Android系统-包管理机制(一)PMS服务启动

mFactoryTestMode != FactoryTest.FACTORY_TEST_OFF, mOnlyCore);
// 表示PMS是否首次被启动，这个参数会在WMS创建时使用
mFirstBoot = mPackageManagerService.isFirstBoot();
mPackageManager = mSystemContext.getPackageManager();
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_SYSTEM_SERVER);

if (!mOnlyCore) {
boolean disableOtaDexopt = SystemProperties.getBoolean(“config.disable_otadexopt”,
false);
if (!disableOtaDexopt) {
traceBeginAndSlog(“StartOtaDexOptService”);
try {
OtaDexoptService.main(mSystemContext, mPackageManagerService);
} catch (Throwable e) {
reportWtf(“starting OtaDexOptService”, e);
} finally {
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_SYSTEM_SERVER);
}
}
}

traceBeginAndSlog(“StartUserManagerService”);
mSystemServiceManager.startService(UserManagerService.LifeCycle.class);
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_SYSTEM_SERVER);
AttributeCache.init(mSystemContext);
mActivityManagerService.setSystemProcess();
startSensorService();
}

PMS

构造方法

frameworks/base/services/core/java/com/android/server/pm/PackageManagerService.java

public static PackageManagerService main(Context context, Installer installer,
boolean factoryTest, boolean onlyCore) {
// Self-check for initial settings.
PackageManagerServiceCompilerMapping.checkProperties();
//初始化PMS
PackageManagerService m = new PackageManagerService(context, installer,
factoryTest, onlyCore);
m.enableSystemUserPackages();
//将package服务注册到ServiceManager大管家
ServiceManager.addService(“package”, m);
return m;
}

PMS的构造方法一共有700多行，在代码中，将PMS的构造流程分为了5个阶段，每个阶段会使用EventLog.writeEvent打印系统日志。

1. BOOT_PROGRESS_PMS_START（开始阶段）
2. BOOT_PROGRESS_PMS_SYSTEM_SCAN_START（扫描系统阶段）
3. BOOT_PROGRESS_PMS_DATA_SCAN_START（扫描Data分区阶段）
4. BOOT_PROGRESS_PMS_SCAN_END（扫描结束阶段）
5. BOOT_PROGRESS_PMS_READY（准备阶段）

1、开始阶段

BOOT_PROGRESS_PMS_START

public PackageManagerService(Context context, Installer installer,
boolean factoryTest, boolean onlyCore) {
//打印开始日志
EventLog.writeEvent(EventLogTags.BOOT_PROGRESS_PMS_START,
SystemClock.uptimeMillis());

if (mSdkVersion <= 0) {
Slog.w(TAG, “**** ro.build.version.sdk not set!”);
}

mContext = context;

mPermissionReviewRequired = context.getResources().getBoolean(
R.bool.config_permissionReviewRequired);

mFactoryTest = factoryTest;
mOnlyCore = onlyCore;
//用于存储屏幕的相关信息
mMetrics = new DisplayMetrics();
//创建Settings对象 (1)
mSettings = new Settings(mPackages);
// 添加system, phone, log, nfc, bluetooth, shell这六种shareUserId到mSettings；
mSettings.addSharedUserLPw(“android.uid.system”, Process.SYSTEM_UID,
ApplicationInfo.FLAG_SYSTEM, ApplicationInfo.PRIVATE_FLAG_PRIVILEGED);
mSettings.addSharedUserLPw(“android.uid.phone”, RADIO_UID,
ApplicationInfo.FLAG_SYSTEM, ApplicationInfo.PRIVATE_FLAG_PRIVILEGED);
mSettings.addSharedUserLPw(“android.uid.log”, LOG_UID,
ApplicationInfo.FLAG_SYSTEM, ApplicationInfo.PRIVATE_FLAG_PRIVILEGED);
mSettings.addSharedUserLPw(“android.uid.nfc”, NFC_UID,
ApplicationInfo.FLAG_SYSTEM, ApplicationInfo.PRIVATE_FLAG_PRIVILEGED);
mSettings.addSharedUserLPw(“android.uid.bluetooth”, BLUETOOTH_UID,
ApplicationInfo.FLAG_SYSTEM, ApplicationInfo.PRIVATE_FLAG_PRIVILEGED);
mSettings.addSharedUserLPw(“android.uid.shell”, SHELL_UID,
ApplicationInfo.FLAG_SYSTEM, ApplicationInfo.PRIVATE_FLAG_PRIVILEGED);

…

mInstaller = installer;
//创建Dex优化工具类
mPackageDexOptimizer = new PackageDexOptimizer(installer, mInstallLock, context,
“dexopt”);
mMoveCallbacks = new MoveCallbacks(FgThread.get().getLooper());

mOnPermissionChangeListeners = new OnPermissionChangeListeners(
FgThread.get().getLooper());

getDefaultDisplayMetrics(context, mMetrics);
//得到全局系统配置信息
SystemConfig systemConfig = SystemConfig.getInstance();
//获取全局的groupId
mGlobalGids = systemConfig.getGlobalGids();
//获取系统权限
mSystemPermissions = systemConfig.getSystemPermissions();
mAvailableFeatures = systemConfig.getAvailableFeatures();

mProtectedPackages = new ProtectedPackages(mContext);

//安装APK时需要的锁，保护所有对installd的访问。
synchronized (mInstallLock) {
//更新APK时需要的锁，保护内存中已经解析的包信息等内容
synchronized (mPackages) {
//创建后台线程ServiceThread
mHandlerThread = new ServiceThread(TAG,
Process.THREAD_PRIORITY_BACKGROUND, true /allowIo/);
mHandlerThread.start();
//创建PackageHandler绑定到ServiceThread的消息队列
mHandler = new PackageHandler(mHandlerThread.getLooper());
mProcessLoggingHandler = new ProcessLoggingHandler();
//将PackageHandler添加到Watchdog的检测集中
Watchdog.getInstance().addThread(mHandler, WATCHDOG_TIMEOUT);

mDefaultPermissionPolicy = new DefaultPermissionGrantPolicy(this);

//在Data分区创建一些目录
File dataDir = Environment.getDataDirectory();
mAppInstallDir = new File(dataDir, “app”);
mAppLib32InstallDir = new File(dataDir, “app-lib”);
mEphemeralInstallDir = new File(dataDir, “app-ephemeral”);
mAsecInternalPath = new File(dataDir, “app-asec”).getPath();
mDrmAppPrivateInstallDir = new File(dataDir, “app-private”);
mRegionalizationAppInstallDir = new File(dataDir, “app-regional”);

//创建多用户管理服务
sUserManager = new UserManagerService(context, this, mPackages);

mFoundPolicyFile = SELinuxMMAC.readInstallPolicy();

//解析packages.xml等文件的信息，保存到Settings的对应字段中。packages.xml中记录系统中所有安装的应用信息，包括基本信息、签名和权限。如果packages.xml有安装的应用信息，readLPw方法会返回true，mFirstBoot的值为false，说明PMS不是首次被启动。
mFirstBoot = !mSettings.readLPw(sUserManager.getUsers(false));

在开始阶段，创建了很多PMS中的关键对象并赋值给PMS中的成员变量

mSettings

用于保存所有包的动态设置。

Settings(Object lock) {
this(Environment.getDataDirectory(), lock);
}

Settings(File dataDir, Object lock) {
mLock = lock;

mRuntimePermissionsPersistence = new RuntimePermissionPersistence(mLock);

mSystemDir = new File(dataDir, “system”);
mSystemDir.mkdirs(); //创建/data/system
FileUtils.setPermissions(mSystemDir.toString(),
FileUtils.S_IRWXU|FileUtils.S_IRWXG
|FileUtils.S_IROTH|FileUtils.S_IXOTH,
-1, -1);
mSettingsFilename = new File(mSystemDir, “packages.xml”);
mBackupSettingsFilename = new File(mSystemDir, “packages-backup.xml”);
mPackageListFilename = new File(mSystemDir, “packages.list”);
FileUtils.setPermissions(mPackageListFilename, 0640, SYSTEM_UID, PACKAGE_INFO_GID);

mStoppedPackagesFilename = new File(mSystemDir, “packages-stopped.xml”);
mBackupStoppedPackagesFilename = new File(mSystemDir, “packages-stopped-backup.xml”);
}

此处mSystemDir是指目录/data/system，在该目录有以下5个文件：

文件	功能
packages.xml	记录所有安装app的信息
packages-backup.xml	备份文件
packages-stopped.xml	记录系统被强制停止的文件
packages-stopped-backup.xml	备份文件
packages.list	记录应用的数据信息

mInstaller

Installer继承自SystemService，和PMS、AMS一样是系统的服务(引导服务)，PMS很多的操作都是由Installer来完成的，比如APK的安装和卸载。在Installer内部，通过socket与installd通信，（貌似8.0以上改成了IInstalld和installd进行Binder通信），由位于nativie层的installd来完成具体的操作。

systemConfig

用于得到全局系统配置信息。比如系统的权限就可以通过SystemConfig来获取。

mPackageDexOptimizer

Dex优化的工具类。

mHandler（PackageHandler类型）

PackageHandler继承自Handler，PMS通过PackageHandler驱动APK的复制和安装工作。 PackageHandler处理的消息队列如果过于繁忙，有可能导致系统卡住， 因此将它添加到Watchdog的监测集中。 Watchdog主要有两个用途，一个是定时检测系统关键服务（AMS和WMS等）是否可能发生死锁，还有一个是定时检测线程的消息队列是否长时间处于工作状态（可能阻塞等待了很长时间）。如果出现上述问题，Watchdog会将日志保存起来，必要时还会杀掉自己所在的进程，也就是SystemServer进程。

sUserManager（UserManagerService类型）

多用户管理服务。

2、扫描系统阶段

//打印扫描系统阶段日志
EventLog.writeEvent(EventLogTags.BOOT_PROGRESS_PMS_SYSTEM_SCAN_START,
startTime);

// Set flag to monitor and not change apk file paths when
// scanning install directories.
final int scanFlags = SCAN_NO_PATHS | SCAN_DEFER_DEX | SCAN_BOOTING | SCAN_INITIAL;

final String bootClassPath = System.getenv(“BOOTCLASSPATH”);
final String systemServerClassPath = System.getenv(“SYSTEMSERVERCLASSPATH”);

if (bootClassPath == null) {
Slog.w(TAG, “No BOOTCLASSPATH found!”);
}

if (systemServerClassPath == null) {
Slog.w(TAG, “No SYSTEMSERVERCLASSPATH found!”);
}

final List allInstructionSets = InstructionSets.getAllInstructionSets();
final String[] dexCodeInstructionSets =
getDexCodeInstructionSets(
allInstructionSets.toArray(new String[allInstructionSets.size()]));

/**

• Ensure all external libraries have had dexopt run on them.
  */
  if (mSharedLibraries.size() > 0) {
  // NOTE: For now, we’re compiling these system “shared libraries”
  // (and framework jars) into all available architectures. It’s possible
  // to compile them only when we come across an app that uses them (there’s
  // already logic for that in scanPackageLI) but that adds some complexity.
  for (String dexCodeInstructionSet : dexCodeInstructionSets) {
  for (SharedLibraryEntry libEntry : mSharedLibraries.values()) {
  final String lib = libEntry.path;
  if (lib == null) {
  continue;
  }

try {
// Shared libraries do not have profiles so we perform a full
// AOT compilation (if needed).
int dexoptNeeded = DexFile.getDexOptNeeded(
lib, dexCodeInstructionSet,
getCompilerFilterForReason(REASON_SHARED_APK),
false /* newProfile */);
if (dexoptNeeded != DexFile.NO_DEXOPT_NEEDED) {
mInstaller.dexopt(lib, Process.SYSTEM_UID, dexCodeInstructionSet,
dexoptNeeded, DEXOPT_PUBLIC /dexFlags/,
getCompilerFilterForReason(REASON_SHARED_APK),
StorageManager.UUID_PRIVATE_INTERNAL,
SKIP_SHARED_LIBRARY_CHECK);
}
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
Slog.w(TAG, "Library not found: " + lib);
} catch (IOException | InstallerException e) {
Slog.w(TAG, "Cannot dexopt " + lib + "; is it an APK or JAR? "

• e.getMessage());
  }
  }
  }
  }

//在/system中创建framework目录
File frameworkDir = new File(Environment.getRootDirectory(), “framework”);

final VersionInfo ver = mSettings.getInternalVersion();
mIsUpgrade = !Build.FINGERPRINT.equals(ver.fingerprint);

// when upgrading from pre-M, promote system app permissions from install to runtime
mPromoteSystemApps =
mIsUpgrade && ver.sdkVersion <= Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP_MR1;

// When upgrading from pre-N, we need to handle package extraction like first boot,
// as there is no profiling data available.
mIsPreNUpgrade = mIsUpgrade && ver.sdkVersion < Build.VERSION_CODES.N;

mIsPreNMR1Upgrade = mIsUpgrade && ver.sdkVersion < Build.VERSION_CODES.N_MR1;

// save off the names of pre-existing system packages prior to scanning; we don’t
// want to automatically grant runtime permissions for new system apps
if (mPromoteSystemApps) {
Iterator pkgSettingIter = mSettings.mPackages.values().iterator();
while (pkgSettingIter.hasNext()) {
PackageSetting ps = pkgSettingIter.next();
if (isSystemApp(ps)) {
mExistingSystemPackages.add(ps.name);
}
}
}

// Collect vendor overlay packages. (Do this before scanning any apps.)
// For security and version matching reason, only consider
// overlay packages if they reside in the right directory.
String overlayThemeDir = SystemProperties.get(VENDOR_OVERLAY_THEME_PROPERTY);
//扫描/vendor/overlay目录下的文件
if (!overlayThemeDir.isEmpty()) {
scanDirTracedLI(new File(VENDOR_OVERLAY_DIR, overlayThemeDir), mDefParseFlags
| PackageParser.PARSE_IS_SYSTEM
| PackageParser.PARSE_IS_SYSTEM_DIR
| PackageParser.PARSE_TRUSTED_OVERLAY, scanFlags | SCAN_TRUSTED_OVERLAY, 0);
}
scanDirTracedLI(new File(VENDOR_OVERLAY_DIR), mDefParseFlags
| PackageParser.PARSE_IS_SYSTEM
| PackageParser.PARSE_IS_SYSTEM_DIR
| PackageParser.PARSE_TRUSTED_OVERLAY, scanFlags | SCAN_TRUSTED_OVERLAY, 0);

// Find base frameworks (resource packages without code).
//收集包名：/system/framework
scanDirTracedLI(frameworkDir, mDefParseFlags
| PackageParser.PARSE_IS_SYSTEM
| PackageParser.PARSE_IS_SYSTEM_DIR
| PackageParser.PARSE_IS_PRIVILEGED,
scanFlags | SCAN_NO_DEX, 0);

// Collected privileged system packages.
//收集私有的系统包名：/system/priv-app
final File privilegedAppDir = new File(Environment.getRootDirectory(), “priv-app”);
scanDirTracedLI(privilegedAppDir, mDefParseFlags
| PackageParser.PARSE_IS_SYSTEM
| PackageParser.PARSE_IS_SYSTEM_DIR
| PackageParser.PARSE_IS_PRIVILEGED, scanFlags, 0);

// Collect ordinary system packages.
//收集一般的系统包名：/system/app
final File systemAppDir = new File(Environment.getRootDirectory(), “app”);
scanDirTracedLI(systemAppDir, mDefParseFlags
| PackageParser.PARSE_IS_SYSTEM
| PackageParser.PARSE_IS_SYSTEM_DIR, scanFlags, 0);

// Collect all vendor packages.
//收集所有的供应商包名：/vendor/app
File vendorAppDir = new File(“/vendor/app”);
try {
vendorAppDir = vendorAppDir.getCanonicalFile();
} catch (IOException e) {
// failed to look up canonical path, continue with original one
}
scanDirTracedLI(vendorAppDir, mDefParseFlags
| PackageParser.PARSE_IS_SYSTEM
| PackageParser.PARSE_IS_SYSTEM_DIR, scanFlags, 0);

// Collect all OEM packages.
//收集所有OEM包名：/oem/app
final File oemAppDir = new File(Environment.getOemDirectory(), “app”);
scanDirTracedLI(oemAppDir, mDefParseFlags
| PackageParser.PARSE_IS_SYSTEM
| PackageParser.PARSE_IS_SYSTEM_DIR, scanFlags, 0);

// Collect all Regionalization packages form Carrier’s res packages.
if (RegionalizationEnvironment.isSupported()) {
Log.d(TAG, “Load Regionalization vendor apks”);
final List RegionalizationDirs =
RegionalizationEnvironment.getAllPackageDirectories();
for (File f : RegionalizationDirs) {
File RegionalizationSystemDir = new File(f, “system”);
// Collect packages in /system/priv-app
scanDirLI(new File(RegionalizationSystemDir, “priv-app”),
PackageParser.PARSE_IS_SYSTEM | PackageParser.PARSE_IS_SYSTEM_DIR
| PackageParser.PARSE_IS_PRIVILEGED, scanFlags, 0);
// Collect packages in /system/app
scanDirLI(new File(RegionalizationSystemDir, “app”),
PackageParser.PARSE_IS_SYSTEM | PackageParser.PARSE_IS_SYSTEM_DIR,
scanFlags, 0);
// Collect overlay in /system/vendor
scanDirLI(new File(RegionalizationSystemDir, “vendor/overlay”),
PackageParser.PARSE_IS_SYSTEM | PackageParser.PARSE_IS_SYSTEM_DIR,
scanFlags | SCAN_TRUSTED_OVERLAY, 0);
}
}

// Prune any system packages that no longer exist.
// 这个列表代表有可能有升级包的系统App
final List possiblyDeletedUpdatedSystemApps = new ArrayList();
if (!mOnlyCore) {
Iterator psit = mSettings.mPackages.values().iterator();
while (psit.hasNext()) {
PackageSetting ps = psit.next();

/*

• If this is not a system app, it can’t be a
• disable system app.
  */
  if ((ps.pkgFlags & ApplicationInfo.FLAG_SYSTEM) == 0) {
  continue;
  }

/*

• If the package is scanned, it’s not erased.
  /
  final PackageParser.Package scannedPkg = mPackages.get(ps.name);
  if (scannedPkg != null) {
  /
• If the system app is both scanned and in the
• disabled packages list, then it must have been
• added via OTA. Remove it from the currently
• scanned package so the previously user-installed
• application can be scanned.
  */
  if (mSettings.isDisabledSystemPackageLPr(ps.name)) { //1
  logCriticalInfo(Log.WARN, "Expecting better updated system app for "

• ps.name + “; removing system app. Last known codePath=”
• ps.codePathString + “, installStatus=” + ps.installStatus
• “, versionCode=” + ps.versionCode + “; scanned versionCode=”
• scannedPkg.mVersionCode);
  //将这个系统App的PackageSetting从PMS的mPackages中移除
  removePackageLI(scannedPkg, true);
  //将升级包的路径添加到mExpectingBetter列表中

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