推导
定义数列 { A n } \{A_n\} { An},对于 n ≥ 2 n\ge 2 n≥2 有 A n = a A n − 1 + b A n − 2 A_n=aA_{n-1}+bA_{n-2} An=aAn−1+bAn−2, A 0 , A 1 A_0,A_1 A0,A1 为定值。
定义矩阵:
M n = [ A n A n − 1 ] T = [ a b 1 0 ] P m = [ b m p m b m p m − 1 ] M_n=\begin{bmatrix} A_n\\ A_{n-1} \end{bmatrix} \\ T=\begin{bmatrix} a&b\\ 1&0 \end{bmatrix} \\ P_m=\begin{bmatrix} b^mp^m&b^mp^{m-1} \end{bmatrix} Mn=[AnAn−1]T=[a1b0]Pm=[bmpmbmpm−1]
其中 p p p 满足 b p 2 = a p + 1 bp^2=ap+1 bp2=ap+1
注意到:
T × M n = M n + 1 P m × T = P m + 1 P m × M n = P m × T × M n − 1 = P m + 1 × M n − 1 = P m + k × M n − k T \times M_n=M_{n+1}\\ P_m \times T=P_{m+1}\\ P_m \times M_n\\ =P_m \times T \times M_{n-1}\\ =P_{m+1} \times M_{n-1} \\=P_{m+k} \times M_{n-k} T×Mn=Mn+1Pm×T=Pm+1Pm<