linux-安防监控实现之ZigBee-A9传感器数据采集与串口上传

ZigBee简介

引言
Zigbee通信技术在物联网领域扮演着重要的角色，它为低功耗、低数据速率和短距离通信提供了一种可靠的解决方案。本文将深入介绍Zigbee通信的概述、原理、常用芯片、开发流程、整体架构和提供一些代码实例，帮助读者更好地理解和应用Zigbee技术。

1. Zigbee通信概述
Zigbee是一种基于IEEE 802.15.4标准的无线通信技术，它主要用于低功耗、低数据速率和短距离的无线通信。Zigbee通信适用于物联网设备、家庭自动化、智能能源管理等领域。

2. Zigbee通信原理
Zigbee通信采用低功耗的星型或网状拓扑结构，具有以下特点：

调制方式：Zigbee使用2.4 GHz、868 MHz或915 MHz频段的无线电波进行通信。
网络拓扑：Zigbee网络可以采用星型、网状或混合型拓扑结构。
通信模式：Zigbee采用低功耗的睡眠和唤醒模式，以延长设备的电池寿命。
3. 常用的Zigbee芯片
在Zigbee通信中，常见的芯片制造商和型号包括：

Texas Instruments CC2530/CC2531：广泛用于物联网设备和家庭自动化。
Silicon Labs EM35x系列：适用于各种应用场景，如智能能源管理和工业自动化。
NXP JN516x系列：用于物联网设备和智能家居等领域。
4. Zigbee开发流程
在进行Zigbee开发时，通常遵循以下流程：

硬件准备：选择合适的Zigbee开发板或模块，并连接所需的外围设备。
Zigbee协议栈选择：选择适合项目需求的Zigbee协议栈，如Z-Stack、EmberZNet等。
芯片配置：通过
编程方式配置Zigbee芯片的参数，如信道、功率、网络设置等。

应用开发：基于选择的Zigbee协议栈开发应用层代码，实现Zigbee功能和应用逻辑。
调试和测试：对开发的代码进行调试和测试，确保Zigbee功能正常运行。
5. Zigbee整体架构
Zigbee通信采用分层架构，包括物理层、MAC层、网络层和应用层。每个层级具有不同的功能和责任。

物理层：负责无线通信的物理特性，如调制解调、频率选择等。
MAC层：提供数据帧的封装和解封装，负责数据传输的可靠性和安全性。
网络层：处理节点之间的路由和网络拓扑结构，确保数据的传输和可达性。
应用层：实现具体的应用功能，如传感器数据的采集和控制命令的发送等。
6. Zigbee开发代码实例
以下是一个简单的Zigbee通信代码实例，基于Texas Instruments CC2530芯片和Z-Stack协议栈：

#include "ZComDef.h"
#include "OSAL.h"
#include "AF.h"

void zclSampleApp_Init(void) {
  // 初始化Zigbee协议栈和应用程序
  afRegister( &zclSampleAppEp );
}

int main(void) {
  // Zigbee初始化
  zclSampleApp_Init();

  // 主循环
  while (1) {
    // 处理Zigbee事件
    osal_run_system();
  }

  return 0;
}

上述代码使用Z-Stack协议栈初始化Zigbee协议栈和应用程序。开发者可以根据具体的应用需求，添加自定义的Zigbee功能和处理事件的代码。

7. 结论
通过本文的介绍，我们深入了解了Zigbee通信的概述、原理、常用芯片、开发流程、整体架构和提供了一个简单的代码实例。Zigbee作为一种低功耗、低数据速率和短距离通信的解决方案，广泛应用于物联网、家庭自动化等领域。希望本文能够帮助读者更好地理解和应用Zigbee技术，并在实际应用中取得良好的效果。

请注意，以上代码示例仅为演示目的，实际的Zigbee通信开发可能涉及更复杂的功能和细节。在实际开发中，请参考相应的文档和资源，并根据具体需求进行适当的修改和优化。
 

/**************************************************************************************************
  Filename:       ZMain.c
  Revised:        $Date: 2009-09-17 20:35:33 -0700 (Thu, 17 Sep 2009) $
  Revision:       $Revision: 20782 $

  Description:    Startup and shutdown code for ZStack
  Notes:          This version targets the Chipcon CC2530


  Copyright 2005-2009 Texas Instruments Incorporated. All rights reserved.

  IMPORTANT: Your use of this Software is limited to those specific rights
  granted under the terms of a software license agreement between the user
  who downloaded the software, his/her employer (which must be your employer)
  and Texas Instruments Incorporated (the "License").  You may not use this
  Software unless you agree to abide by the terms of the License. The License
  limits your use, and you acknowledge, that the Software may not be modified,
  copied or distributed unless embedded on a Texas Instruments microcontroller
  or used solely and exclusively in conjunction with a Texas Instruments radio
  frequency transceiver, which is integrated into your product.  Other than for
  the foregoing purpose, you may not use, reproduce, copy, prepare derivative
  works of, modify, distribute, perform, display or sell this Software and/or
  its documentation for any purpose.

  YOU FURTHER ACKNOWLEDGE AND AGREE THAT THE SOFTWARE AND DOCUMENTATION ARE
  PROVIDED 揂S IS?WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED,
  INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY, TITLE,
  NON-INFRINGEMENT AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. IN NO EVENT SHALL
  TEXAS INSTRUMENTS OR ITS LICENSORS BE LIABLE OR OBLIGATED UNDER CONTRACT,
  NEGLIGENCE, STRICT LIABILITY, CONTRIBUTION, BREACH OF WARRANTY, OR OTHER
  LEGAL EQUITABLE THEORY ANY DIRECT OR INDIRECT DAMAGES OR EXPENSES
  INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, INDIRECT, PUNITIVE
  OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, LOST PROFITS OR LOST DATA, COST OF PROCUREMENT
  OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS, TECHNOLOGY, SERVICES, OR ANY CLAIMS BY THIRD PARTIES
  (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY DEFENSE THEREOF), OR OTHER SIMILAR COSTS.

  Should you have any questions regarding your right to use this Software,
  contact Texas Instruments Incorporated at www.TI.com.
**************************************************************************************************/

/*********************************************************************
 * INCLUDES
 */

#include "ZComDef.h"
#include "OSAL.h"
#include "OSAL_Nv.h"
#include "OnBoard.h"
#include "ZMAC.h"

#ifndef NONWK
  #include "AF.h"
#endif

/* Hal */
#include "hal_lcd.h"
#include "hal_led.h"
#include "hal_adc.h"
#include "hal_drivers.h"
#include "hal_assert.h"
#include "hal_flash.h"

/*********************************************************************
 * MACROS
 */

/*********************************************************************
 * CONSTANTS
 */

// Maximun number of Vdd samples checked before go on
#define MAX_VDD_SAMPLES  3
#define ZMAIN_VDD_LIMIT  HAL_ADC_VDD_LIMIT_4

/*********************************************************************
 * TYPEDEFS
 */

/*********************************************************************
 * GLOBAL VARIABLES
 */

/*********************************************************************
 * EXTERNAL VARIABLES
 */

/*********************************************************************
 * EXTERNAL FUNCTIONS
 */

extern bool HalAdcCheckVdd (uint8 limit);

/*********************************************************************
 * LOCAL VARIABLES
 */

/*********************************************************************
 * LOCAL FUNCTIONS
 */

static void zmain_dev_info( void );
static void zmain_ext_addr( void );
static void zmain_vdd_check( void );

#ifdef LCD_SUPPORTED
static void zmain_lcd_init( void );
#endif

/*********************************************************************
 * @fn      main
 * @brief   First function called after startup.
 * @return  don't care
 */
int main( void )
{
  // Turn off interrupts  关中断
  osal_int_disable( INTS_ALL );

  // Initialization for board related stuff such as LEDs
  HAL_BOARD_INIT();

  // Make sure supply voltage is high enough to run   检查芯片是否上电正常
  zmain_vdd_check();

  // Initialize board I/O  初始化I/O，LED，Timer等
  InitBoard( OB_COLD );

  // Initialze HAL drivers  初始化硬件抽象层驱动模块
  HalDriverInit();

  // Initialize NV System  
  osal_nv_init( NULL );

  // Initialize the MAC  初始化MAC层
  ZMacInit();

  // Determine the extended address   确定IEEE64位地址
  zmain_ext_addr();

  // Initialize basic NV items  初始化非易失变量
  zgInit(); 

#ifndef NONWK
  // Since the AF isn't a task, call it's initialization routine
  afInit();
#endif

  // Initialize the operating system   初始化OS（重点介绍1）
  osal_init_system();

  // Allow interrupts  使能中断
  osal_int_enable( INTS_ALL );

  // Final board initialization  最终板载初始化
  InitBoard( OB_READY );

  // Display information about this device   
  zmain_dev_info();

  /* Display the device info on the LCD 显示设备信息（这里有LCD屏幕）*/  
#ifdef LCD_SUPPORTED
  zmain_lcd_init();
#endif

#ifdef WDT_IN_PM1
  /* If WDT is used, this is a good place to enable it. */
  WatchDogEnable( WDTIMX );
#endif

  osal_start_system(); // No Return from here  执行操作系统（重点介绍2）

  return 0;  // Shouldn't get here.
} // main()

/*********************************************************************
 * @fn      zmain_vdd_check
 * @brief   Check if the Vdd is OK to run the processor.
 * @return  Return if Vdd is ok; otherwise, flash LED, then reset
 *********************************************************************/
static void zmain_vdd_check( void )
{
  uint8 vdd_passed_count = 0;
  bool toggle = 0;

  // Repeat getting the sample until number of failures or successes hits MAX
  // then based on the count value, determine if the device is ready or not
  while ( vdd_passed_count < MAX_VDD_SAMPLES )
  {
    if ( HalAdcCheckVdd (ZMAIN_VDD_LIMIT) )
    {
      vdd_passed_count++;    // Keep track # times Vdd passes in a row
      MicroWait (10000);     // Wait 10ms to try again
    }
    else
    {
      vdd_passed_count = 0;  // Reset passed counter
      MicroWait (50000);     // Wait 50ms
      MicroWait (50000);     // Wait another 50ms to try again
    }

    /* toggle LED1 and LED2 */
    if (vdd_passed_count == 0)
    {
      if ((toggle = !(toggle)))
        HAL_TOGGLE_LED1();
      else
        HAL_TOGGLE_LED2();
    }
  }

  /* turn off LED1 */
  HAL_TURN_OFF_LED1();
  HAL_TURN_OFF_LED2();
}

/**************************************************************************************************
 * @fn          zmain_ext_addr
 *
 * @brief       Execute a prioritized search for a valid extended address and write the results
 *              into the OSAL NV system for use by the system. Temporary address not saved to NV.
 *
 * input parameters
 *
 * None.
 *
 * output parameters
 *
 * None.
 *
 * @return      None.
 **************************************************************************************************
 */
static void zmain_ext_addr(void)
{
  uint8 nullAddr[Z_EXTADDR_LEN] = {0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF};
  uint8 writeNV = TRUE;

  // First check whether a non-erased extended address exists in the OSAL NV.
  if ((SUCCESS != osal_nv_item_init(ZCD_NV_EXTADDR, Z_EXTADDR_LEN, NULL))  ||
      (SUCCESS != osal_nv_read(ZCD_NV_EXTADDR, 0, Z_EXTADDR_LEN, aExtendedAddress)) ||
      (osal_memcmp(aExtendedAddress, nullAddr, Z_EXTADDR_LEN)))
  {
    // Attempt to read the extended address from the location on the lock bits page
    // where the programming tools know to reserve it.
    HalFlashRead(HAL_FLASH_IEEE_PAGE, HAL_FLASH_IEEE_OSET, aExtendedAddress, Z_EXTADDR_LEN);

    if (osal_memcmp(aExtendedAddress, nullAddr, Z_EXTADDR_LEN))
    {
      // Attempt to read the extended address from the designated location in the Info Page.
      if (!osal_memcmp((uint8 *)(P_INFOPAGE+HAL_INFOP_IEEE_OSET), nullAddr, Z_EXTADDR_LEN))
      {
        osal_memcpy(aExtendedAddress, (uint8 *)(P_INFOPAGE+HAL_INFOP_IEEE_OSET), Z_EXTADDR_LEN);
      }
      else  // No valid extended address was found.
      {
        uint8 idx;
        
#if !defined ( NV_RESTORE )
        writeNV = FALSE;  // Make this a temporary IEEE address
#endif

        /* Attempt to create a sufficiently random extended address for expediency.
         * Note: this is only valid/legal in a test environment and
         *       must never be used for a commercial product.
         */
        for (idx = 0; idx < (Z_EXTADDR_LEN - 2);)
        {
          uint16 randy = osal_rand();
          aExtendedAddress[idx++] = LO_UINT16(randy);
          aExtendedAddress[idx++] = HI_UINT16(randy);
        }
        // Next-to-MSB identifies ZigBee devicetype.
#if ZG_BUILD_COORDINATOR_TYPE && !ZG_BUILD_JOINING_TYPE
        aExtendedAddress[idx++] = 0x10;
#elif ZG_BUILD_RTRONLY_TYPE
        aExtendedAddress[idx++] = 0x20;
#else
        aExtendedAddress[idx++] = 0x30;
#endif
        // MSB has historical signficance.
        aExtendedAddress[idx] = 0xF8;
      }
    }

    if (writeNV)
    {
      (void)osal_nv_write(ZCD_NV_EXTADDR, 0, Z_EXTADDR_LEN, aExtendedAddress);
    }
  }

  // Set the MAC PIB extended address according to results from above.
  (void)ZMacSetReq(MAC_EXTENDED_ADDRESS, aExtendedAddress);
}

/**************************************************************************************************
 * @fn          zmain_dev_info
 *
 * @brief       This displays the IEEE (MSB to LSB) on the LCD.
 *
 * input parameters
 *
 * None.
 *
 * output parameters
 *
 * None.
 *
 * @return      None.
 **************************************************************************************************
 */
static void zmain_dev_info(void)
{
#ifdef LCD_SUPPORTED
  uint8 i;
  uint8 *xad;
  uint8 lcd_buf[Z_EXTADDR_LEN*2+1];

  // Display the extended address.
  xad = aExtendedAddress + Z_EXTADDR_LEN - 1;

  for (i = 0; i < Z_EXTADDR_LEN*2; xad--)
  {
    uint8 ch;
    ch = (*xad >> 4) & 0x0F;
    lcd_buf[i++] = ch + (( ch < 10 ) ? '0' : '7');
    ch = *xad & 0x0F;
    lcd_buf[i++] = ch + (( ch < 10 ) ? '0' : '7');
  }
  lcd_buf[Z_EXTADDR_LEN*2] = '\0';
  HalLcdWriteString( "IEEE: ", HAL_LCD_LINE_1 );
  HalLcdWriteString( (char*)lcd_buf, HAL_LCD_LINE_2 );
#endif
}

#ifdef LCD_SUPPORTED
/*********************************************************************
 * @fn      zmain_lcd_init
 * @brief   Initialize LCD at start up.
 * @return  none
 *********************************************************************/
static void zmain_lcd_init ( void )
{
#ifdef SERIAL_DEBUG_SUPPORTED
  {
    HalLcdWriteString( "TexasInstruments", HAL_LCD_LINE_1 );

#if defined( MT_MAC_FUNC )
#if defined( ZDO_COORDINATOR )
      HalLcdWriteString( "MAC-MT Coord", HAL_LCD_LINE_2 );
#else
      HalLcdWriteString( "MAC-MT Device", HAL_LCD_LINE_2 );
#endif // ZDO
#elif defined( MT_NWK_FUNC )
#if defined( ZDO_COORDINATOR )
      HalLcdWriteString( "NWK Coordinator", HAL_LCD_LINE_2 );
#else
      HalLcdWriteString( "NWK Device", HAL_LCD_LINE_2 );
#endif // ZDO
#endif // MT_FUNC
  }
#endif // SERIAL_DEBUG_SUPPORTED
}
#endif

/*********************************************************************
*********************************************************************/

/**************************************************************************************************
  Filename:       OnBoard.c
  Revised:        $Date: 2009-12-16 17:44:49 -0800 (Wed, 16 Dec 2009) $
  Revision:       $Revision: 21351 $

  Description:    This file contains the UI and control for the
                  peripherals on the EVAL development board
  Notes:          This file targets the Chipcon CC2530


  Copyright 2005-2009 Texas Instruments Incorporated. All rights reserved.

  IMPORTANT: Your use of this Software is limited to those specific rights
  granted under the terms of a software license agreement between the user
  who downloaded the software, his/her employer (which must be your employer)
  and Texas Instruments Incorporated (the "License").  You may not use this
  Software unless you agree to abide by the terms of the License. The License
  limits your use, and you acknowledge, that the Software may not be modified,
  copied or distributed unless embedded on a Texas Instruments microcontroller
  or used solely and exclusively in conjunction with a Texas Instruments radio
  frequency transceiver, which is integrated into your product.  Other than for
  the foregoing purpose, you may not use, reproduce, copy, prepare derivative
  works of, modify, distribute, perform, display or sell this Software and/or
  its documentation for any purpose.

  YOU FURTHER ACKNOWLEDGE AND AGREE THAT THE SOFTWARE AND DOCUMENTATION ARE
  PROVIDED “AS IS” WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED,
  INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY, TITLE,
  NON-INFRINGEMENT AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. IN NO EVENT SHALL
  TEXAS INSTRUMENTS OR ITS LICENSORS BE LIABLE OR OBLIGATED UNDER CONTRACT,
  NEGLIGENCE, STRICT LIABILITY, CONTRIBUTION, BREACH OF WARRANTY, OR OTHER
  LEGAL EQUITABLE THEORY ANY DIRECT OR INDIRECT DAMAGES OR EXPENSES
  INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, INDIRECT, PUNITIVE
  OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, LOST PROFITS OR LOST DATA, COST OF PROCUREMENT
  OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS, TECHNOLOGY, SERVICES, OR ANY CLAIMS BY THIRD PARTIES
  (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY DEFENSE THEREOF), OR OTHER SIMILAR COSTS.

  Should you have any questions regarding your right to use this Software,
  contact Texas Instruments Incorporated at www.TI.com.
**************************************************************************************************/

/*********************************************************************
 * INCLUDES
 */

#include "ZComDef.h"
#include "OnBoard.h"
#include "OSAL.h"
#include "MT.h"
#include "MT_SYS.h"
#include "DebugTrace.h"

/* Hal */
#include "hal_lcd.h"
#include "hal_mcu.h"
#include "hal_timer.h"
#include "hal_key.h"
#include "hal_led.h"

/* Allow access macRandomByte() */
#include "mac_radio_defs.h"

/*********************************************************************
 * MACROS
 */

/*********************************************************************
 * CONSTANTS
 */

// Task ID not initialized
#define NO_TASK_ID 0xFF

// Minimum length RAM "pattern" for Stack check
#define MIN_RAM_INIT 12

/*********************************************************************
 * TYPEDEFS
 */

/*********************************************************************
 * GLOBAL VARIABLES
 */

uint8 OnboardKeyIntEnable;

#if defined MAKE_CRC_SHDW
#pragma location="CRC_SHDW"
const CODE uint16 _crcShdw = 0xFFFF;
#pragma required=_crcShdw
#endif

// 64-bit Extended Address of this device
uint8 aExtendedAddress[8];

/*********************************************************************
 * EXTERNAL VARIABLES
 */

/*********************************************************************
 * EXTERNAL FUNCTIONS
 */

/*********************************************************************
 * LOCAL VARIABLES
 */

// Registered keys task ID, initialized to NOT USED.
static uint8 registeredKeysTaskID = NO_TASK_ID;

/*********************************************************************
 * LOCAL FUNCTIONS
 */

static void ChkReset( void );

/*********************************************************************
 * @fn      InitBoard()
 * @brief   Initialize the CC2420DB Board Peripherals
 * @param   level: COLD,WARM,READY
 * @return  None
 */
void InitBoard( uint8 level )
{
  if ( level == OB_COLD )
  {
    // Interrupts off
    osal_int_disable( INTS_ALL );
    // Turn all LEDs off
    HalLedSet( HAL_LED_ALL, HAL_LED_MODE_OFF );
    // Check for Brown-Out reset
    ChkReset();
  }
  else  // !OB_COLD
  {
    /* Initialize Key stuff */
    OnboardKeyIntEnable = HAL_KEY_INTERRUPT_DISABLE;
    HalKeyConfig( OnboardKeyIntEnable, OnBoard_KeyCallback);
  }
}

/*********************************************************************
 * @fn      ChkReset()
 * @brief   Check reset bits - if reset cause is unknown, assume a
 *          brown-out (low power), assume batteries are not reliable,
 *          hang in a loop and sequence through the LEDs.
 * @param   None
 * @return  None
 *********************************************************************/
void ChkReset( void )
{
  uint8 led;
  uint8 rib;

  // Isolate reset indicator bits
  rib = SLEEPSTA & LRESET;

  if ( rib == RESETPO )
  {
    // Put code here to handle Power-On reset
  }
  else if ( rib == RESETEX )
  {
    // Put code here to handle External reset
  }
  else if ( rib == RESETWD )
  {
    // Put code here to handle WatchDog reset
  }
  else
  {
    // Unknown, hang and blink
    HAL_DISABLE_INTERRUPTS();
    led = HAL_LED_4;
    while ( 1 ) {
      HalLedSet( led, HAL_LED_MODE_ON );
      MicroWait( 62500 );
      MicroWait( 62500 );
      HalLedSet( led, HAL_LED_MODE_OFF );
      MicroWait( 37500 );
      MicroWait( 37500 );
      if ( !(led >>= 1) )
        led = HAL_LED_4;
    }
  }
}

/*********************************************************************
 *                        "Keyboard" Support
 *********************************************************************/

/*********************************************************************
 * Keyboard Register function
 *
 * The keyboard handler is setup to send all keyboard changes to
 * one task (if a task is registered).
 *
 * If a task registers, it will get all the keys. You can change this
 * to register for individual keys.
 *********************************************************************/
uint8 RegisterForKeys( uint8 task_id )
{
  // Allow only the first task
  if ( registeredKeysTaskID == NO_TASK_ID )
  {
    registeredKeysTaskID = task_id;
    return ( true );
  }
  else
    return ( false );
}

/*********************************************************************
 * @fn      OnBoard_SendKeys
 *
 * @brief   Send "Key Pressed" message to application.
 *
 * @param   keys  - keys that were pressed
 *          state - shifted
 *
 * @return  status
 *********************************************************************/
uint8 OnBoard_SendKeys( uint8 keys, uint8 state )
{
  keyChange_t *msgPtr;

  if ( registeredKeysTaskID != NO_TASK_ID )
  {
    // Send the address to the task
    msgPtr = (keyChange_t *)osal_msg_allocate( sizeof(keyChange_t) );
    if ( msgPtr )
    {
      msgPtr->hdr.event = KEY_CHANGE;
      msgPtr->state = state;
      msgPtr->keys = keys;

      osal_msg_send( registeredKeysTaskID, (uint8 *)msgPtr );
    }
    return ( ZSuccess );
  }
  else
    return ( ZFailure );
}

/*********************************************************************
 * @fn      OnBoard_KeyCallback
 *
 * @brief   Callback service for keys
 *
 * @param   keys  - keys that were pressed
 *          state - shifted
 *
 * @return  void
 *********************************************************************/
void OnBoard_KeyCallback ( uint8 keys, uint8 state )
{
  uint8 shift;
  (void)state;

  /* Get shift key status */
  shift = ((keys & HAL_KEY_SW_6) ? true : false);

  if ( OnBoard_SendKeys( keys, shift ) != ZSuccess )
  {
    // Process SW1 here
    if ( keys & HAL_KEY_SW_1 )  // Switch 1
    {
    }
    // Process SW2 here
    if ( keys & HAL_KEY_SW_2 )  // Switch 2
    {
    }
    // Process SW3 here
    if ( keys & HAL_KEY_SW_3 )  // Switch 3
    {
    }
    // Process SW4 here
    if ( keys & HAL_KEY_SW_4 )  // Switch 4
    {
    }
    // Process SW5 here
    if ( keys & HAL_KEY_SW_5 )  // Switch 5
    {
    }
    // Process SW6 here
    if ( keys & HAL_KEY_SW_6 )  // Switch 6
    {
    }
  }
}

/*********************************************************************
 * @fn      OnBoard_stack_used
 *
 * @brief   Runs through the stack looking for touched memory.
 *
 * @param   none
 *
 * @return  Maximum number of bytes used by the stack.
 *********************************************************************/
uint16 OnBoard_stack_used(void)
{
  uint8 const *ptr;
  uint8 cnt = 0;

  for (ptr = XSTACK_END; ptr > XSTACK_BEG; ptr--)
  {
    if (STACK_INIT_VALUE == *ptr)
    {
      if (++cnt >= MIN_RAM_INIT)
      {
        ptr += MIN_RAM_INIT;
        break;
      }
    }
    else
    {
      cnt = 0;
    }
  }

  return (uint16)(XSTACK_END - ptr + 1);
}

/*********************************************************************
 * @fn      _itoa
 *
 * @brief   convert a 16bit number to ASCII
 *
 * @param   num -
 *          buf -
 *          radix -
 *
 * @return  void
 *
 *********************************************************************/
void _itoa(uint16 num, uint8 *buf, uint8 radix)
{
  char c,i;
  uint8 *p, rst[5];

  p = rst;
  for ( i=0; i<5; i++,p++ )
  {
    c = num % radix;  // Isolate a digit
    *p = c + (( c < 10 ) ? '0' : '7');  // Convert to Ascii
    num /= radix;
    if ( !num )
      break;
  }

  for ( c=0 ; c<=i; c++ )
    *buf++ = *p--;  // Reverse character order

  *buf = '\0';
}

/*********************************************************************
 * @fn        Onboard_rand
 *
 * @brief    Random number generator
 *
 * @param   none
 *
 * @return  uint16 - new random number
 *
 *********************************************************************/
uint16 Onboard_rand( void )
{
  return ( MAC_RADIO_RANDOM_WORD() );
}

/*********************************************************************
 * @fn        Onboard_wait
 *
 * @brief    Delay wait
 *
 * @param   uint16 - time to wait
 *
 * @return  none
 *
 *********************************************************************/
void Onboard_wait( uint16 timeout )
{
  while (timeout--)
  {
    asm("NOP");
    asm("NOP");
    asm("NOP");
  }
}

/*********************************************************************
 *                    EXTERNAL I/O FUNCTIONS
 *
 * User defined functions to control external devices. Add your code
 * to the following functions to control devices wired to DB outputs.
 *
 *********************************************************************/

void BigLight_On( void )
{
  // Put code here to turn on an external light
}

void BigLight_Off( void )
{
  // Put code here to turn off an external light
}

void BuzzerControl( uint8 on )
{
  // Put code here to turn a buzzer on/off
  (void)on;
}

void Dimmer( uint8 lvl )
{
  // Put code here to control a dimmer
  (void)lvl;
}

// No dip switches on this board
uint8 GetUserDipSw( void )
{
  return 0;
}

/*********************************************************************
*********************************************************************/