晓燕长难句笔记——状语和状语从句

一.形容词和副词能够充当的成分

1.形容词放在系动词后面做表语,放在名词前做定语。

2.副词: 修饰实义动词/形容词/副词/整个句子。 副词无论放在哪里都是做状语

二.什么是状语

1.状语的含义:状语在一句话当中除了名词不能修饰,其他什么成分都可以修饰。

2.状语的成分:副词做状语。介词短语做状语。非谓语动词做状语。从句做状语。

3.状语的位置:随便放

4.状语从句的引导词是按照引导词本身的意思分类,一共把引导词分成9类:

时间状语从句:when=while=as (当……的时候),before(以前),after(以后),since(自从)

I have fallen in love with you since i met you.,the moment=as soon as (一……就),by the time (到……为止),until(直到……才)

状语从句的时态问题

当爱来临的时候,我要牵住他的手。

When romance comes , I will hold her hands.

在所有的状语从句中,如果主句的动作和从句的动作都尚未发生的话,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时表示将来。

当爱来临的时候,我没有牵到他的手。

When love came ,I failed to hold her hands.

三.区别 until 和 not ……until

I will wait here until you come

I will not leave until you come

区别在于看主句的谓语动词是延续性动词还是瞬间动词,如果是个延续性动词,就用until,如何是瞬间动词就用 not……until

直到我长大,我才意识到母亲的伟大

I didn’t realize the greatness of mothers until I grew up.

四.when 引导的时间状语从句省略的情况

When I was a kid , I enjoy singing songs.

When 引导的时间状语从句,如果主句的主语和从句的主语一致,并且从句的谓语中有be动词,此时,从句的主语和be动词可以同时省略。

地点状语从句: where

这种树在潮湿的地方生长的很好

The kind of trees grow well in moist places.

做地点状语的通常都是介词短语,很少是从句。

原因状语从句:1)because , as , since , in that , seeing that , considering that , now that , given that

2)for

3)because of , due to , owing to , thanks to , for the sake of , as a result of

因为他粗心,他出了一场事故。

He had a car accident because he was careless.

He had a car accident for he was careless.

He had a car accident because of his carelessness.

目的状语从句:1)to , in order to , so as to

2)so that(so that 表示目的,通常放在句末,不放在句首) , in order that

为了看的更远,我们爬的更高。

We will ascend higher in order to overlook farther/further

结果状语从句:so…that(so后面需要加形容词或副词) ,such…that (such 后面加名词)如此,以至于

今天是如此的热,以至于我都穿上了裙子。

It feels so hot today that i wear a dress.

我妈妈是如此的善良,以至于她被所有老板尊重

My mom proves so kind that she is respected by all her staf.

So …that = very very+adj+adv 作文中只要出现形容词或副词的地方,都可以写成so…that的情况。

让步状语从句:although , though , even though , even if , as , while 虽然,尽管

as的部分倒装

as引导的让步状语从句,从句的表语可以放在句首,构成部分倒装

虽然这个图表看起来很简单,他背后的观点是非常深刻的,国产车越来越受到国人的欢迎。

Simple as the chart looks,the outlook behind proves far-reaching ——national products become increasingly popular with Chinese customers .

养宠物可以培养孩子的耐心,虽然他们可能会对家人或者邻居造成危害

Raising pets can cultivate the loving heart of kinds although they might be injurious to their families or neighbors.

方式状语从句: as , the way , as if/though. 好像,似乎

方式状语: By/through/by means of/ in….way/manner

她看起来就像用冰做的一样

She looks as if she were made of ice.

她和我说话就好像她是我妈一样

She talks with me as if she were my mother.

条件状语从句: suppose that , supposing that , if , unless , provided that , as long as , so long as

只要有一丝希望,我也不会放弃.

As long as there seems a ghost of hope ,I will never give up.

比较状语从句: as…as…/比较结构 than

你看起来像我一样漂亮。

You are as beautiful as I am beautiful.

你看起来比我漂亮.

You are more beautiful for than I .

六.状语和状语从句的考点分析

1.写作:作文中任何一句话的旁边都可以给他加一个状语的成分把句子拉长。

你可以像猪一样生活,但是你永远不会像猪一样快乐。

One can live as if he were a pig.conversely , he can never be as delighted as a pig.

2.状语和状语从句的长难句分析

能够快速的识别一句话当中的状语成分,并且把它们通顺的翻译出来,那如何识别状语呢?一句话当中除了句子的主干和定语以外,其他的部分都可以认为是状语。在句子中见到以下的一坨东西就一定是状语:

1)副词 比较 条件 结果 原因 让步 目的 方式 伴随

在分析长难句的时候见到n+时间/地点,就需要区别定语还是状语了

I love a boy in Zhejiang University.

如果无法确定是定语还是状语的时候,定语优先原则。,只有翻译成定语读起来巨恶心无比的时候才翻译成状语。

从句和动词不定式充当主语,通常都把他们放到句末去,加it来作形式主语。

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