自定义序列化与反序列化在Java中的实践-CSDN博客

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_62153576/article/details/141282081

自定义序列化与反序列化在Java中的实践

在上一篇教程中，我们探讨了如何使用@JsonSerialize#converter和@JsonDeserialize#converter属性。本教程将深入探讨@JsonDeserialize#using和@JsonSerialize#using的使用，这两个属性需要指定JsonSerializer和JsonDeserializer类类型。

实例分析

Java对象定义

首先，我们定义一个CurrencyRate类，用于表示货币兑换率信息。该类包含货币对、汇率以及最后更新时间。

package com.logicbig.example;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.annotation.JsonDeserialize;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.annotation.JsonSerialize;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;

public class CurrencyRate {
    private String pair;
    private double rate;
    
    @JsonSerialize(using = LocalDateTimeSerializer.class)
    @JsonDeserialize(using = LocalDatetimeDeserializer.class) 
    private LocalDateTime lastUpdated;

    // 省略getter和setter方法
}

自定义序列化器

接下来，我们创建一个LocalDateTimeSerializer类，用于将LocalDateTime对象序列化为特定格式的字符串。

package com.logicbig.example;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonGenerator;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JsonSerializer;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.SerializerProvider;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;
import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;
import java.time.format.DateTimeParseException;

public class LocalDateTimeSerializer extends JsonSerializer<LocalDateTime> {
    static final DateTimeFormatter DATE_FORMATTER = DateTimeFormatter.ofLocalizedDateTime(FormatStyle.MEDIUM);
    
    @Override
    public void serialize(LocalDateTime value, JsonGenerator gen, SerializerProvider provider)
            throws IOException {
        try {
            String s = value.format(DATE_FORMATTER);
            gen.writeString(s);
        } catch (DateTimeParseException e) {
            System.err.println(e);
            gen.writeString("");
        }
    }
}

自定义反序列化器

然后，我们创建一个LocalDatetimeDeserializer类，用于将字符串反序列化为LocalDateTime对象。

package com.logicbig.example;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonParser;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonProcessingException;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.DeserializationContext;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JsonDeserializer;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;
import java.time.format.DateTimeParseException;

public class LocalDatetimeDeserializer extends JsonDeserializer<LocalDateTime> {
    @Override
    public LocalDateTime deserialize(JsonParser p, DeserializationContext ctx)
            throws IOException {
        String str = p.getText();
        try {
            return LocalDateTime.parse(str, LocalDateTimeSerializer.DATE_FORMATTER);
        } catch (DateTimeParseException e) {
            System.err.println(e);
            return null;
        }
    }
}

测试主类

最后，我们编写一个测试主类ExampleMain，演示如何将Java对象转换为JSON字符串，以及如何将JSON字符串反序列化为Java对象。

public class ExampleMain {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        System.out.println("-- Java object to JSON --");
        CurrencyRate cr = new CurrencyRate();
        cr.setPair("USD/JPY");
        cr.setRate(109.15);
        cr.setLastUpdated(LocalDateTime.now());
        System.out.println("Java object: " + cr);
        
        ObjectMapper om = new ObjectMapper();
        String s2 = om.writeValueAsString(cr);
        System.out.println("JSON string: " + s2);
        
        System.out.println("-- JSON to Java object --");
        CurrencyRate cr2 = om.readValue(s2, CurrencyRate.class);
        System.out.println("Java Object: " + cr2);
    }
}

输出结果

-- Java object to JSON --  
Java object: CurrencyRate{pair='USD/JPY', rate=109.15, lastUpdated=2018-06-01T16:02:40.887586300}  
JSON string: {"pair":"USD/JPY","rate":109.15,"lastUpdated":"Jun 1, 2018, 4:02:40 PM"}  
-- JSON to Java object --  
Java Object: CurrencyRate{pair='USD/JPY', rate=109.15, lastUpdated=2018-06-01T16:02:40}