	315	2015-07-14	14
...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
15	18.44	77	1018.0	few clouds	1435460039	2.60	30.000	Asti	2015-06-28 04:53:59	315	2015-06-28	04
16	18.01	77	1018.0	Sky is Clear	1435463877	2.10	360.000	Asti	2015-06-28 05:57:57	315	2015-06-28	05
17	18.58	84	1016.0	Sky is Clear	1435467179	0.88	321.501	Asti	2015-06-28 06:52:59	315	2015-06-28	06
18	20.08	73	1018.0	Sky is Clear	1435470849	1.00	0.000	Asti	2015-06-28 07:54:09	315	2015-06-28	07
19	20.98	68	1018.0	Sky is Clear	1435474468	1.00	0.000	Asti	2015-06-28 08:54:28	315	2015-06-28	08

68 rows × 12 columns

asti_ds = asti[['wind_deg','wind_speed']]
asti_ds.sort_values('wind_deg',inplace=True)
asti_ds

D:\yingyong\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\ipykernel_launcher.py:2: SettingWithCopyWarning: 
A value is trying to be set on a copy of a slice from a DataFrame

See the caveats in the documentation: http://pandas.pydata.org/pandas-docs/stable/user_guide/indexing.html#returning-a-view-versus-a-copy

	wind_deg	wind_speed
19	0.0	1.0
19	0.0	0.5
5	0.0	2.1
7	0.0	1.0
8	0.0	1.0
...	...	...
15	350.0	2.6
20	350.0	3.1
17	360.0	2.1
14	360.0	1.5
16	360.0	2.1

68 rows × 2 columns

asti_ds.reset_index(inplace=True)
asti_ds

	index	wind_deg	wind_speed
0	0	0.0	1.0
1	1	0.0	0.5
2	2	0.0	2.1
3	3	0.0	1.0
4	4	0.0	1.0
...	...	...	...
63	63	350.0	2.6
64	64	350.0	3.1
65	65	360.0	2.1
66	66	360.0	1.5
67	67	360.0	2.1

68 rows × 3 columns

asti_ds.drop(columns='index',inplace=True)
asti_ds

	wind_deg	wind_speed
0	0.0	1.0
1	0.0	0.5
2	0.0	2.1
3	0.0	1.0
4	0.0	1.0
...	...	...
63	350.0	2.6
64	350.0	3.1
65	360.0	2.1
66	360.0	1.5
67	360.0	2.1

68 rows × 2 columns

画出风向与风俗的线性图

按wind_deg分组，并计算wind_speed的平均风速，最后再plot()画出线形图

asti_ds_mean = asti_ds.groupby('wind_deg').mean()
asti_ds_mean

	wind_speed
wind_deg
0.000	1.018667
10.000	3.600000
24.000	2.060000
30.000	2.050000
40.000	1.500000
42.501	2.570000
50.000	2.075000
70.000	2.600000
80.000	2.100000
90.000	1.800000
100.000	2.083333
110.000	2.100000
120.000	2.350000
140.000	1.500000
154.505	2.060000
170.000	5.700000
180.000	1.000000
240.000	2.100000
263.000	1.540000
270.000	2.600000
280.000	2.100000
290.000	1.500000
300.000	3.600000
310.000	1.500000
320.000	2.600000
321.501	0.880000
330.000	1.500000
340.000	2.600000
350.000	2.233333
360.000	1.900000

plt.plot(asti_ds_mean)

[<matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0xc3b2170>]

[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-AMsY0fwC-1649956930015)(output_66_1.png)]

在子图中，同时比较风向与湿度和风力的关系

查看humidity列的数据类型
通过pd.to_numeric()将字符类型转成数值型

asti_dsht = asti[['wind_deg','wind_speed','humidity','temp']]
asti_dsht

	wind_deg	wind_speed	humidity	temp
0	42.501	2.57	66	28.05
1	263.000	1.54	64	29.51
2	100.000	2.60	58	30.39
3	90.000	2.10	54	31.10
4	120.000	2.10	45	33.23
...	...	...	...	...
15	30.000	2.60	77	18.44
16	360.000	2.10	77	18.01
17	321.501	0.88	84	18.58
18	0.000	1.00	73	20.08
19	0.000	1.00	68	20.98

68 rows × 4 columns

asti_dsht = asti_dsht.sort_values('wind_deg').reset_index(drop=True)
asti_dsht

	wind_deg	wind_speed	humidity	temp
0	0.0	1.0	68	20.98
1	0.0	0.5	83	23.00
2	0.0	2.1	48	29.12
3	0.0	1.0	54	29.04
4	0.0	1.0	65	27.89
...	...	...	...	...
63	350.0	2.6	73	24.45
64	350.0	3.1	78	23.00
65	360.0	2.1	73	24.24
66	360.0	1.5	73	19.81
67	360.0	2.1	77	18.01

68 rows × 4 columns

asti_dsht_mean = asti_dsht.pivot_table(index='wind_deg')
asti_dsht_mean

	humidity	temp	wind_speed
wind_deg
0.000	68.266667	24.882000	1.018667
10.000	62.666667	26.500000	3.600000
24.000	49.000000	30.790000	2.060000
30.000	73.000000	22.440000	2.050000
40.000	62.000000	27.680000	1.500000
42.501	66.000000	28.050000	2.570000
50.000	54.500000	27.760000	2.075000
70.000	56.750000	28.932500	2.600000
80.000	60.000000	22.680000	2.100000
90.000	61.500000	27.580000	1.800000
100.000	51.666667	31.138333	2.083333
110.000	46.000000	32.950000	2.100000
120.000	48.000000	32.080000	2.350000
140.000	45.000000	31.440000	1.500000
154.505	29.000000	28.560000	2.060000
170.000	58.000000	29.100000	5.700000
180.000	61.000000	26.870000	1.000000
240.000	46.000000	31.410000	2.100000
263.000	64.000000	29.510000	1.540000
270.000	61.000000	26.530000	2.600000
280.000	64.000000	23.160000	2.100000
290.000	64.000000	22.840000	1.500000
300.000	57.000000	26.290000	3.600000
310.000	73.000000	24.000000	1.500000
320.000	73.000000	21.590000	2.600000
321.501	84.000000	18.580000	0.880000
330.000	73.000000	24.216667	1.500000
340.000	74.333333	22.106667	2.600000
350.000	78.000000	23.036667	2.233333
360.000	74.333333	20.686667	1.900000

# 通过三个子画布绘制风向和风力、温度、湿度的关系

plt.figure(figsize=(15,6))
for i,column in enumerate(('wind_speed','humidity','temp')):
    plt.subplot(1,3,i+1) # index 从1开始
    plt.plot(asti_dsht_mean[column],c=np.random.random(size=3))
    plt.title('风向  Vs '+ column,size=20)
    
plt.show()

[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-HooUXJcF-1649956930017)(output_71_0.png)]

角度转成弧度

角度/180 = 弧度/pi，弧度 = 角度 * pi / 180
asti_wind[(asti_wind[‘wind_deg’] >= deg) & (asti_wind[‘wind_deg’] < 45+deg)][‘wind_deg’]

由于风向是360度，我们可以考虑使用玫瑰图(极坐标条形图)

首先自定义一个画图函数

用numpy创建一个直方图，将360度划分为8个面元，将数据分类到这8个面元中

x = np.arange(360,step=45)
x

array([  0,  45,  90, 135, 180, 225, 270, 315])

asti_ds_mean

	wind_speed
wind_deg
0.000	1.018667
10.000	3.600000
24.000	2.060000
30.000	2.050000
40.000	1.500000
42.501	2.570000
50.000	2.075000
70.000	2.600000
80.000	2.100000
90.000	1.800000
100.000	2.083333
110.000	2.100000
120.000	2.350000
140.000	1.500000
154.505	2.060000
170.000	5.700000
180.000	1.000000
240.000	2.100000
263.000	1.540000
270.000	2.600000
280.000	2.100000
290.000	1.500000
300.000	3.600000
310.000	1.500000
320.000	2.600000
321.501	0.880000
330.000	1.500000
340.000	2.600000
350.000	2.233333
360.000	1.900000

ds = asti_ds_mean.reset_index()
ds

	wind_deg	wind_speed
0	0.000	1.018667
1	10.000	3.600000
2	24.000	2.060000
3	30.000	2.050000
4	40.000	1.500000
5	42.501	2.570000
6	50.000	2.075000
7	70.000	2.600000
8	80.000	2.100000
9	90.000	1.800000
10	100.000	2.083333
11	110.000	2.100000
12	120.000	2.350000
13	140.000	1.500000
14	154.505	2.060000
15	170.000	5.700000
16	180.000	1.000000
17	240.000	2.100000
18	263.000	1.540000
19	270.000	2.600000
20	280.000	2.100000
21	290.000	1.500000
22	300.000	3.600000
23	310.000	1.500000
24	320.000	2.600000
25	321.501	0.880000
26	330.000	1.500000
27	340.000	2.600000
28	350.000	2.233333
29	360.000	1.900000

x = np.arange(360,step=45)
ds[(ds.wind_deg >=0) & (ds.wind_deg < 45)]

	wind_deg	wind_speed
0	0.000	1.018667
1	10.000	3.600000
2	24.000	2.060000
3	30.000	2.050000
4	40.000	1.500000
5	42.501	2.570000

x = np.arange(360,step=45)
speeds = [ds[(ds.wind_deg >=deg) & (ds.wind_deg < 45+deg)]['wind_speed'].mean()
           for deg in x
         ]
speeds

[2.133111111111111,
 2.2583333333333333,
 2.0833333333333335,
 3.0866666666666664,
 1.0,
 1.82,
 2.2600000000000002,
 1.9626666666666666]

x1 = x*np.pi /180
x1

array([0.        , 0.78539816, 1.57079633, 2.35619449, 3.14159265,
       3.92699082, 4.71238898, 5.49778714])

# 画极坐标轴
plt.subplot(1,1,1,polar=True)
plt.bar(x1,speeds,
        color=np.random.random(size=(8,3)),
        align='edge')

<BarContainer object of 8 artists>

[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-1ClgJAlf-1649956930019)(output_82_1.png)]

# 设置宽度
plt.subplot(1,1,1,polar=True)
plt.bar(x1,speeds,
        color=np.random.random(size=(8,3)),
        width=0.7,
        align='edge')

<BarContainer object of 8 artists>

[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-0da82Ymf-1649956930020)(output_83_1.png)]

plt.subplot(1,1,1,polar=True)
plt.bar(x1,speeds,
        color=np.random.random(size=(8,3)),
        width=0.7,
        align='edge')
# 设置刻度
plt.xticks(x1,['东','东北','北','西北','西','西南','南','东南'])

([<matplotlib.projections.polar.ThetaTick at 0xaf8e930>,
  <matplotlib.projections.polar.ThetaTick at 0xaedf590>,
  <matplotlib.projections.polar.ThetaTick at 0xae54650>,
  <matplotlib.projections.polar.ThetaTick at 0xae544b0>,
  <matplotlib.projections.polar.ThetaTick at 0xade56d0>,
  <matplotlib.projections.polar.ThetaTick at 0xade5af0>,
  <matplotlib.projections.polar.ThetaTick at 0xade52f0>,
  <matplotlib.projections.polar.ThetaTick at 0xade5030>],
 <a list of 8 Text xticklabel objects>)

[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-drpikEag-1649956930021)(output_84_1.png)]

练习：计算米兰各个方向上的风速

full_df.city.unique()

array(['Asti', 'Bologna', 'Cesena', 'Faenza', 'Ferrara', 'Mantova',
       'Milano', 'Piacenza', 'Ravenna', 'Torino'], dtype=object)

def draw_polar(full_df,city,compare_colname,title=None):
    # 获取指定城市的 风向与某一列比较的信息
    all_ = full_df.copy()
    city_wind = all_[all_['city'] == city][['wind_deg',compare_colname]]
    city_wind.sort_values('wind_deg',inplace=True) # 按方向排序
    city_wind.reset_index(drop=True,inplace=True)
    
    # 8个方向角度
    degs = np.arange(0,360,step=45)
    
    # 获取每个方向上的数据的平均值
    heights  = [city_wind[compare_colname][(city_wind['wind_deg'] >= deg) &
                                          (city_wind['wind_deg'] < 45+deg)].mean() for deg in degs]
    
    # 将角度转为弧度：角度/360 =弧度/2*pi
    x = degs*np.pi/180
    
    plt.figure(figsize=(6,6))
    plt.axes(polar = True, frameon = True)
    
    plt.bar(x,height=heights,
            align='edge',
            bottom=0.1,
            width=0.75,
            color=np.random.random(size=(8,3)))
    
    plt.xticks(x,('东','东北','北','西北','西','西南','南','东南'),
               fontsize=14)
    
    if title:
        plt.title(city+'城市的'+ title,fontsize=20,color='r',
                 loc='center',position=(0.5,1.1))
        
    plt.show()

draw_polar(full_df,'Milano','wind_speed','风向与风速的关系')

[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-vIASitam-1649956930023)(output_88_0.png)]

draw_polar(full_df,'Milano','temp','风向与温度的关系')

[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-I6m0Cbz4-1649956930025)(output_89_0.png)]