北京化工大学2/7寒假集训题解（＞1800）

目录

 A-Fence

 B-D++ again​

C-Cut the Sequence

D-Parade

E-trade

---

 A-Fence

#include<algorithm>
#include<string.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<queue>
using namespace std;
struct nob
{
    int v,p;
    bool operator <(const nob &a)const
    {
        return this->v<a.v;
    }
    nob() {};
    nob(int _v,int _p)
    {
        this->v=_v;
        this->p=_p;
    }
};
struct node
{
    int l,p,s;
    bool operator < (const node &a)const
    {
        return this->s<a.s;
    }
} A[110];
int dp[110][16010];
int main()
{
    int n,m;
    while(~scanf("%d%d",&n,&m))
    {
        for(int i=1; i<=m; i++)
            scanf("%d%d%d",&A[i].l,&A[i].p,&A[i].s);
        sort(A+1,A+m+1);
        memset(dp,0,sizeof(dp));
        for(int i=1; i<=m; i++)
        {
            priority_queue<nob>q;
            int li=A[i].l,pi=A[i].p,si=A[i].s;
            for(int j=max(0,si-li); j<si; j++)
            {
                q.push(nob(dp[i-1][j]-j*pi,j));
            }
            for(int j=1; j<=n; j++)
            {
                dp[i][j]=max(dp[i-1][j],dp[i][j-1]);
                if(j<si||j>=si+li)
                    continue;
                while(!q.empty()&&q.top().p+li<j) q.pop();
                if(q.empty())
                    continue;
                dp[i][j]=max(dp[i][j],q.top().v+pi*j);
 
            }
        }
        printf("%d\n",dp[m][n]);
    }
}

 B-D++ again

#include<cstdio>
#include<cmath>
#include<cstring>
#include<queue>
#include<stack>
#include<cstdlib>
#include<iomanip>
#include<string>
#include<vector>
#include<map>
#include<string>
#include<iostream>
#include<algorithm>
using namespace std;
#define INF 0x3f3f3f3f
typedef long long ll;
#define Max(a,b) (a>b)?a:b
#define lowbit(x) x&(-x)
int main()
{
    map<char,bool>vis;
    vis['1']=1;
    vis['2']=1;
    vis['3']=1;
    vis['4']=1;
    vis['5']=1;
    vis['6']=1;
    vis['7']=1;
    vis['8']=1;
    vis['9']=1;
    vis['0']=1;
    vis['+']=1;
    vis['-']=1;
    vis['*']=1;
    vis['/']=1;
    vis['\n']=1;
    vis['=']=1;
    char t,last=0;
    int sum=0,flag=0,ans=1;
    while(~scanf("%c",&t))
    {
        if(flag==1||ans==0)
        {
                if(t==')')
                {
                    if(last=='*')
                    {
                        flag=0;
                    }
                }
                last=t;
                continue;
        }
        if(t=='*'&&last=='(')
            {
                flag=1,sum--;
                continue;
            }
            else if(sum==0&&t==')'&&last=='*')
                ans=0;
        if(sum<0)
        {
            ans=0;
            continue;
        }
        else if(sum>0)
        {
            if(t==')')
            {
                sum--;
            }

            else if(t=='(')
                    sum++;
            else if(vis[t]==0)
                ans=0;
            last=t;
        }
        else
        {
            if(t=='(')
               {
                   sum++;
               }
            else if(t==')')
                sum--;
            last=t;
        }
    }
    if(sum||flag||ans==0)
        puts("NO");
    else
        puts("YES");
}

C-Cut the Sequence

 

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cmath>
 
using namespace std;
 
int N;
long long M;
long long a[100005];
int que[100005];
long long sum[100005];
long long dp[100005];
 
int main()
{
    cin>>N>>M;
    int flag=1;
    for(int i=1;i<=N;i++){
        cin>>a[i];
        if(a[i]>M)
            flag=0;
        sum[i]=sum[i-1]+a[i];
    }
    int s=1,t=1,p=0;
    if(flag==1){
        for(int i=1;i<=N;i++){
            while(s<t&&a[que[t-1]]<=a[i]) t--;
            que[t++]=i;
            while(sum[que[t-1]]-sum[p]>M){
                p++;
                if(que[s]<=p){
                    s++;
                }
            }
            dp[i]=dp[p]+a[que[s]];
            for(int j=s;j<t;j++){
                dp[i]=min(dp[i],dp[que[j]]+a[que[j+1]]);
            }
        }
    }
    if(flag==0){
        cout<<-1;
    }
    else{
        cout<<dp[N];
    }
}

D-Parade

思路：很显然这是一个dp题，设dp[i][j]到达(i,j)这个点的人气最大值，那么到达(i,j)这个位置可以从东、西、南三个方向到达，从南边到来的很容易得出就是dp[i + 1][j]，剩下就是计算从东边和从西边走来的，先处理西边走来的（东边的一样），显然dp[i][j] = min{ dp[i][j], dp[i + 1][k] + valL[i][j] - valL[i][k - 1] } （其中k < j而且sumL[i][j] - sumL[i][k-1] <= K(题目给定的K)，sumL[i][j]表示从左边开始第一个点到达第j个点的总距离，valL[i][j]表示从左边开始第一个点到达第j个点的总人气值, 因为从第k个点能到达第j个点的话只能按照(i+1, k)北走再向右走的路线，所以是dp[i + 1][k]，而不是dp[i][k]，此时的dp[i][k]已经更新了）

#include<cstdio>
#include<cstring>
#include<queue>
#include<iostream>
#include<algorithm>
typedef long long ll;
const int maxn = 1e2 + 10;
const int maxm = 1e4 + 10;
const ll INF = 1e15;
using namespace std;
 
int n, m, k, x;
int ql[maxm * 10], qr[maxm * 10];
ll sumL[maxm], valL[maxm];
ll sumR[maxm], valR[maxm];
ll dis[maxn][maxm], dp[2][maxm];
ll val[maxn][maxm];
char s[maxn * maxm];
 
void init() {
    for(int i = 0; i < n + 5; i++) {
        dis[i][0] = dis[i][m + 1] = 0;
        val[i][0] = val[i][m + 1] = 0;
    }
}
 
ll getint() {
    ll data = 0,u = 1;
    while(s[x] < '0' || s[x] > '9') x++;
    if (x && s[x - 1] == '-')  u = -1;
    while (s[x] >= '0' && s[x] <= '9') {
          data = data * 10 + s[x] - '0';
          x++;
    }
    return data * u;
}
 
int solve(int cal, int c) {
    while(cal) {
        sumL[0] = sumR[m + 2] = 0;
        valL[0] = valR[m + 2] = 0;
        ///处理好从南部走上来的
        for(int j = 1; j <= m + 1; j++) {
            int r = m + 2 - j;
            sumL[j] = sumL[j - 1] + dis[cal][j];
            valL[j] = valL[j - 1] + val[cal][j];
            sumR[r] = sumR[r + 1] + dis[cal][r];
            valR[r] = valR[r + 1] + val[cal][r];
            dp[c][j] = dp[c ^ 1][j];
        }
        int tail, real;
        ///处理从左边走来的
        tail = real = 0;
        ql[real++] = 1;
        for(int j = 2; j <= m + 1; j++) {
            while(tail < real && sumL[j - 1] - sumL[ql[tail] - 1] > k) tail++;
            if(real - tail > 0) {
                ll add = dp[c ^ 1][ql[tail]];
                add += valL[j - 1] - valL[ql[tail] - 1];
                dp[c][j] = max(dp[c][j], add);
            }
            ll new_val = dp[c ^ 1][j] - valL[j - 1];
            while(real > tail && new_val >= dp[c ^ 1][ql[real - 1]] - valL[ql[real - 1] - 1]) real--;
            ql[real++] = j;
        }
 
        ///处理从右边走来的
        tail = real = 0;
        qr[real++] = m + 1;
        for(int j = m; j >= 1; j--) {
            while(tail < real && sumR[j] - sumR[qr[tail]] > k) tail++;
            if(real - tail > 0) {
                ll add = dp[c ^ 1][qr[tail]];
                add += valR[j] - valR[qr[tail]];
                dp[c][j] = max(dp[c][j], add);
            }
            ll new_val = dp[c ^ 1][j] - valR[j];
            while(real > tail && new_val >= dp[c ^ 1][qr[real- 1]] - valR[qr[real - 1]]) real--;
            qr[real++] = j;
        }
        cal--; c = !c;
    }
    return !c;
}
 
int main()
{
    while (gets(s)) {
        x = 0; n = getint();
        m = getint(); k = getint();
        if (!n && !m && !k) break;
        init();
        for(int i = 1; i <= n + 1; i++) {
            gets(s); x = 0;
            for(int j = 1;j <= m; j++) {
                val[i][j] = getint();
            }
        }
        for(int i = 1;i <= n + 1; i++) {
            gets(s); x = 0;
            for(int j = 1; j <= m; j++) {
                dis[i][j] = getint();
            }
        }
        for(int j = 1; j <= m + 1; j++) dp[0][j] = 0;
        int d = solve(n + 1, 1);
        ll ans = -INF;
        for(int j = 1; j <= m + 1; j++) {
            ans = max(ans, dp[d][j]);
        }
        cout << ans << endl;
    }
    return 0;
}

E-trade

知道之后n天的股票买卖价格（api，bpi），以及每天股票买卖数量上限（asi，bsi），问他最多能赚多少钱。开始时有无限本金，要求任两次交易需要间隔W天以上，即第i天交易，第i+w+1天才能再交易。同时他任意时刻最多只能拥有maxp的股票，

dp[i][j]表示前i天当持有j股股票时，获得的最大利益。

状态转移：

当第i天不交易时为dp[i-1][j];

当第i天买(j-k)股时为dp[i-w-1][k]-(j-k)*b[i]   0=<k<=j  //注意要求第i-w----i-1天都不能交易.

     卖(k-j)股时为dp[i-w-1][k]+(k-j)*s[i]     j=<k<=p

当固定某个j时，dp[i-w-1][k]+k*b[i] 是固定的(k,j有个关系），所以可以用单调队列优化。

#include <iostream>
#include<cstdio>
#include<cstring>
#include<string>
#include<algorithm>
using namespace std;
const int maxn=2200;
const int inf=0x3f3f3f3f;
int dp[maxn][maxn];
int t,p,w;
struct node
{
    int val,hs;
    node(int h,int v)
    {
        hs=h,val=v;
    }
    node ()
    {
 
    }
}v[maxn];
 
int ap[maxn],bp[maxn],as[maxn],bs[maxn];
int main()
{
    int tt;
    scanf("%d",&tt);
 
    while(tt--)
    {
        scanf("%d%d%d",&t,&p,&w);
        for(int i=1;i<=t;i++)
        {
            scanf("%d%d%d%d",&ap[i],&bp[i],&as[i],&bs[i]);
        }
        memset(dp,-inf,sizeof dp);
        for(int i=1;i<=t;i++)
        {
            for(int j=0;j<=min(as[i],p);j++)
            {
                dp[i][j]=max(dp[i][j],-j*ap[i]);
            }
        }
 
        for(int i=2;i<=t;i++)
        {
            dp[i][0]=0;
            for(int j=0;j<=p;j++)//no transaction
            {
                dp[i][j]=max(dp[i][j],dp[i-1][j]);
            }
            if(i<w+2)continue;
            int pre=i-w-1;
            int s=0,e=-1;
 
            for(int j=0;j<=p;j++)//buy j-k,so is from small to big
            {
                int tmp=dp[pre][j]+j*ap[i];
                while(s<=e&&tmp>=v[e].val)//the val is bigger which is better
                {
                    e--;
                }
                node te(j,tmp);
                v[++e]=te;
                while(s<=e&&j-v[s].hs>as[i])
                    s++;
                dp[i][j]=max(dp[i][j],v[s].val-j*ap[i]);
            }
 
            s=0,e=-1;
            for(int j=p;j>=0;j--)//sell k-j,so is from big to small
            {
                int tmp=dp[pre][j]+j*bp[i];
                while(s<=e&&tmp>=v[e].val)//the val is bigger which is better
                {
                    e--;
                }
                node te(j,tmp);
                v[++e]=te;
                while(s<=e&&v[s].hs-j>bs[i])
                    s++;
                dp[i][j]=max(dp[i][j],v[s].val-j*bp[i]);
            }
        }
        printf("%d\n",dp[t][0]);
    }
}