1、什么是HQL？
HQL是Hibernate Query Language的缩写，专属于hibernate的查询语言
2、hql和sql区别/异同 
3.处理返回的结果集
1 单个对象
语法：select没有逗号
2 Object[]
语法：b.bookId, b.bookName
3 Map
语法：new Map(b.bookId as bid, b.bookName as bname)
4 new 构造方法(attr1,attr2)
语法：new Book(b.bookId, b.price)
4，单个列段
① 、?占位符
从下标0开始计算位置hibernate5之后不再支持?占位符
②、:命名参数
5、 连接查询
6、 聚合函数
sum
avg
max
min
coun
package com.hmf.three.hql;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.query.Query;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;import com.hmf.two.entity.Book;
import com.hmf.two.util.SessionFactoryUtil;
public class HqlTest {
private Session session;
private Transaction transaction;
@Before
public void before() {
session = SessionFactoryUtil.getSession();
transaction = session.beginTransaction();
}
@After
public void after() {
transaction.commit();
session.close();
}
/**
* 返回对象（多个）
*/
@Test
public void testList1() {
Query query = session.createQuery("from Book");
List<Book> list = query.list();
for (Book b : list) {
System.out.println(b);
}
}运行结果
/**
* 返回单个列段，用字符串就可以接受
*/
@Test
public void testList2() {
Query query = session.createQuery("select b.bookName as ss from Book b");
List<String> list = query.list();
for (String b : list) {
System.out.println(b);
}
}
/**
* 查两个列段及以上，默认返回的是Object【】
*/
@Test
public void testList3() {
Query query = session.createQuery("select b.bookId,b.bookName as ss from Book b");
List<Object[]> list = query.list();
for (Object[] b : list) {
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(b));
}
}
/**
* 注意map是函数，所以不区分大小写，返回的是map集合
*/
@Test
public void testList4() {
Query query = session.createQuery("select new mAp(b.bookId,b.bookName) from Book b");
List<Map> list = query.list();
for (Map b : list) {
System.out.println(b);
}
}
/**
* 查两个列段及以上，也可返回对象，前提是有对应的构造函数
*/
@Test
public void testList5() {
Query query = session.createQuery("select new Book(b.bookId,b.bookName) from Book b");
List<Book> list = query.list();
for (Book b : list) {
System.out.println(b);
}
}
/**
* HQL语句支持占位符
*/
@Test
public void testList6() {
// Query query = session.createQuery("from Book where bookId = :bookId");
// query.setParameter("bookId", 1);
// Book b = (Book) query.getSingleResult();
// System.out.println(b);
Query query = session.createQuery("from Book where bookId in (:bookIds)");
query.setParameterList("bookIds", new Integer[] {1,2,4});
// List<Integer> params = new ArrayList<Integer>();
// params.add(1);
// params.add(2);
// params.add(4);
// query.setParameterList("bookIds", params);
List<Book> list = query.list();
for (Book b : list) {
System.out.println(b);
}
}
/**
* HQL支持连接查询
*/
@Test
public void testList7() {
Query query = session.createQuery("select o.orderNo,oi.quantity from Order o,OrderItem oi where o = oi.order");
List<Object[]> list = query.list();
for (Object[] b : list) {
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(b));
}
}
/**
* HQL支持聚合函数
*/
@Test
public void testList8() {
Query query = session.createQuery("select count(*) from Book");
Long singleResult = (Long) query.getSingleResult();
System.out.println(singleResult);
}
/**
* HQL分页
*/
@Test
public void testList9() {
Query query = session.createQuery("from Book");
query.setFirstResult(2);
query.setMaxResults(3);
List<Book> list = query.list();
for (Book b : list) {
System.out.println(b);
}
}
}
工具类
package com.hmf.three.hql;
import java.util.Map;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
/**
* 分页工具类
*
*/
public class PageBean {private int page = 1;// 页码
private int rows = 3;// 页大小
private int total = 0;// 总记录数
private boolean pagination = true;// 是否分页
// 获取前台向后台提交的所有参数
private Map<String, String[]> parameterMap;
// 获取上一次访问后台的url
private String url;/**
* 初始化pagebean
*
* @param req
*/
public void setRequest(HttpServletRequest req) {
this.setPage(req.getParameter("page"));
this.setRows(req.getParameter("rows"));
// 只有jsp页面上填写pagination=false才是不分页
this.setPagination(!"fasle".equals(req.getParameter("pagination")));
this.setParameterMap(req.getParameterMap());
this.setUrl(req.getRequestURL().toString());
}public int getMaxPage() {
return this.total % this.rows == 0 ? this.total / this.rows : this.total / this.rows + 1;
}public int nextPage() {
return this.page < this.getMaxPage() ? this.page + 1 : this.getMaxPage();
}public int previousPage() {
return this.page > 1 ? this.page - 1 : 1;
}public PageBean() {
super();
}public int getPage() {
return page;
}public void setPage(int page) {
this.page = page;
}public void setPage(String page) {
this.page = StringUtils.isBlank(page) ? this.page : Integer.valueOf(page);
}public int getRows() {
return rows;
}public void setRows(int rows) {
this.rows = rows;
}public void setRows(String rows) {
this.rows = StringUtils.isBlank(rows) ? this.rows : Integer.valueOf(rows);
}public int getTotal() {
return total;
}public void setTotal(int total) {
this.total = total;
}public void setTotal(String total) {
this.total = Integer.parseInt(total);
}public boolean isPagination() {
return pagination;
}public void setPagination(boolean pagination) {
this.pagination = pagination;
}public Map<String, String[]> getParameterMap() {
return parameterMap;
}public void setParameterMap(Map<String, String[]> parameterMap) {
this.parameterMap = parameterMap;
}public String getUrl() {
return url;
}public void setUrl(String url) {
this.url = url;
}/**
* 获得起始记录的下标
*
* @return
*/
public int getStartIndex() {
return (this.page - 1) * this.rows;
}@Override
public String toString() {
return "PageBean [page=" + page + ", rows=" + rows + ", total=" + total + ", pagination=" + pagination
+ ", parameterMap=" + parameterMap + ", url=" + url + "]";
}}
stringutil
package com.hmf.three.hql;
public class StringUtils {
// 私有的构造方法，保护此类不能在外部实例化
private StringUtils() {
}/**
* 如果字符串等于null或去空格后等于""，则返回true，否则返回false
*
* @param s
* @return
*/
public static boolean isBlank(String s) {
boolean b = false;
if (null == s || s.trim().equals("")) {
b = true;
}
return b;
}
/**
* 如果字符串不等于null或去空格后不等于""，则返回true，否则返回false
*
* @param s
* @return
*/
public static boolean isNotBlank(String s) {
return !isBlank(s);
}}
两种分页的区别
1. BaseDao
需求：
按名字分页查询对应书籍信息
2. 原生sql
hql实现不了的功能，可以考虑使用原生sql
1、多表（5+）联查
2、未配置映射文件中关系
hql分页
BaseDao
int page = 2;// 页码：page
int row = 10;// 每页行数：rows
query.setFirstResult((page - 1) * row);// 设置起始记录下标
query.setMaxResults(row);// 设置返回的最大结果集limit 起始下标，偏移量
BookDao
/*
* hql讲解用到（需要继承BaseDao）
*/
/**
* 没有使用BaseDao之前的代码
* @param book
* @param pageBean
* @return
*/
public List<Book> list(Book book, PageBean pageBean) {
Session session = SessionFactoryUtil.getSession();
Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
String hql = "from Book where 1 = 1";if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(book.getBookName())) {
hql += " and bookName like :bookName";
}Query query = session.createQuery(hql);
if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(book.getBookName())) {
query.setParameter("bookName", book.getBookName());
}if (pageBean != null && pageBean.isPagination()) {
query.setFirstResult(pageBean.getStartIndex());
query.setMaxResults(pageBean.getRows());
}
List<Book> list = query.list();
transaction.commit();
session.close();
return list;}
测试
@Test
public void testList1() {
PageBean pageBean=new PageBean();
pageBean.setRows(3);
Book book=new Book();
// book.setBookName("%圣经%");
List<Book> list=this.bookDao.list(book, pageBean);
for(Book b:list) {
System.out.println(b);
}
// c.getBooks().add(book);
}
原生hql
/**
* 使用原生SQL
* @param book
* @param pageBean
* @return
*/
public List list3(Book book, PageBean pageBean) {
// String sql = "select b.*,o.* from t_hibernate_book b,t_hibernate_Order o";
String sql = "select * from t_hibernate_book";
Session session = SessionFactoryUtil.getSession();
Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
List list = session.createSQLQuery(sql).list();
transaction.commit();
session.close();
return list;
}
@Test
public void testList3() {
PageBean pageBean=new PageBean();
pageBean.setRows(3);
Book book=new Book();
// book.setBookName("%圣经%");
List<Object[]> list=this.bookDao.list3(book, pageBean);
for(Object[] object:list) {
System.out.println(Arrays.toString( object));
}
// c.getBooks().add(book);
}
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