分组查询
/*
语法:select分组函数,列(要求出现在group by的后面)
from 表名
【where 筛选条件】
group by 分组的列表
【order by 子句】
注意:查询列表必须特殊,要求是分组函数和group by后面出现的字段
*/
#引入:查询每个部门的平均工资
SELECT AVG(salary) FROM employees;
#简单分组查询
#案例1:查询每个工种的最高工资
SELECT MAX(salary),job_id FROM employees GROUP BY job_id;
#案例2:查询每个位置上的部门个数
SELECT COUNT(*),location_id FROM departments GROUP BY location_id;
#添加分组前的筛选条件
#案例1:查询邮箱中包含a字符的,每个部门的平均工资
SELECT AVG(salary),department_id FROM employees WHERE email LIKE '%a%' GROUP BY department_id;
#案例2:查询有奖金的每个领导手下的员工的最高工资
SELECT MAX(salary),manager_id FROM employees WHERE commission_pct IS NOT NULL GROUP BY manager_id;
#添加分组后的筛选条件
#案例1:查询那个部门的员工个数>2
#(1)查询每个部门的员工个数
SELECT
COUNT(*),
department_id
FROM
employees
GROUP BY department_id ;
#(2)根据(1)的结果进行筛选,查询哪个部门的员工个数大于2
SELECT
COUNT(*),
department_id
FROM
employees
GROUP BY department_id
HAVING COUNT(*)>2;
#案例2:查询每个工种有奖金的员工的最高工资大于12000的工种编号和最高工资
SELECT
MAX(salary),
job_id
FROM
employees
WHERE commission_pct IS NOT NULL
GROUP BY job_id
HAVING MAX(salary) > 12000 ;
#案例3:查询领导编号>102的每个领导手下的最低工资>5000的领导编号是哪个,以及其最低工资
SELECT
MIN(salary),
manager_id
FROM
employees
WHERE manager_id > 102
GROUP BY manager_id
HAVING MIN(salary) > 5000 ;
#按表达式或函数分组
#案例:按员工姓名的长度分组,查询每一组的员工个数,筛选员工个数>5的有哪些
SELECT COUNT(*),LENGTH(last_name) len_name
FROM employees
GROUP BY last_name
HAVING LENGTH(last_name)>5;
#按多个字段分组
#案例:查询每个部门每个工种的员工的平均工资
SELECT AVG(salary),department_id,job_id
FROM employees
GROUP BY department_id,job_id;
#添加排序
#案例:查询每个部门每个工种的员工的平均工资,并且按平均工资的高低显示
SELECT AVG(salary),department_id,job_id
FROM employees
GROUP BY department_id,job_id
ORDER BY AVG(salary) DESC;