一、Flex弹性盒模型
<style>
#parent{width: 300px;height: 300px;border: 1px black solid;margin: 20px auto;display: flex;}
#box{width: 100px;height: 100px;background: red;margin: auto;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<!-- <div id="parent">
<div id="box"></div>
</div> -->
<!-- 快捷写法:div#parent>div#box -->
</body>
</html>
1、Flex父容器上的一些属性
1.1、flex-direction
flex-direction用来控制子项整体布局方向,是从左往右还是从右往左,是从上往下还是从下往上。
<style>
#box{width: 300px;height: 300px;border: 1px black solid;margin: 20px auto;display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
}
#box div{width: 50px;height: 50px;color: white;line-height: 50px;text-align: center;
background: red;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="box">
<div>1</div><!-- 快捷写法:div{$}*3 -->
<div>2</div>
<div>3</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
1.2、flex-wrap
用来控制子项整体单行显示还是换行显示
1.3、flex-flow
flex-flow属性是flex-direction和flex-wrap的缩写,表示flex布局的flow流动特性,第一个值表示方向,第二个值表示换行,中间用空格隔开。
#box{width: 300px;height: 300px;border: 1px black solid;margin: 20px auto;display: flex;
/* flex-direction: column;flex-wrap: wrap; */flex-flow: column wrap;
}
1.4、justify-content
justify-content属性决定了主轴方向上子项的对齐和分布方式
1.4、align-items
align-items中的items指的就是flex子项们,因此align-items指的就是flex子项们相对于flex容器在侧轴方向上的对齐方式。(一行中每一个子项的排列)
<style>
#box{width: 300px;height: 300px;border: 1px black solid;margin: 20px auto;
display: flex;justify-content: space-evenly;align-items: flex-start;}
#box div{width: 50px;background: red; }/* 不加高度,会自适应 */
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="box">
<div>测试文本</div>
<div>测试文本测试文本</div>
<div>测试文本测试文本</div>
<div>测试文本测试文本测试文本</div>
<div>测试文本</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
1.4、align-content
align-content可以看成和justify-content是相似且对立的属性,如果所有flex子项只有一行,则align-content属性是没有任何效果的。(多行之间的对齐方式)
2、Flex子元素上的一些属性
flex:0 1 auto(默认值 )(优先级会更高 )
<style>
#box{width: 300px;height: 300px;border: 1px black solid;margin: 20px auto;display: flex;}
#box div{width: 50px;height: 50px;color: white;line-height: 50px;text-align: center;background: red; }
/* #box div:nth-child(2){order: 1;} */
/* #box div:nth-child(3){order: -1;} *//* 排序处理 */
#box div:nth-child(2){background: yellow;color: black;flex-grow: 1;}/* 会将剩余的空白全部占满,0.5会占一半 */
#box div:nth-child(3){background: blue;color: black;flex-grow: 2;}
#box div:nth-child(1){align-self: center;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="box">
<div>1</div>
<div>2</div>
<div>3</div>
<div>4</div>
<div>5</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
二、Flex案例
1、骰子的点数
<style>
#box1{width: 100px;height: 100px;border: 1px black solid;border-radius: 5px;display: flex ;
justify-content:center;align-items: center;
}
#box1 div{width: 30px;height: 30px;background: black;border-radius: 50%;}
#box2{width: 100px;height: 100px;border: 1px black solid;border-radius: 5px;display: flex ;
justify-content:space-evenly;
}
#box2 div{width: 30px;height: 30px;background: black;border-radius: 50%;}
#box2 div:last-child{align-self: flex-end;}
#box3{width: 100px;height: 100px;border: 1px black solid;border-radius: 5px;display: flex ;
justify-content:space-between;align-items: center;
}
#box3 div{width: 30%;height: 30%;background: black;border-radius: 50%;}
#box3 div:first-child{align-self: flex-start;}
#box3 div:last-child{align-self: flex-end;}
#box4{width: 100px;height: 100px;border: 1px black solid;border-radius: 5px;display: flex ;
flex-wrap: wrap;}
#box4 div{width: 100%;display: flex;justify-content: space-between;}
#box4 div:last-child{align-items: flex-end;}
#box4 i{display: block; width:30%;height:60%;background: black;border-radius: 50%;}
#box5{width: 100px;height: 100px;border: 1px black solid;border-radius: 5px;display: flex ;
flex-wrap: wrap;}
#box5 div{width: 100%;display: flex;justify-content: center;align-items: center;}
#box5 div:first-child{align-items:flex-start;justify-content: space-between;}
#box5 div:last-child{align-items: flex-end;justify-content: space-between;}
#box5 i{display: block; width:30%;height:90%;background: black;border-radius: 50%;}
#box6{width: 100px;height: 100px;border: 1px black solid;border-radius: 5px;display: flex ;
flex-wrap: wrap;}
#box6 div{width: 100%;display: flex;justify-content: space-between}
#box6 div:first-child{align-items:flex-start;}
#box6 div:last-child{align-items: flex-end;}
#box6 i{display: block; width:30%;height:90%;background: black;border-radius: 50%;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="box1">
<div></div>
</div>
<div id="box2">
<div></div>
<div></div>
</div>
<div id="box3">
<div></div>
<div></div>
<div></div>
</div>
<div id="box4">
<div>
<i></i>
<i></i>
</div>
<div>
<i></i>
<i></i>
</div>
</div>
<div id="box5">
<div>
<i></i>
<i></i>
</div>
<div>
<i></i>
</div>
<div>
<i></i>
<i></i>
</div>
</div>
<div id="box6">
<div>
<i></i>
<i></i>
</div>
<div>
<i></i>
<i></i>
</div>
<div>
<i></i>
<i></i>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
2、两列固定,一列自适应
<style>
*{margin: 0;padding: 0;}
#main{display: flex;}
#left{width: 200px;height: 200px;background: red;}
#center{flex: 1; height: 300px;background: yellow;}
#right{width: 150px;height: 200px;background: blue;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="main">
<div id="left"></div>
<div id="center"></div>
<div id="right"></div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
3、百度弹性导航
三、Grid网格布局
Grid布局是一个二维的布局方法,纵横两个方向总是同时存在。
1、grid父元素上属性
1.1、grid-template-coiumns、grid-template-rows
- 对网格进行横纵划分,形成二维布局。单位可以是像素,百分比,自适应以及fr单位(网格剩余空间比例单位)。
- 有时候,我们网格的划分是很规律的,如果需要添加多个横纵网格时,可以利用repeat()语法进行简化操作。
<style>
.box{width: 500px;height: 500px;border: 1px gray dotted;display: grid;
/* grid-template-rows: 100px auto 25%; *//* 3行 */
/* grid-template-columns: 100px 100px 200px 100px; *//* 4列 */
/* grid-template-rows: 1fr 1fr 1fr ;
grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr 1fr; */
grid-template-rows: repeat(3,1fr) ;
grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);}
.box div{background: red;border: 1px black solid;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="box">
<div>1</div>
<div>2</div>
<div>3</div>
<div>4</div>
<div>5</div>
<div>6</div>
<div>7</div>
<div>8</div>
<div>9</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
1.2、grid-template-areas、grid-template
- area是区域的意思,grid-template-areas就是给我们的网格划分区域的。此时grid子项只要使用grid-area属性指定其隶属于那个区。
- grid-template是grid-template-rows ,grid-template-columns和grid-template-areas属性的缩写。
<style>
.box2{width: 300px;height: 300px;border: 1px gray dotted;display: grid;
grid-template-rows: repeat(3,1fr) ;
grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);
grid-template-areas:
"a1 a1 a1"
"a2 a2 a3"
"a2 a2 a3"; /* 只能形成矩形,不能形成特殊图形 */
/* 复合写法 */
/* grid-template:
"a1 a1 a1" 1fr
"a2 a2 a3" 1fr
"a2 a2 a3" 1fr
/ 1fr 1fr 1fr ; *//* 纵向 */
}
.box2 div{background: red;border: 1px black solid;}
.box2 div:nth-child(1){grid-area: a1;}
.box2 div:nth-child(2){grid-area: a2;}
.box2 div:nth-child(3){grid-area: a3;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="box2">
<div>1</div>
<div>2</div>
<div>3</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
1.3、grid-column-gap、grid-row-gap
- grid-column-gap和grid-row-gap属性用来定义网格中网格间隙的尺寸。
- css grid-gap属性是grid-column-gap和grid-row-gap属性的缩写。
grid-column-gap: 10px;
grid-row-gap: 20px;
/* 复合写法 */
/* grid-gap: 20px 10px; */
1.4、justify-items、align-items
- justify-items指定了网格元素的水平呈现方式,是水平拉伸显示,还是左中右对齐。align-items指定了网格元素的垂直呈现方式,是垂直拉伸显示,还是上中下对齐。
- place-items可以让align-items和justify-items属性写在单个声明中。
- 针对网格中的一个一个元素的
<style>
.box3{width: 500px;height: 500px;border: 1px gray dotted;display: grid;
grid-template-rows: repeat(3,1fr) ;
grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);
/* justify-items:center;
align-items: center; */
place-items: end end;
/* 第一个对应的是纵向的(align-items),第二个是水平的(justify-items) */
}
.box3 div{background: red;border: 1px black solid;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="box3">
<div>1</div>
<div>2</div>
<div>3</div>
<div>4</div>
<div>5</div>
<div>6</div>
<div>7</div>
<div>8</div>
<div>9</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
1.5 、justify-content、align-content
- justify-content指定了网格元素的水平分布方式。
- align-content指定了网格元素的水平分布方式。
- place-content可以让align-content和justify-content属性写在一个CSS声明中。
- 针对整个网格的
<style>
.box3{width: 500px;height: 500px;border: 1px gray dotted;display: grid;
grid-template-rows: repeat(3,auto) ;
grid-template-columns:repeat(3,auto);/* auto自适应 */
justify-content: start;
align-content:c;
/* 复合写法 */
/* place-content: space-between space-between ; */
}
.box3 div{background: red;border: 1px black solid;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="box3">
<div>1</div>
<div>2</div>
<div>3</div>
<div>4</div>
<div>5</div>
<div>6</div>
<div>7</div>
<div>8</div>
<div>9</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
2、grid子元素上的属性
<style>
.box{width: 500px;height: 500px;border: 1px gray dotted;display: grid;
grid-template-rows: repeat(3,1fr) ;
grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);}
.box div{background: red;border: 1px black solid;
grid-column-start: 2;/* 纵向上启始的那条线是第二条线 */
grid-column-end: 3;/* 纵向上结束的那条线是第三条线 */
grid-row-start: 2;/* 横向上开始的那条线 */
grid-row-end: 4;/* 横向上结束的那条线 ,四条线将区域锁定*/
/* grid-row-end: span 2; *//* 只有end有span属性,不再表示结束的位置,表示截取的网格个数 */
/* 复合写法,通过斜线划开,不是空格 */
/* grid-column: 2/3; */
/* grid-row: 2/span 2; *//* 开始/结束 */
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="box">
<div></div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
grid-area: 3/2/4/4;/* 横向起始/纵向起始/横向结束/纵向结束 */
<style>
.box2{width: 500px;height: 500px;border: 1px gray dotted;display: grid;
grid-template-rows: repeat(3,1fr) ;
grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);
}
.box2 div{background: red;border: 1px black solid; }
.box2 div:nth-child(2){/* justify-self: start;align-self:end; */place-self: end start;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="box2">
<div>1</div>
<div>2</div>
<div>3</div>
<div>4</div>
<div>5</div>
<div>6</div>
<div>7</div>
<div>8</div>
<div>9</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
四、Grid案例
1、骰子的点数
<style>
/* 圆角边框 */
.box{width: 100px;height: 100px;border: 1px black solid;border-radius: 5px;
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(3,1fr);
grid-template-rows: repeat(3,1fr);
place-items: center center;/* 每个网格居中处理 */
}
/* 点数 */
.box div{width: 20px;height: 20px;background: black;border-radius: 50%;}
.box div:nth-child(1){grid-area: 2/2/3/3;}
/* 圆角边框 */
.box2{width: 100px;height: 100px;border: 1px black solid;border-radius: 5px;
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(3,1fr);
grid-template-rows: repeat(3,1fr);
place-items: center center;/* 每个网格居中处理 */
}
/* 点数 */
.box2 div{width: 20px;height: 20px;background: black;border-radius: 50%;}
.box2 div:nth-child(2){grid-area: 3/3/4/4;}
/* 圆角边框 */
.box3{width: 100px;height: 100px;border: 1px black solid;border-radius: 5px;
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(3,1fr);
grid-template-rows: repeat(3,1fr);
place-items: center center;/* 每个网格居中处理 */
grid-template-areas:
"a1 a2 a3"
"a4 a5 a6"
"a7 a8 a9";
}
/* 点数 */
.box3 div{width: 20px;height: 20px;background: black;border-radius: 50%;}
.box3 div:nth-child(2){grid-area:a5;}
.box3 div:nth-child(3){grid-area:a9;}
/* 圆角边框 */
.box4{width: 100px;height: 100px;border: 1px black solid;border-radius: 5px;
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(3,1fr);
grid-template-rows: repeat(3,1fr);
place-items: center center;/* 每个网格居中处理 */
grid-template-areas:
"a1 a2 a3"
"a4 a5 a6"
"a7 a8 a9";
}
/* 点数 */
.box4 div{width: 20px;height: 20px;background: black;border-radius: 50%;}
.box4 div:nth-child(2){grid-area:a3;}
.box4 div:nth-child(3){grid-area:a7;}
.box4 div:nth-child(4){grid-area:a9;}
/* 圆角边框 */
.box5{width: 100px;height: 100px;border: 1px black solid;border-radius: 5px;
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(3,1fr);
grid-template-rows: repeat(3,1fr);
place-items: center center;/* 每个网格居中处理 */
grid-template-areas:
"a1 a2 a3"
"a4 a5 a6"
"a7 a8 a9";
}
/* 点数 */
.box5 div{width: 20px;height: 20px;background: black;border-radius: 50%;}
.box5 div:nth-child(2){grid-area:a3;}
.box5 div:nth-child(3){grid-area:a7;}
.box5 div:nth-child(4){grid-area:a9;}
.box5 div:nth-child(5){grid-area:a5;}
/* 圆角边框 */
.box6{width: 100px;height: 100px;border: 1px black solid;border-radius: 5px;
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(3,1fr);
grid-template-rows: repeat(3,1fr);
place-items: center center;/* 每个网格居中处理 */
grid-template-areas:
"a1 a2 a3"
"a4 a5 a6"
"a7 a8 a9";
}
/* 点数 */
.box6 div{width: 20px;height: 20px;background: black;border-radius: 50%;}
.box6 div:nth-child(2){grid-area:a3;}
.box6 div:nth-child(3){grid-area:a7;}
.box6 div:nth-child(4){grid-area:a9;}
.box6 div:nth-child(5){grid-area:a4;}
.box6 div:nth-child(6){grid-area:a6;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="box">
<div></div>
</div>
<div class="box2">
<div></div>
<div></div>
</div>
<div class="box3">
<div></div>
<div></div>
<div></div>
</div>
<div class="box4">
<div></div>
<div></div>
<div></div>
<div></div>
</div>
<div class="box5">
<div></div>
<div></div>
<div></div>
<div></div>
<div></div>
</div>
<div class="box6">
<div></div>
<div></div>
<div></div>
<div></div>
<div></div>
<div></div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
2、百度搜索风云榜
<style>
.box{width: 280px;height: 352px;margin: 20px auto;display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(3,1fr);
grid-template-rows: repeat(4,1fr);
grid-template-areas:
"a1 a2 a2"
"a3 a2 a2"
"a4 a4 a5"
"a6 a7 a7";
grid-gap: 6px 6px;/* 间距 */
}
.box div{background: red;}
.box div:nth-child(1){grid-area: a1;}
.box div:nth-child(2){grid-area: a2;}
.box div:nth-child(3){grid-area: a3;}
.box div:nth-child(4){grid-area: a4;}
.box div:nth-child(5){grid-area: a5;}
.box div:nth-child(6){grid-area: a6;}
.box div:nth-child(7){grid-area: a7;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="box">
<div></div>
<div></div>
<div></div>
<div></div>
<div></div>
<div></div>
<div></div>
</div>
</body>
</html>