自学Java一周有余（不知不觉已经面向bug编程了这么久），在此记录一下跟着老师写的第一个小项目！因为之前有一点C语言基础，而且某站的康师傅教的超级好，学的过程中没有遇到太大的困难。
因为学的内容比较浅，以下的CMUtility工具类代码是老师给的。
package Project02.util;
import java.util.*;
/**
CMUtility工具类：
将不同的功能封装为方法，就是可以直接通过调用方法使用它的功能，而无需考虑具体的功能实现细节。
*/
public class CMUtility {
private static Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
/**
用于界面菜单的选择。该方法读取键盘，如果用户键入’1’-’5’中的任意字符，则方法返回。返回值为用户键入字符。
*/
public static char readMenuSelection() {
char c;
for (; ; ) {
String str = readKeyBoard(1, false);
c = str.charAt(0);
if (c != '1' && c != '2' &&
c != '3' && c != '4' && c != '5') {
System.out.print("选择错误，请重新输入：");
} else break;
}
return c;
}
/**
从键盘读取一个字符，并将其作为方法的返回值。
*/
public static char readChar() {
String str = readKeyBoard(1, false);
return str.charAt(0);
}
/**
从键盘读取一个字符，并将其作为方法的返回值。
如果用户不输入字符而直接回车，方法将以defaultValue 作为返回值。
*/
public static char readChar(char defaultValue) {
String str = readKeyBoard(1, true);
return (str.length() == 0) ? defaultValue : str.charAt(0);
}
/**
从键盘读取一个长度不超过2位的整数，并将其作为方法的返回值。
*/
public static int readInt() {
int n;
for (; ; ) {
String str = readKeyBoard(2, false);
try {
n = Integer.parseInt(str);
break;
} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
System.out.print("数字输入错误，请重新输入：");
}
}
return n;
}
/**
从键盘读取一个长度不超过2位的整数，并将其作为方法的返回值。
如果用户不输入字符而直接回车，方法将以defaultValue 作为返回值。
*/
public static int readInt(int defaultValue) {
int n;
for (; ; ) {
String str = readKeyBoard(2, true);
if (str.equals("")) {
return defaultValue;
}
try {
n = Integer.parseInt(str);
break;
} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
System.out.print("数字输入错误，请重新输入：");
}
}
return n;
}
/**
从键盘读取一个长度不超过limit的字符串，并将其作为方法的返回值。
*/
public static String readString(int limit) {
return readKeyBoard(limit, false);
}
/**
从键盘读取一个长度不超过limit的字符串，并将其作为方法的返回值。
如果用户不输入字符而直接回车，方法将以defaultValue 作为返回值。
*/
public static String readString(int limit, String defaultValue) {
String str = readKeyBoard(limit, true);
return str.equals("")? defaultValue : str;
}
/**
用于确认选择的输入。该方法从键盘读取‘Y’或’N’，并将其作为方法的返回值。
*/
public static char readConfirmSelection() {
char c;
for (; ; ) {
String str = readKeyBoard(1, false).toUpperCase();
c = str.charAt(0);
if (c == 'Y' || c == 'N') {
break;
} else {
System.out.print("选择错误，请重新输入：");
}
}
return c;
}
private static String readKeyBoard(int limit, boolean blankReturn) {
String line = "";
while (scanner.hasNextLine()) {
line = scanner.nextLine();
if (line.length() == 0) {
if (blankReturn) return line;
else continue;
}
if (line.length() < 1 || line.length() > limit) {
System.out.print("输入长度（不大于" + limit + "）错误，请重新输入：");
continue;
}
break;
}
return line;
}
}
这个小项目是对客户的信息实现添加、修改、删除、遍历等功能，主要考察了Java的封装性、构造器、方法、this关键字的使用等知识点。下面是Customer类的代码
package Project02.bean;
/**
* Customer为实体对象，用来封装客户信息
*/
public class Customer {
private String name;//客户姓名
private char gender;//客户性别
private int age;//年龄
private String phone;//电话
private String email;//邮箱
public void setName(String name){
this.name = name;
}
public String getName(){
return name;
}
public void setGender(char gender){
this.gender = gender;
}
public char getGender(){
return gender;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public String getPhone() {
return phone;
}
public void setPhone(String phone) {
this.phone = phone;
}
public String getEmail() {
return email;
}
public void setEmail(String email) {
this.email = email;
}
public Customer(String name,char gender,int age,String phone,String email){
this.name = name;
this.gender = gender;
this.age = age;
this.phone = phone;
this.email = email;
}
}以下是CustomerList类的代码。
package Project02.service;
import Project02.bean.Customer;
/**
*内部用数组管理一组Customer对象，并提供相应的添加、修改、删除和遍历方法。
* 供CustomerView调用
*/
public class CustomerList {
private Customer[] customers;
private int total = 0;
//初始化customers数组
public CustomerList(int totalCustomer){
customers = new Customer[totalCustomer];
}
public boolean addCustomer(Customer customer){
if(total >= customers.length){
return false;
}
customers[total++] = customer;
return true;
}
public boolean replaceCustomer(int index,Customer cust){
if(index < 0 || index >= total){
return false;
}
customers[index] = cust;
return true;
}
public boolean deleteCustomer(int index){
if(index < 0 || index > total){
return false;
}
for(int i = index - 1;i < total - 1;i++){
customers[i] = customers[i + 1];
}
customers[total--] = null;
return true;
}
public Customer[] getAllCustomer(){
Customer[] custs = new Customer[total];
for(int i = 0;i < total;i++){
custs[i] = customers[i];
}
return custs;
}
public Customer getCustomer(int index){
if(index < 0 || index >= total){
return null;
}
return customers[index];
}
public int getTotal(){
return total;
}
}
以下是CustomerView类的代码。
package Project02.view;
import Project02.bean.Customer;
import Project02.service.CustomerList;
import Project02.util.CMUtility;
import com.sun.javafx.iio.gif.GIFImageLoaderFactory;
import sun.util.resources.cldr.en.CalendarData_en_UM;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
/**
* CustomerView为主模块，负责菜单的显示和处理用户操作
*/
public class CustomerView {
private CustomerList customerList = new CustomerList(10);
public CustomerView(){
Customer customer = new Customer("Jim",'男',23,"1123","jim@qq.com");
customerList.addCustomer(customer);
}
public void enterMainMenu(){
boolean isFlag = true;
while (isFlag) {
System.out.println("\n--------------------客户信息管理软件--------------------");
System.out.println(" 1 添 加 客 户 ");
System.out.println(" 2 修 改 客 户 ");
System.out.println(" 3 删 除 客 户 ");
System.out.println(" 4 客 户 列 表 ");
System.out.println(" 5 退 出\n ");
System.out.print(" 请选择（1-5）， ");
char menu =CMUtility.readMenuSelection();
switch (menu){
case'1':
addNewCustomer();
break;
case'2':
modifyCustomer();
break;
case'3':
deleteCustomer();
break;
case'4':
listAllCustomer();
break;
case'5':
System.out.print("确认是否退出Y/N");
char isExit = CMUtility.readConfirmSelection();
if(isExit == 'Y'){
isFlag = false;
}
}
}
}
private void addNewCustomer(){
System.out.println("---------------------------添加客户---------------------------");
System.out.print("姓名：");
String name = CMUtility.readString(10);
System.out.print("性别：");
char gender = CMUtility.readChar();
System.out.print("年龄：");
int age = CMUtility.readInt();
System.out.print("电话：");
String phone = CMUtility.readString(13);
System.out.print("邮箱：");
String email = CMUtility.readString(30);
//将上述数据封装到对象中
Customer customer = new Customer(name,gender,age,phone,email);
boolean isSusess = customerList.addCustomer(customer);
if(isSusess){
System.out.print("----------------------添加完成----------------------");
}else{
System.out.print("---------------------客户目录已满，添加失败----------------------");
}
}
//修改客户信息
private void modifyCustomer(){
System.out.println("---------------------------修改客户---------------------------");
Customer cust;
int number;
for(;;) {
System.out.print("请选择修改客户编号（-1退出）：");
number = CMUtility.readInt();
if (number == -1) {
return;
}
cust = customerList.getCustomer(number - 1);
if (cust == null) {
System.out.print("无法找到指定的客户！");
} else {//找到了相应的客户
break;
}
}
System.out.print("姓名(" + cust.getName() + "):");
String name = CMUtility.readString(10,cust.getName());
System.out.print("性别(" + cust.getGender() + "):");
char gender = CMUtility.readChar(cust.getGender());
System.out.print("年龄(" + cust.getAge() + "):");
int age = CMUtility.readInt(cust.getAge());
System.out.print("电话(" + cust.getPhone() + "):");
String phone = CMUtility.readString(13,cust.getPhone());
System.out.print("邮箱(" + cust.getEmail() + "):");
String email = CMUtility.readString(30,cust.getEmail());
Customer newCustomer = new Customer(name,gender,age,phone,email);
boolean isRepalaced = customerList.replaceCustomer(number - 1,newCustomer);
if(isRepalaced){
System.out.println("-----------------------------修改完成-------------------------");
}else{
System.out.println("-----------------------------修改失败-------------------------");
}
}
private void deleteCustomer(){
System.out.println("---------------------------------删除客户---------------------------------");
int number;
for(;;){
System.out.print("请输入待删除客户编号（-1退出）：");
number = CMUtility.readInt();
if(number == -1){
return;
}
Customer customer = customerList.getCustomer(number - 1);
if(customer == null){
System.out.println("无法找到该客户！");
}else{
break;
}
}
//找到了该客户
System.out.print("确认是否删除（Y/N）：");
char isDelete = CMUtility.readChar();
boolean deleteSuccess;
if(isDelete == 'Y' || isDelete == 'y') {
deleteSuccess = customerList.deleteCustomer(number );
if (deleteSuccess) {
System.out.println("------------------------------删除成功----------------------------");
} else {
System.out.println("------------------------------删除失败-----------------------------");
}
}
}
private void listAllCustomer(){
System.out.println("显示用户列表的操作");
System.out.println("-------------------------客户列表--------------------------");
int total = customerList.getTotal();
if(total == 0){
System.out.println("没有客户记录！");
}else{
System.out.println("编号\t姓名\t性别\t年龄\t电话\t\t邮箱");
Customer[] custs = customerList.getAllCustomer();
for(int i = 0;i < custs.length;i++){
System.out.println((i + 1) + "\t" + custs[i].getName() +
"\t" + custs[i].getGender() + "\t" + custs[i].getAge() +
"\t" + custs[i].getPhone() + "\t" + custs[i].getEmail());
}
}
System.out.println("-----------------------客户列表完成------------------------");
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
CustomerView m = new CustomerView();
m.enterMainMenu();
}
}
这部分是该项目的核心，我写的时候因为参数写错，导致实现删除客户功能无法实现，找了半天才找到问题所在，以后一定要注意！
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