【优化求解】模拟退火算法求解通信网频率规划问题matlab源码

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于 2021-06-29 22:20:45 首次发布

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模拟退火(SA,Simulated Annealing)思想

爬山法是完完全全的贪心法，每次都鼠目寸光的选择一个当前最优解，因此只能搜索到局部的最优值。模拟退火其实也是一种贪心算法，但是它的搜索过程引入了随机因素。模拟退火算法以一定的概率来接受一个比当前解要差的解，因此有可能会跳出这个局部的最优解，达到全局的最优解。以图1为例，模拟退火算法在搜索到局部最优解A后，会以一定的概率接受到E的移动。也许经过几次这样的不是局部最优的移动后会到达D点，于是就跳出了局部最大值A。

模拟退火算法描述：

若J( Y(i+1) )>= J( Y(i) ) (即移动后得到更优解)，则总是接受该移动
若J( Y(i+1) )< J( Y(i) ) (即移动后的解比当前解要差)，则以一定的概率接受移动，而且这个概率随着时间推移逐渐降低(逐渐降低才能趋向稳定)

　　这里的“一定的概率”的计算参考了金属冶炼的退火过程，这也是模拟退火算法名称的由来。

　　根据热力学的原理，在温度为T时，出现能量差为Δt的降温的概率为P(Δt)，表示为：

P(Δt) = e(- Δt/(kT) )

　　其中k是一个常数，e表示自然指数，且Δt<0。这条公式说白了就是：温度越高(T越大)，出现一次能量差为Δt的降温的概率就越大；温度越低(T越小)，则出现降温的概率就越小。又由于Δt总是小于0(否则就不叫退火了)，因此Δt/kT < 0 ，所以P(Δt)的函数取值范围是(0,1) 。随着温度T的降低，P(Δt)会逐渐降低。

``` function varargout = simulatedannealinggui(varargin) % SIMULATEDANNEALINGGUI M-file for simulatedannealinggui.fig % SIMULATEDANNEALINGGUI, by itself, creates a new SIMULATEDANNEALINGGUI or raises the existing % singleton*. % % H = SIMULATEDANNEALINGGUI returns the handle to a new SIMULATEDANNEALINGGUI or the handle to % the existing singleton*. % % SIMULATEDANNEALINGGUI('CALLBACK',hObject,eventData,handles,...) calls the local % function named CALLBACK in SIMULATEDANNEALINGGUI.M with the given input arguments. % % SIMULATEDANNEALINGGUI('Property','Value',...) creates a new SIMULATEDANNEALINGGUI or raises the % existing singleton*. Starting from the left, property value pairs are % applied to the GUI before simulatedannealingguiOpeningFunction gets called. An % unrecognized property name or invalid value makes property application % stop. All inputs are passed to simulatedannealinggui_OpeningFcn via varargin. % % *See GUI Options on GUIDE's Tools menu. Choose "GUI allows only one % instance to run (singleton)". % % See also: GUIDE, GUIDATA, GUIHANDLES

% Edit the above text to modify the response to help simulatedannealing_gui

% Last Modified by GUIDE v2.5 17-Jun-2008 15:12:50

% Begin initialization code - DO NOT EDIT guiSingleton = 1; guiState = struct('guiName', mfilename, ... 'guiSingleton', guiSingleton, ... 'guiOpeningFcn', @simulatedannealingguiOpeningFcn, ... 'guiOutputFcn', @simulatedannealingguiOutputFcn, ... 'guiLayoutFcn', [] , ... 'guiCallback', []); if nargin && ischar(varargin{1}) guiState.gui_Callback = str2func(varargin{1}); end

if nargout [varargout{1:nargout}] = guimainfcn(guiState, varargin{:}); else guimainfcn(guiState, varargin{:}); end % End initialization code - DO NOT EDIT

% --- Executes just before simulatedannealinggui is made visible. function simulatedannealingguiOpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, varargin) % This function has no output args, see OutputFcn. % hObject handle to figure % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) % varargin command line arguments to simulatedannealinggui (see VARARGIN)

% Choose default command line output for simulatedannealing_gui handles.output = hObject;

% Update handles structure guidata(hObject, handles);

% UIWAIT makes simulatedannealing_gui wait for user response (see UIRESUME) % uiwait(handles.figure1);

% --- Outputs from this function are returned to the command line. function varargout = simulatedannealingguiOutputFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) % varargout cell array for returning output args (see VARARGOUT); % hObject handle to figure % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Get default command line output from handles structure varargout{1} = handles.output;

function edit1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to edit1 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit1 as text % str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit1 as a double

% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties. function edit1_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to edit1 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows. % See ISPC and COMPUTER. if ispc set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white'); else set(hObject,'BackgroundColor',get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor')); end

function edit2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to edit2 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit2 as text % str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit2 as a double

% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties. function edit2_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to edit2 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

function edit3_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to edit3 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit3 as text % str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit3 as a double

% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties. function edit3_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to edit3 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

function edit4_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to edit4 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit4 as text % str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit4 as a double

% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties. function edit4_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to edit4 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

function edit6_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to edit6 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit6 as text % str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit6 as a double

% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties. function edit6_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to edit6 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

function edit7_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to edit7 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit7 as text % str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit7 as a double

% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties. function edit7_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to edit7 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

function edit8_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to edit8 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit8 as text % str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit8 as a double

% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties. function edit8_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to edit8 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

function edit9_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to edit9 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit9 as text % str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit9 as a double

% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties. function edit9_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to edit9 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

function edit10_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to edit10 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit10 as text % str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit10 as a double

% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties. function edit10_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to edit10 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

function edit11_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to edit11 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit11 as text % str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit11 as a double

% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties. function edit11_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to edit11 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton1. function pushbutton1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to pushbutton1 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

global N global coordinate

ha=findobj('tag','edit1'); N=str2num(get(ha,'string'));

coordinate=rand(2,N)*200

x=coordinate(1,:); y=coordinate(2,:); axes(handles.axes2); plot(x,y,'.'); set(handles.axes2,'XMinorTick','on'); grid on; hold off;

% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton2. function pushbutton2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to pushbutton2 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

ylabel('适应度值'); function edit12_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to edit12 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit12 as text % str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit12 as a double

% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties. function edit12_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to edit12 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

function edit13_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to edit13 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit13 as text % str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit13 as a double

% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties. function edit13_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to edit13 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

function edit14_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to edit14 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit14 as text % str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit14 as a double

% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties. function edit14_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to edit14 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

function edit15_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to edit15 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit15 as text % str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit15 as a double

% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties. function edit15_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to edit15 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

function edit16_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to edit16 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit16 as text % str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit16 as a double

% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties. function edit16_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to edit16 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

function edit17_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to edit17 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit17 as text % str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit17 as a double

% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties. function edit17_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to edit17 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton3. function pushbutton3Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to pushbutton3 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) global N global temperature global iterations global k global completetemperatureiterations global EEold global coordinate global Locationfrequency global et global frequency_planning

set(handles.edit12,'string',num2str(temperature)); set(handles.edit13,'string',num2str(iterations)); set(handles.edit15,'string',num2str(completetemperatureiterations)); set(handles.edit16,'string',num2str(EEold)); set(handles.edit17,'string',num2str(et));

for i=1:N j=frequency_planning(4,i); text(coordinate(1,i),coordinate(2,i),['',num2str(j)],'fontsize',14,'fontweight','bold'); end

% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.

% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties. function axes2_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to axes2 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

% Hint: place code in OpeningFcn to populate axes2

% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton4. function pushbutton4_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to pushbutton4 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

global EEE

global iterations

x=1:1:iterations;

plot(x,EEE);

xlabel('üú');

ylabel('±ê');

% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton5. function pushbutton5_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to pushbutton5 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton6. function pushbutton6Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to pushbutton6 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) global N global frequencyplanning global coordinate

x=coordinate(1,:); y=coordinate(2,:); axes(handles.axes2); plot(x,y,'.'); set(handles.axes2,'XMinorTick','on'); grid on;

for i=1:N j=frequency_planning(3,i); text(coordinate(1,i),coordinate(2,i),['',num2str(j)],'fontsize',14,'fontweight','bold'); end ```