To understand the passage better, the first thing you need to learn is the structure of the sentences.
1.一个句子包括句子主干和修饰成分
其中句子主干即“主谓宾”,同时还有其它几种简单句的形式。
1.1五种简单句的结构
① 主谓
② 主谓宾
③ 主系表
④ 主谓双宾
⑤ 主谓宾宾补
1.2如何区分主干和修饰
李辉老师的“括号法”是一个很好的思路,在公众号有30min免费视频,确保吸收全部视频内容即可初步解决问题。
2.其他特殊句式
2.1 There be/have 句型
2.2 倒装句
倒装句分为“全部倒装”和“局部倒装”两种情况。
2.2.1 全部倒装
eg1. Here comes(v. 在前) the bus.
2. There exists an ancient temple in this town, which attracts many tourists.
2.2.2 局部倒装
(谓语动词只有一个)
eg1. Hardly does(助动词在前) she work(动词原形) all the day.
2. Only(句首才倒装) by in this way can we reach the success.
2.3 强调句
eg. It is the man that/who is our English teacher.
2.4 并列句
(有两个谓语动词)
2.4.1 联合关系
and, not only…but also…, when, neither…nor…
eg1. I [was just leaving/was about to leave](持续) when the telephone rang(时刻).
es.并列中时态并不一致
2. 用法:因为并列所以其中一件事可省略
中文如:“断臂残垣”
形式(结构)一致
英文:“节能减排”-conserve energy and reduce emission => energy conservation and emission reduction
3. 对应关系:v.+n. and v.+n. / 几个 “ and ”的识别
2.4.2 选择关系
or, otherwise, or else, either…or…
1.“就近原则”
eg. Either Tom is coming or his sisters are.
2.“就远原则”
2.4.3 转折关系
but(不可与although, though连用)(关注逗号后内容), while, yet, however
2.4.4 因果关系
for, so(不可与because连用), since, as
3.连接词
to be specific,
to some degree,