在工作中CentOS7所有方式安装MySQL5，面试必备

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正文

1.创建存放MySQL数据文件和用户

[root@localhost mysql-5.7.41]# mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql/data
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.41]# groupadd -r mysql && useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false -M mysql
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.41]# chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/

2.配置环境变量

[root@localhost mysql-5.7.41]# vi /etc/profile
#最后一行添加
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.41]# source /etc/profile

3.MySQL初始化

[root@localhost mysql-5.7.41]# mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/

4.创建MySQL配置文件

[root@localhost mysql-5.7.41]# vi /etc/my.cnf
#添加一下内容
[mysqld]
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
log-error=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.err

5.将MySQL升级为系统服务

[root@localhost mysql-5.7.41]# cp /usr/local/mysql/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.41]# mkdir /var/run/mysqld/
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.41]# chown mysql:mysql /var/run/mysqld/

6.开启mysql

[root@localhost mysql-5.7.41]# systemctl start mysqld
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.41]# systemctl enable mysqld
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mysqld.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service.

五，测试使用MySQL

1.查看默认密码

[root@localhost ~]# grep password /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.err
2023-03-24T14:45:43.955719Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: kwmstuhmz2+X

2.登录MySQL数据库

[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -pkwmstuhmz2+X
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 7
Server version: 5.7.41

Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

3.密码修改

mysql> alter user root@localhost identified by '123.com';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

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