【春招必备】Java面试题，面试加分项，从jvm层面了解线程的启动和停止

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线程的启动的实现原理

线程停止的实现原理分析

为什么中断线程会抛出InterruptedException

线程的启动原理

前面我们简单分析过了线程的使用，通过调用线程的start方法来启动线程，线程启动后会调用run方法执行业务逻辑，run方法执行完毕后，线程的生命周期也就终止了。

很多同学最早学习线程的时候会比较疑惑，启动一个线程为什么是调用start方法，而不是run方法，这做一个简单的分析，先简单看一下start方法的定义

public class Thread implements Runnable {

public synchronized void start() {

/**

• This method is not invoked for the main method thread or “system”

• group threads created/set up by the VM. Any new functionality added

• to this method in the future may have to also be added to the VM.

• A zero status value corresponds to state “NEW”.

*/

if (threadStatus != 0)

throw new IllegalThreadStateException();

/* Notify the group that this thread is about to be started

• so that it can be added to the group’s list of threads

• and the group’s unstarted count can be decremented. */

group.add(this);

boolean started = false;

try {

start0(); //注意这里

started = true;

} finally {

try {

if (!started) {

group.threadStartFailed(this);

}

} catch (Throwable ignore) {

/* do nothing. If start0 threw a Throwable then

it will be passed up the call stack */

}

}

}

private native void start0();//注意这里

我们看到调用start方法实际上是调用一个native方法start0()来启动一个线程，首先start0()这个方法是在Thread的静态块中来注册的，代码如下

public class Thread implements Runnable {

/* Make sure registerNatives is the first thing does. */

private static native void registerNatives();

static {

registerNatives();

}

这个registerNatives的作用是注册一些本地方法提供给Thread类来使用，比如start0()、isAlive()、currentThread()、sleep()；这些都是大家很熟悉的方法。

registerNatives的本地方法的定义在文件 Thread.c,

Thread.c定义了各个操作系统平台要用的关于线程的公共数据和操作，以下是Thread.c的全部内容

static JNINativeMethod methods[] = {

{“start0”, “()V”, (void *)&JVM_StartThread},

{“stop0”, “(” OBJ “)V”, (void *)&JVM_StopThread},

{“isAlive”, “()Z”, (void *)&JVM_IsThreadAlive},

{“suspend0”, “()V”, (void *)&JVM_SuspendThread},

{“resume0”, “()V”, (void *)&JVM_ResumeThread},

{“setPriority0”, “(I)V”, (void *)&JVM_SetThreadPriority},

{“yield”, “()V”, (void *)&JVM_Yield},

{“sleep”, “(J)V”, (void *)&JVM_Sleep},

{“currentThread”, “()” THD, (void *)&JVM_CurrentThread},

{“countStackFrames”, “()I”, (void *)&JVM_CountStackFrames},

{“interrupt0”, “()V”, (void *)&JVM_Interrupt},

{“isInterrupted”, “(Z)Z”, (void *)&JVM_IsInterrupted},

{“holdsLock”, “(” OBJ “)Z”, (void *)&JVM_HoldsLock},

{“getThreads”, “()[” THD, (void *)&JVM_GetAllThreads},

{“dumpThreads”, “([” THD “)[[” STE, (void *)&JVM_DumpThreads},

{“setNativeName”, “(” STR “)V”, (void *)&JVM_SetNativeThreadName},

};

#undef THD

#undef OBJ