【实用】如何使用Python对网络设备进行运维？_python 网络运维

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于 2024-04-29 01:44:42 发布

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分类专栏：程序员文章标签：网络 python 运维

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_60388216/article/details/138296987

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代码块3：

把txt文档截取需要的信息，输出到数据库。

import osimport sysimport pymssqlimport datetime#数据库信息host = 'x.x.x.x'user = 'sa'pwd = 'x.x.x.x'db = 'MAC'#登录数据库，并清空[MACF51F]表的内容conn = pymssql.connect(host=host,user=user,password=pwd,database=db,timeout=1,login_timeout=1,charset="utf8")cur = conn.cursor()sqls = "delete from [dbo].[MACF51F]"#数据库表要提前建好cur.execute(sqls)conn.commit()conn.close()today=datetime.date.today().strftime('%Y%m%d')path = "/root/F5/"+todaylist1=os.listdir(path)#读取文件夹下所有txt文件，注意不要放其它文档，否则需要写判定语句。def getid(linea,lineb):    conn = pymssql.connect(host=host,user=user,password=pwd,database=db,timeout=1,login_timeout=1,charset="utf8")  cur = conn.cursor()   sqls1 = "insert into [MACF51F] values('%s','%s','%s')"%(linea,lineb,name)#sql语句插入数据，并命名列  print (sqls)  cur.execute(sqls1)  conn.commit()  conn.close()for txt in list1:  file = open('%s/%s'%(path,txt),'r+')#打开文件夹下的所有文档  name = txt[:-4]  print(txt)  print(name)  for line in file.readlines():    if 'Learned' in line:      if 'More'in line:#截取MAC地址，由于dhcp拉出来的MAC格式为xx-xx-xx-xx-xx-xx，所以我门要把交换机MACXXXX-xxxx-xxxx格式改为统一的        #linea=(line[43:57]).rstrip()        linea=(line[43:45]+'-'+line[45:48]+line[48:50]+'-'+line[50:53]+line[53:55]+'-'+line[55:57]).rstrip()        lineb=(line[84:107]).rstrip()      else:        #linea=(line[0:15]).rstrip()        linea=(line[0:2]+'-'+line[2:5]+line[5:7]+'-'+line[7:10]+line[10:12]+'-'+line[12:14]).rstrip()        lineb=(line[41:65]).rstrip()      print(linea)      print(lineb)      getid(linea,lineb)

代码块4：

抓取两个表中MAC地址一样的信息，并串接成一个表，并做成excel。

import pymssqlimport xlwtimport datetimeworkbook = xlwt.Workbook()today=datetime.date.today().strftime('%Y%m%d')sheet1 = workbook.add_sheet('sheet1',cell_overwrite_ok=True)#定义sheet1sheet1.write(0,0,'HotName')#设置列头的名字0，0代表 0行 0列sheet1.write(0,1,'MACAddress')sheet1.write(0,2,'IPAddress')sheet1.write(0,3,'Port')sheet1.write(0,4,'SwitchName')def exceladd(HotName,MACAddress,IPAddress,Port,SwitchName,index):  sheet1.write(index,0,HotName)  sheet1.write(index,1,MACAddress)  sheet1.write(index,2,IPAddress)  sheet1.write(index,3,Port)  sheet1.write(index,4,SwitchName)host = 'x.x.x.x'user = 'sa'pwd = 'x'db = 'MAC'conn = pymssql.connect(host=host,user=user,password=pwd,database=db,timeout=1,login_timeout=1,charset="utf8")cur = conn.cursor()sqls ="select Hostname,mac,ip,port,Switchname from [dbo].[MACF51F] join [dbo].[DHCPF51F] on MAC = MACADD where Port<>'GigabitEthernet1/0/24' order by Switchname,Port" #SQL命令 24口是上联口 排除cur.execute(sqls)listall = cur.fetchall()#抓取sql输出的每一行信息，并分解保存到excel表中。index = 1for line in listall:  exceladd(line[0],line[1],line[2],line[3],line[4],index)  index += 1conn.commit()conn.close()print ('创建excel文件完成！')workbook.save('/root/F5/%sF51FMAC.xls'%today)#保存excel

代码块5：

发送邮件代码

#coding:utf-8from email.mime.text import MIMETextfrom email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipartimport smtplibimport datetimefrom email import encodersfrom email.mime.image import MIMEImagefrom email.mime.base import MIMEBasetoday=datetime.date.today().strftime('%Y%m%d')def sendmail():      #创建一个带附件的实例  msg = MIMEMultipart()    ctype = 'application/octet-stream'  maintype, subtype = ctype.split('/', 1)  file = MIMEBase(maintype, subtype)  file.set_payload(open(r'/root/F5/%sF51FMAC.xls'%today, 'rb').read())  file.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment', filename='%sF51FMAC.xls'%today)  encoders.encode_base64(file)  msg.attach(file)  #加邮件头  msg_to=['xxx@xxx.com','xx@xxx.com','Klaus.Wang@xx.com','Eric.lai@xx.com']  msg['from'] = 'xxx@xx.com'  msg['subject'] = u"[接入巡检] %s" %today  msg.attach(MIMEText('接入MAC地址记录如附件', 'plain', 'utf-8'))  msg['to'] =','.join(msg_to)#群发需要增加的，隐藏收件人不需要此行，直接调用msg_to就可以  server = smtplib.SMTP()  server.connect('10.17.37.96',25)#SMTP服务器地址  #server.connect('xx.quantacn.com',25)#需要认证的邮件服务器  #server.login('xx@xx.com','xxxxxxx') #XXX为用户名，XXXXX为密码  #server.sendmail(msg['from'], msg['to'],msg.as_string()) 单独一个收件人  server.sendmail(msg['from'], msg['to'].split(','), msg.as_string())#收件人为多个  #server.sendmail(msg['from'], msg_to, msg.as_string())  server.quit()  return '发送成功'print (sendmail())

定期的任务计划：

1、Powershell通过windwos服务器的任务计划每天自动更新DHCP的信息

2、linux服务器通过crontab命令定制python代码的任务计划

成果：

后期会实现异常端口自动shutdown，和异常客户端DHCP拉黑MAC地址。