实验目的:掌握OSPF特殊区域及路由汇总的实际应用
实验要求:
1)R1至R6的路由器使用OSPF多区域完成路由发布,具体OSPF区域划分如图所示;
2)每台设备的Router ID为10.0.x.x,其中x为路由器的编号;
3)R3直连网段192.168采用域外路由汇总引入到ospf中;Area 2采用域间路由汇总发布路由;
4)将Area 1设为totally NSSA区域,R1引入汇总后的直连网段172.16;Area 2设为totally stub区域,
5) 将部分端口设置为Silent-Interface
实验结果验证:
1)在R3上输入display ospf lsdb,查看域外域内路由是否汇总;
2)R6能与R1所接终端网络通信
3)在设定为特殊区域和路由汇总后,观察LSDB和ospf路由表有什么变化
组网图
实验思路
1、保证链路畅通
2、配置OSPF
3、测试
保证链路畅通
R1
<Huawei>un ter mon
Info: Current terminal monitor is off.
<Huawei>
<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]
[Huawei]un in en
Info: Information center is disabled.
[Huawei]
[Huawei]sysname R1
[R1]
[R1]INT G0/0/1
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad 172.16.0.1 24
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 10.0.10.2 30
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int loo0
[R1-LoopBack0]
[R1-LoopBack0]ip ad 172.16.2.1 24
[R1-LoopBack0]
[R1-LoopBack0]int loo1
[R1-LoopBack1]
[R1-LoopBack1]ip ad 172.16.3.1 24
[R1-LoopBack1]
R2
<Huawei>un ter mon
Info: Current terminal monitor is off.
<Huawei>
<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]
[Huawei]un in en
Info: Information center is disabled.
[Huawei]
[Huawei]sysname R2
[R2]
[R2]INT G0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 10.0.10.1 30
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad 10.0.11.2 30
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]
R3
<Huawei>un ter mon
Info: Current terminal monitor is off.
<Huawei>
<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]
[Huawei]un in en
Info: Information center is disabled.
[Huawei]
[Huawei]sysname R3
[R3]
[R3]INT G0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 10.0.11.1 30
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad 10.0.11.5 30
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip ad 192.168.0.1 24
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int loo1
[R3-LoopBack1]
[R3-LoopBack1]ip ad 192.168.1.1 24
[R3-LoopBack1]
[R3-LoopBack1]int loo2
[R3-LoopBack2]
[R3-LoopBack2]ip ad 192.168.2.1 24
[R3-LoopBack2]
[R3-LoopBack2]int loo3
[R3-LoopBack3]
[R3-LoopBack3]ip ad 192.168.3.1 24
[R3-LoopBack3]
R4
<Huawei>un ter mon
Info: Current terminal monitor is off.
<Huawei>
<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]
[Huawei]un in en
Info: Information center is disabled.
[Huawei]
[Huawei]sysname R4
[R4]
[R4]INT G0/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 10.0.11.6 30
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad 10.0.12.1 30
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]
R5
<Huawei>un ter mon
Info: Current terminal monitor is off.
<Huawei>
<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]
[Huawei]un in en
Info: Information center is disabled.
[Huawei]
[Huawei]sysname R5
[R5]
[R5]INT G0/0/0
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 10.0.12.2 30
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad 10.0.11.6 30
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]
R6
<Huawei>un ter mon
Info: Current terminal monitor is off.
<Huawei>
<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]
[Huawei]un in en
Info: Information center is disabled.
[Huawei]
[Huawei]sysname R6
[R6]
[R6]INT G0/0/0
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 10.0.12.5 30
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]
注:配置好后记得测试一下链路是否可通
配置OSPF
R1
[R1]ospf 1 router-id 10.0.1.1
[R1-ospf-1]
[R1-ospf-1]area 1
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 10.0.10.2 0.0.0.0
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]
R2
[R2]ospf 1 router-id 10.0.2.2
[R2-ospf-1]
[R2-ospf-1]area 1
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 10.0.10.1 0.0.0.0
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]q
[R2-ospf-1]
[R2-ospf-1]area 0
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.0.11.2 0.0.0.0
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]
R3
[R3]ospf 1 router-id 10.0.3.3
[R3-ospf-1]
[R3-ospf-1]area 0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.0.11.1 0.0.0.0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.0.11.5 0.0.0.0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]
R4
[R4]ospf 1 router-id 10.0.4.4
[R4-ospf-1]
[R4-ospf-1]area 2
[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]
[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 10.0.12.1 0.0.0.0
[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]
[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]q
[R4-ospf-1]
[R4-ospf-1]area 0
[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]
[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.0.11.6 0.0.0.0
[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]
R5
[R5]ospf 1 router-id 10.0.5.5
[R5-ospf-1]
[R5-ospf-1]area 2
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 10.0.12.6 0.0.0.0
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]
R6
[R6]ospf 1 router-id 10.0.6.6
[R6-ospf-1]
[R6-ospf-1]area 2
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 10.0.12.5 0.0.0.0
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]
查看邻接关系是否建立
路由引入、汇总
查看本地路由表
需要对172.16.0.0,172.16.2.0,172.16.3.0 进行引入,这几条路由都属于直连路由,需要写路由策略
R1
[R1]un ip ip-prefix zhilain
[R1]ip ip-prefix zhilain permit 172.16.0.0 22
[R1]
[R1]route-policy zhilain permit node 10
Info: New Sequence of this List.
[R1-route-policy]
[R1-route-policy]if-match ip-prefix zhilain
[R1-route-policy]
[R1-route-policy]
[R1-route-policy]
[R1-route-policy]
[R1-route-policy]
[R1-route-policy]q
[R1]os
[R1]ospfv3
[R1]ospf
[R1-ospf-1]a
[R1-ospf-1]arp-ping
[R1-ospf-1]asbr-summary
[R1-ospf-1]area 1
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]import-route direct route-policy zhilian
[R1-ospf-1]
查看是否引入成功
引入成功,但是防止出现环路,我们还需要写一条黑洞路由(因为172.16.0.0网段包含了172.16.1.0网段在内可能出现环路,所以此处需要写一条缺省的黑洞路由)
[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 null 0
R3
通过查看本地路由表确定需要引入的路由类型
[R3]ip ip-prefix zhilain permit 192.168.0.0 22
[R3]
[R3]route-policy zhilain permit node 10
Info: New Sequence of this List.
[R3-route-policy]
[R3-route-policy]if-match ip-prefix zhilain
[R3-route-policy]
[R3-route-policy]
[R3-route-policy]
[R3-route-policy]q
[R3]os
[R3]ospf
[R3-ospf-1]import-route direct route-policy zhilian
[R3-ospf-1]asbr-summary 192.168.0.0 255.255.252.0
查看引入汇总是否成功
area 2 域间路由发布汇总
R4
[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]abr-summary 10.0.12.0 255.255.255.248
查看其他区域是否发布成功
设置特殊区域
R1
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]nssa
R2
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]nssa no-summary
R4
[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]stub no-summary
R5
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]stub
R6
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]stub
查看LSDB数据表
[R1-ospf-1]silent-interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
至此除R6访问R1的客户端无法实现,其余的都实现了,R1与R6也无法通信,具体原因我也暂未找到。