一文搞懂C++泛型编程，面试题分享

template或template

class 类名{private: T a;};

注意事项:

模板类是一个抽象类,定义对象时需要参数类型的传入

具体实现如下:

#include

using namespace std;

template

class A {

public:

void seta(T &a) {

this->a = a;

}

void printA() {

cout << this->a << endl;

}

protected:

T a;

};

int main() {

int x = 888;

A a1;

a1.seta(x);

a1.printA();

char xx = ‘x’;

A a2;

a2.seta(xx);

a2.printA();

return 0;

}

② 模板类被具体类继承:

基本语法:

定义: class 具体类名 :public 模板类名<参数类型>{};

继承后的操作与普通类之间继承一样;

实现方法如下:

#include

using namespace std;

template

class A {

public:

void seta(T &a) {

this->a = a;

}

void printA() {

cout << this->a << endl;

}

protected:

T a;

};

class B :public A {

private:

int b;

public:

void setb(int b) {

this->b = b;

}

void printB() {

cout << this->b << endl;

}

};

int main() {

int x = 888;

B b1;

b1.setb(999);

b1.printB();

b1.seta(x);

b1.printA();

return 0;

}

③ 模板类被模板类继承

类继承:

基本语法:

template

class 模板类名 :public 基类模板类名{ };

具体实现方法:

#include

using namespace std;

template

class A {

public:

void seta(T &a) {

this->a = a;

}

void printA() {

cout << this->a << endl;

}

protected:

T a;

};

template

class C :public A {//----------语法所在地

private:

T c;

public:

void setC(T &c) {

this->c = c;

}

void printC() {

cout << this->c << endl;

}

};

class B :public A