装饰者模式的练习

题目：某咖啡店售卖咖啡时，可以根据顾客的要求在其中加入各种配料，咖啡店会根据所加入的配料来计算费用。咖啡店所供应的咖啡及配料的种类和价格如下表所示。

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现采用装饰器(Decorator)模式来实现计算费用的功能，得到如图所示的类图。

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代码如下：

public (1) class Beverage {//饮料类
    String description = "Unknown Beverage";

    public (2) {
        return description;
    }

    public (3);
}

public abstract class CondimentDecorator extends Beverage {//配料
    (4);
}

public class DarkRoast extends Beverage {//深度烘焙咖啡
    private final int DARKROAST_PRICE = 20;

    public DarkRoast() {
        description = "DarkRoast";
    }

    public int cost() {
        return DARKROAST_PRICE;
    }
}

public class Espresso extends Beverage {//蒸馏咖啡
    private final int ESPRESSO_PRICE = 25;

    public Espresso() {
        description = "Espresso";
    }

    public int cost() {
        return ESPRESSO_PRICE;
    }
}

public class Mocha extends CondimentDecorator {//摩卡
    private final int MOCHA_PRICE = 10;

    public Mocha(Beverage beverage) {
        this.beverage = beverage;
    }

    public String getDescription() {
        return beverage.getDescription() + ",Mocha";
    }

    public int cost() {
        return MOCHA_PRICE + beverage.cost();
    }
}

public class Whip extends CondimentDecorator {//奶泡
    private final int WHIP_PRICE = 8;

    public Whip(Beverage beverage) {
        this.beverage = beverage;
    }

    public String getDescription() {
        return beverage.getDescription() + ", whip";
    }

    public int cost() {
        return WHIP_PRICE + beverage.cost();
    }
}

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Beverage beverage = new DarkRoast();
        beverage = new Mocha( (5) );
        beverage = new Whip( (6) );
        System.out.println(beverage.getDescription() + " ￥" + beverage.cost());
    }
}

结果：

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答案：

1. abstract
2. String getDescription()
3. abstract int cost()
4. Beverage beverage
5. beverage
6. beverage