python MongoDB增删改查

1.准备工作要用Python操作MongoDB,需要用到pymongo，首先就是要安装pymongo,下面是在Pycharm安装pymongo包的过程。

在pymongo包安装完成之后会出现

准备工作完成

2. 实操阶段

(1)导包

from pymongo import MongoClient

(2)连接MongoDB数据库

from pymongo import MongoClient
class Test:
    def __init__(self):
        self.client=MongoClient(host='localhost',port=27017)
        print(self.client)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    test = Test()

会出现下面的结果:

 

(2)查看数据库

class Test:
    def getDBs(self):
        self.client.list_database_names()
        for db in self.client.list_database_names():
            print(db)
if __name__ == '__main__':
    test = Test()
    test.getDBs()

获取的数据库为： 

 

(3)创建集合

class Test:
    def creatColl(self):
        bigdata=self.client['bigdata']  #创建数据库bigdata
        bigdata.create_collection('student')#创建集合student

if __name__ == '__main__':
    test = Test()
    #创建集合
    #test.creatColl()

 接下来再查看现在数据库

test.getDBs()

 (4)获取集合

class Test:
    def getColl(self):
        self.bigdata=self.client['bigdata']
        collections=self.bigdata.list_collections()
        for coll in collections:
            print(coll)
if __name__ == '__main__':
    test = Test()
    #获取集合
    #test.getColl()

(5)插入一条数据

class Test:
    def inserOne(self):
        self.bigdata=self.client['bigdata']
        comment=self.bigdata['student']
        newDoc={"name":"张三","age":19,"score":[80,78,85]}
        comment.insert_one(newDoc)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    test = Test()
    #插入一条记录
    #test.inserOne()

(6)查询文档

class Test:
    def findDoc(self):
        self.bigdata=self.client['bigdata']
        comment=self.bigdata['student']
        documents=comment.find()
        for document in documents:
            print(document)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    test = Test()
    #查看文档内容
    test.findDoc()

运行结果如下: 

 

(7) 更新文档

class Test:
    def updateDoc(self):
        self.bigdata=self.client['bigdata']
        comment=self.bigdata['student']
        comment.update_one({"name":"张三"},{"$set":{"age":20}})
if __name__ == '__main__':
    test = Test()  
    #更新文档
    #test.updateDoc()

将姓名为张三的年龄改为20，查看一下文档，看是否修改成功。

test.findDoc()

 

(8)删除文档

class Test:
    def deleteDoc(self):
        self.bigdata=self.client['bigdata']
        comment=self.bigdata['student']
        comment.delete_one({"name":"张三"})

if __name__ == '__main__':
    test = Test()
    #删除文档
    test.deleteDoc()

 test.findDoc()  #文档内容为空，表示删除成功

 

(9)删除集合

class Test:
    def dropColl(self):
        bigdata=self.client['bigdata']
        bigdata.drop_collection('student')

if __name__ == '__main__':
    test = Test()
    test.dropColl()