目录
keepalived+nginx
编译安装nginx
下载源码 ——> 官网:nginx: download
#存放用户编译软件所用的源码目录
cd /usr/local/src
wget https://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.22.0.tar.gz
安装编译所需依赖
yum install gcc gcc-c++ make automake autoconf libtool pcre pcre-devel zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel -y
编译安装nginx
tar -zxf nginx-1.22.0.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.22.0
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx
make && make install
#检查是否安装成功
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
启动
#启动
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
#快速停止
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop
#优雅的关闭,在退出前完成已经接受的连接请求
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s quit
#重读配置文件
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
#启动后尝试访问,网页访问需关闭防火墙或打开对应端口
本机访问 curl localhost
#开机自启(不添加为系统服务时,用此方法设置开机自启)
ll /etc/rc.d/rc.local
chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local
vim /etc/rc.local
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
systemctl status rc-local
systemctl start rc-local
添加为系统服务
vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
[Unit]
Description=nginx - web server
After=network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target
[Service]
Type=forking
PIDFile=/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid
ExecStartPre=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
ExecReload=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
ExecStop=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop
ExecQuit=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s quit
PrivateTmp=true
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
重新加载系统服务
systemctl daemon-reload
现在可以使用systemctl启动了
#开启Nginx服务
systemctl start nginx
#查看Nginx服务状态
systemctl status nginx
#设置开机启动
systemctl enable nginx
编译安装keepalived
软件下载 官网下载——>Keepalived for Linux
编译安装需要先安装依赖
yum install -y gcc openssl-devel wget
从官网下载下载需要的版本,并解压
cd /usr/local/src
wget https://keepalived.org/software/keepalived-2.2.7.tar.gz --no-check-certificate
tar zxf keepalived-2.2.7.tar.gz
编译安装
cd /usr/local/src/keepalived-2.2.7
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived
make && make install
将keepalived添加到系统服务中(注意路径)
#复制/sbin/keepalived到/usr/sbin下
cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/
#keepalived默认会读取/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf配置文件
mkdir /etc/keepalived
cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf.sample /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
#复制sysconfig文件到/etc/sysconfig下
cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/
#复制keepalived 服务启动脚本到默认的地址/etc/init.d下
cp /usr/local/src/keepalived-2.2.7/keepalived/etc/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/
chmod 755 /etc/init.d/keepalived
启动测试
[root@masker ~]# service keepalived start
Starting keepalived (via systemctl): [ OK ]
#提示正确或者OK,则表示安装成功
#设置开机自启
chkconfig keepalived on
chkconfig --list
配置keepalived+nginx主从模式
keepalived配置文件介绍
基础三个模块,global_defs全局模块,vrrp_instance配置vip模块,vrrp_script 脚本模块,用来检测nginx服务。
注:vrrp_script定义脚本后,在vrrp_instance模块必须加上track_script 参数。
global_defs模块参数
-
notification_email : keepalived在发生诸如切换操作时需要发送email通知地址,后面的 smtp_server 相比也都知道是邮件服务器地址。也可以通过其它方式报警,毕竟邮件不是实时通知的。
-
router_id : 机器标识,通常可设为hostname。故障发生时,邮件通知会用到。
vrrp_instance模块参数
-
state : 指定instance(Initial)的初始状态, MASTER 或者BACKUP,不是唯一性的,跟后面的优先级priority参数有关。
-
interface : 实例绑定的网卡,因为在配置虚拟IP的时候必须是在已有的网卡上添加的,(注意自己系统,我的默认是ens33,有的是eth0)
-
mcast_src_ip : 发送多播数据包时的源IP地址,这里注意了,这里实际上就是在那个地址上发送VRRP通告,这个非常重要,一定要选择稳定的网卡端口来发送,这里相当于heartbeat的心跳端口,如果没有设置那么就用默认的绑定的网卡的IP,也就是interface指定的IP地址
-
virtual_router_id : 这里设置VRID,这里非常重要,相同的VRID为一个组,他将决定多播的MAC地址
-
priority: 设置本节点的优先级,优先级高的为master(1-255)
-
advert_int : 检查间隔,默认为1秒。这就是VRRP的定时器,MASTER每隔这样一个时间间隔,就会发送一个advertisement报文以通知组内其他路由器自己工作正常
-
authentication : 定义认证方式和密码,主从必须一样