文件访问和加密(python) Caesar 算法

设计一个具有图形用户界面的文件加密和解密程序。

（1）设计一个加密类，使用 Caesar 算法，实现文本文件的加解密功能。

（2）设计一个图形化用户界面的 Python GUI 程序，实现文件的读取、写入。并调用设计的类，对文件内容进行加密解密。

（3）测试程序，验证程序功能。运行程序，例如打开一个文本文件 A，对该文件进行加密生成文件 B，再对文件 B 进行 解密生成文件 C，对比文件 A 与文件 C 是否相同，并检查文件 B 是否被加密。

（4）完善程序功能，对可能出现问题进行处理，使程序可以友好提示并正常结束。

GUI 程序，实现文件读取写入以及加密和解密

from tkinter.filedialog import askopenfilename, asksaveasfilename
from tkinter import *
from tkinter import messagebox
from tkinter import simpledialog
from Caesar import Caesar


class FileEncryption:
    def __init__(self):
        window = Tk()
        window.title("文件加密")

        menubar = Menu(window)
        window.config(menu=menubar)
        frame0 = Frame(window)
        frame0.grid(row=1, column=1, sticky=W)
        newImage = PhotoImage(file="new.gif")
        openImage = PhotoImage(file="open.gif")
        saveImage = PhotoImage(file="save.gif")
        Button(frame0, image=newImage, command=self.newFile).grid(row=1, column=1, sticky=W)
        Button(frame0, image=openImage, command=self.openFile).grid(row=1, column=2)
        Button(frame0, image=saveImage, command=self.saveFile).grid(row=1, column=3)
        Button(frame0, text="加密", command=self.EncryptText).grid(row=1, column=4)
        Button(frame0, text="解密", command=self.DecryptText).grid(row=1, column=5)
        frame1 = Frame(window)
        frame1.grid(row=2, column=1, sticky=W)
        lblFile = Label(frame1, text="文件名").pack(side=LEFT)
        self.filename = StringVar()
        self.filename.set('')
        enfile = Entry(frame1, textvariable=self.filename).pack(side=LEFT)
        frame2 = Frame(window)
        frame2.grid(row=3, column=1)
        scrollbar = Scrollbar(frame2)
        scrollbar.pack(side="right", fill=Y)
        self.text = Text(frame2, width=40, height=20,wrap=WORD, yscrollcommand=scrollbar.set)
        self.text.pack()
        scrollbar.config(command=self.text.yview)
        window.mainloop()

    def newFile(self):
        self.text.delete(1.0, END)
        self.filename.set('')

    def openFile(self):
        self.text.delete(1.0, END)
        filename = askopenfilename()

        if filename != '':
            infile = open(filename, "r", encoding=" utf-8")

            try:
                for line in infile:
                    self.text.insert(END, line)
            except Exception as e:
                messagebox.showerror("错误", f"读取文件时出错: {e}")
            else:
                infile.close()
                self.filename.set(filename)

    def saveFile(self):
        filename = asksaveasfilename()

        try:
            if filename == '':
                raise ValueError
            outfile = open(filename, 'w', encoding="utf-8")
            outfile.write(self.text.get(1.0, END))
        except FileNotFoundError:
            messagebox.showerror("错误", "文件不存在或已被删除")
        except Exception:
            messagebox.showinfo("提示", "你取消了对话框")
        else:
            messagebox.showinfo("提示", "保存成功！")
            outfile.close()
            self.filename.set(filename)

    def EncryptText(self):
        key = simpledialog.askstring("输入密钥", "请输入Caesar密钥!")

        try:
            if not key:
                raise ValueError("密钥不能为空！")
            key = int(key)
        except ValueError as e:
            messagebox.showerror("错误", f"输入的密钥无效: {e}")
        else:
            c = Caesar(key)
            cipertext = c.getEncryptedText(self.text.get(1.0, END))
            self.text.delete(1.0, END)
            self.text.insert(END, cipertext)
            messagebox.showinfo("提示", "加密完成")

    def DecryptText(self):
        key = simpledialog.askstring("输入密钥", "请输入Caesar密钥!")

        try:
            if not key:
                raise ValueError("密钥不能为空！")
            key = int(key)
        except ValueError as e:
            messagebox.showerror("错误", f"输入的密钥无效: {e}")
        else:
            c = Caesar(key)
            text = c.getDecryptedText(self.text.get(1.0, END))
            self.text.delete(1.0, END)
            self.text.insert(END, text)
            messagebox.showinfo("提示", "解密完成")


FileEncryption()

Caesar 加密

class Caesar:
    def __init__(self,key = 3):
        self.__key = key
        self.__code="ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrst"\
                    "uvwxyz 1234567890~!@#$%^&*()_+=[]{}|\\::\'\"<>,.?/"
    def getDecryptedText(self,ciperText):
        clearText = ""
        j = 0
        for i in ciperText:
            if i in self.__code:
                j = (self.__code.find(i)-self.__key)%len(self.__code)
                clearText += self.__code[j]
            else:
                clearText += i
        return clearText
    def getEncryptedText(self,clearText):
        ciperText = ""
        j = 0
        for i in clearText:
            if i in self.__code:
                j = (self.__code.find(i)+self.__key)%len(self.__code)
                ciperText += self.__code[j]
            else:
                ciperText += i
        return ciperText
    def getKey(self):
        return self.__key
    def setKey(self,key):
        self.__key = key
    def getCode(self):
        return self.__code
    def setCode(self,code):
        self.__code = code