uCOS之任务

 一、任务的组成

一个任务由三个组成部分组成：任务程序代码、任务堆栈、任务控制块组成 

 

为了方便管理、ucos 把每一个任务看作一个节点，把它们链接成如图的任务链表：

 二、任务状态

嵌入式系统只有一个CPU，一个时刻只能有一个任务占据cpu，根据任务是否占据CPU，可以将任务划分成5种状态：

睡眠状态、就绪状态、运行状态、等待状态、中断服务状态

 任务在不同状态之间的转换图：

创建任务代码：

/*
*********************************************************************************************************
*                                            CREATE A TASK
*
* Description: This function is used to have uC/OS-II manage the execution of a task.  Tasks can either
*              be created prior to the start of multitasking or by a running task.  A task cannot be
*              created by an ISR.
*
* Arguments  : task     is a pointer to the task's code
*
*              p_arg    is a pointer to an optional data area which can be used to pass parameters to
*                       the task when the task first executes.  Where the task is concerned it thinks
*                       it was invoked and passed the argument 'p_arg' as follows:
*
*                           void Task (void *p_arg)
*                           {
*                               for (;;) {
*                                   Task code;
*                               }
*                           }
*
*              ptos     is a pointer to the task's top of stack.  If the configuration constant
*                       OS_STK_GROWTH is set to 1, the stack is assumed to grow downward (i.e. from high
*                       memory to low memory).  'pstk' will thus point to the highest (valid) memory
*                       location of the stack.  If OS_STK_GROWTH is set to 0, 'pstk' will point to the
*                       lowest memor