[C语言]C语言实现三子棋

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一.前言

三子棋，俗称井字棋，是博主小时候经常和同学玩的一种游戏，作为一种规则简单的游戏，今天尝试用C语言来实现它

本文使用模块化编程来实现三子棋

test.c                           测试游戏逻辑

game.c                        实现游戏代码

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二.游戏原理&逻辑

1.游戏原理

三子棋顾名思义，让三颗子连在一起来取得游戏的胜利。

2.游戏逻辑

1.列出游戏菜单：进入游戏和退出游戏。

2.玩家下棋，电脑下棋直到决出胜负。

3.判断输赢。（玩家胜、电脑胜、平局）

4.回到菜单，再次进行选择

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三.代码实现

1.打印菜单

游戏菜单应该实现这几个功能：

1. 进入游戏
2. 退出游戏
3. 输入异常

void menu()
{
	printf("*****************************\n");
	printf("********  1. play   *********\n");
	printf("********  0. exit   *********\n");
	printf("*****************************\n");
}
int main()
{
	int input = 0;
	srand((unsigned int)time(NULL));//用时间戳作为随机数
	do
	{
		menu();
		printf("请选择:>");
		scanf("%d", &input);//1 0 4
		switch (input)
		{
		case 1:
			game();
			break;
		case 0:
			printf("退出游戏\n");
			break;
		default:
			printf("选择错误，重新选择!\n");
			break;
		}
	} while (input);

	return 0;
}

2.数组初始化

在游戏过程中，我们选择用二维数组来实现对三子棋坐标的表示

在开始游戏之前，我们要先对游戏进行初始化

//初始化棋盘为空格
void InitBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
	int i = 0;
	for (i = 0; i < row; i++)
	{
		int j = 0;
		for (j = 0; j < col; j++)
		{
			board[i][j] = ' ';
		}
	}
}

3.打印棋盘

void DisplayBoard(char board[ROWS][COLS], int row, int col)
{
	int  i = 0;
	printf("--------扫雷游戏-------\n");
	for (i = 0; i <= col; i++)
	{
		printf("%d ", i);
	}
	printf("\n");
	for (i = 1; i <= row; i++)
	{
		printf("%d ", i);
		int j = 0;
		for (j = 1; j <= col; j++)
		{
			printf("%c ", board[i][j]);
		}
		printf("\n");
	}
}

4.开始下棋

下棋分为玩家下棋和电脑下棋，由于技术有限，无法实现和AI对弈，本人采用随机数让电脑随机落子

void PlayerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
    int x = 0;
    int y = 0;
    printf("玩家下棋>:\n");
    while (1)
    {
        printf("请输入下棋的坐标，中间使用空格>:");
        scanf("%d %d", &x, &y);
        if (x >= 1 && x <= row && y >= 1 && y <= col)
        {
            if (board[x-1][y-1] == ' ')
            {
                board[x - 1][y - 1] = '*';
                break;
            }
            else
            {
                printf("坐标被占有，不能落子，重新输入坐标\n");
            }
        }
        else
        {
            printf("坐标非法，重新输入\n");
        }
    }
}

void ComputerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
    int x = 0;//0~row-1
    int y = 0;//0~col-1

    printf("电脑下棋:>\n");

    while (1)
    {
        x = rand() % row;
        y = rand() % col;
        if (board[x][y] == ' ')
        {
            board[x][y] = '#';
            break;
        }
    }
}

5.判断棋盘是否已满

int IsFull(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
    int i = 0;
    for (i = 0; i < row; i++)
    {
        int j = 0;
        for (j = 0; j < col; j++)
        {
            if (board[i][j] == ' ')
            {
                return 0;
            }
        }
    }
    return 1;
}

6.判断输赢 

char isWin(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
    //赢
    //行
    int i = 0;
    for (i = 0; i < row; i++)
    {
        if (board[i][0] == board[i][1] && board[i][1] == board[i][2] && board[i][0] != ' ')
        {
            return board[i][0];
        }
    }
    //列
    for (i = 0; i < col; i++)
    {
        if (board[0][i] == board[1][i] && board[1][i] == board[2][i] && board[0][i] != ' ')
        {
            return board[0][i];
        }
    }
    //对角线
    if (board[0][0] == board[1][1] && board[1][1] == board[2][2] && board[1][1] != ' ')
        return board[1][1];
    if (board[0][2] == board[1][1] && board[1][1] == board[2][0] && board[1][1] != ' ')
        return board[1][1];

    //平局
    if (IsFull(board, row, col) == 1)
    {
        return 'Q';
    }
    //继续
    return 'C';
}

 四、实现功能

在各个功能所需要的方法都写出来后，我们要让它能跑起来，可以下棋

通过主函数来实现各个功能

#include <stdio.h>
#include "game.h"


void menu(){
        printf("*****************************\n");
        printf("********  1. play   *********\n");
        printf("********  0. exit   *********\n");
        printf("*****************************\n");
}
void game() {
    char board[ROW][COL] = {0};
    initBoard(board, ROW, COL);
    //打印棋盘
    DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL);
    char ret = 0;
    while (1)
    {
        //玩家下棋
        PlayerMove(board, ROW, COL);
        DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL);
        //判断输赢
        ret = isWin(board, ROW, COL);
        if (ret != 'C')
            break;
        //电脑下棋
        ComputerMove(board, ROW, COL);
        DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL);
        //判断输赢
        ret = isWin(board, ROW, COL);
        if (ret != 'C')
            break;
    }
    if (ret == '*')
        printf("玩家赢\n");
    else if (ret == '#')
        printf("电脑赢\n");
    else
        printf("平局\n");
}
int main() {
    int input = 0;
    do{
        menu();
        printf("请选择:>");
        scanf("%d" , &input);
        switch (input) {
            case 1:
                game();
                break;
            case 0:
                break;
            default:
                printf("选择错误，请重新选择\n");
                break;
        }
    } while (input);
}

五、代码运行

那么接下来就到了见证奇迹的时刻了。

 

整体代码：

game.h

//
// Created by cocoban on 23-06-03.
//

#ifndef HOMEWORK12_GAME_H
#define HOMEWORK12_GAME_H
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <time.h>
#define ROW 3
#define COL 3
//初始化棋盘
void initBoard(char board[ROW][COL],int row,int col);
//打印棋盘
void DisplayBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
//玩家下棋
void PlayerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
//电脑下棋
void ComputerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
char isWin(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
#endif //HOMEWORK12_GAME_H

game.c

//
// Created by cocoban on 23-06-03.
//
#include "game.h"
void initBoard(char board[ROW][COL],int row,int col){
    for (int i = 0; i < row; ++i) {
        for (int j = 0; j < col; ++j) {
            board[i][j] = ' ';
        }
    }
}
void DisplayBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col){
    for (int i = 0; i < row; ++i) {
        for (int j = 0; j < col; ++j) {
            printf(" %c " ,board[i][j]);
            if(j != col -1 )
                printf("%c",'|');
        }
        printf("\n");
        if (i < row - 1)
        {
            //printf("---|---|---\n");
            int j = 0;
            for (j = 0; j < col; j++)
            {
                printf("---");
                if(j<col-1)
                    printf("|");
            }
            printf("\n");
        }
    }
}

void PlayerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
    int x = 0;
    int y = 0;
    printf("玩家下棋>:\n");
    while (1)
    {
        printf("请输入下棋的坐标，中间使用空格>:");
        scanf("%d %d", &x, &y);
        if (x >= 1 && x <= row && y >= 1 && y <= col)
        {
            if (board[x-1][y-1] == ' ')
            {
                board[x - 1][y - 1] = '*';
                break;
            }
            else
            {
                printf("坐标被占有，不能落子，重新输入坐标\n");
            }
        }
        else
        {
            printf("坐标非法，重新输入\n");
        }
    }
}

void ComputerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
    int x = 0;//0~row-1
    int y = 0;//0~col-1

    printf("电脑下棋:>\n");

    while (1)
    {
        x = rand() % row;
        y = rand() % col;
        if (board[x][y] == ' ')
        {
            board[x][y] = '#';
            break;
        }
    }
}

int IsFull(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
    int i = 0;
    for (i = 0; i < row; i++)
    {
        int j = 0;
        for (j = 0; j < col; j++)
        {
            if (board[i][j] == ' ')
            {
                return 0;
            }
        }
    }
    return 1;
}

char isWin(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
    //赢
    //行
    int i = 0;
    for (i = 0; i < row; i++)
    {
        if (board[i][0] == board[i][1] && board[i][1] == board[i][2] && board[i][0] != ' ')
        {
            return board[i][0];
        }
    }
    //列
    for (i = 0; i < col; i++)
    {
        if (board[0][i] == board[1][i] && board[1][i] == board[2][i] && board[0][i] != ' ')
        {
            return board[0][i];
        }
    }
    //对角线
    if (board[0][0] == board[1][1] && board[1][1] == board[2][2] && board[1][1] != ' ')
        return board[1][1];
    if (board[0][2] == board[1][1] && board[1][1] == board[2][0] && board[1][1] != ' ')
        return board[1][1];

    //平局
    if (IsFull(board, row, col) == 1)
    {
        return 'Q';
    }
    //继续
    return 'C';
}

main.c

#include <stdio.h>
#include "game.h"


void menu(){
        printf("*****************************\n");
        printf("********  1. play   *********\n");
        printf("********  0. exit   *********\n");
        printf("*****************************\n");
}
void game() {
    char board[ROW][COL] = {0};
    initBoard(board, ROW, COL);
    //打印棋盘
    DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL);
    char ret = 0;
    while (1)
    {
        //玩家下棋
        PlayerMove(board, ROW, COL);
        DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL);
        //判断输赢
        ret = isWin(board, ROW, COL);
        if (ret != 'C')
            break;
        //电脑下棋
        ComputerMove(board, ROW, COL);
        DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL);
        //判断输赢
        ret = isWin(board, ROW, COL);
        if (ret != 'C')
            break;
    }
    if (ret == '*')
        printf("玩家赢\n");
    else if (ret == '#')
        printf("电脑赢\n");
    else
        printf("平局\n");
}
int main() {
    int input = 0;
    do{
        menu();
        printf("请选择:>");
        scanf("%d" , &input);
        switch (input) {
            case 1:
                game();
                break;
            case 0:
                break;
            default:
                printf("选择错误，请重新选择\n");
                break;
        }
    } while (input);
}