怎样在Springboot中删除具有关联属性的数据？

在Springboot中删除具有关联属性的表

实现思路：

​ 1. 在需要删除的表的service中自定义remove方法，在remove中实现对关联数据的查询，如果查询到关联的数据，则说明不能删除，否则可以删除。

​ 2. 如果查询到有数据，即不能删除数据，则报出异常（自定义异常），并且返回给前端。

1.1、准备工作

• 根据id删除分类的功能，是需要检查删除的分类是否关联了菜品或者套餐，所以我们需要进行功能完善。

• 要完善分类删除功能，需要先准备基础的类和接口：

1. 实体类Dish和Setmeal

package com.mannor.reggie_take_out.entity;

import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.FieldFill;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.IdType;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.TableField;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.TableId;
import lombok.Data;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;

/**
 菜品
 */
@Data
public class Dish implements Serializable {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    private Long id;


    //菜品名称
    private String name;


    //菜品分类id
    private Long categoryId;


    //菜品价格
    private BigDecimal price;


    //商品码
    private String code;


    //图片
    private String image;


    //描述信息
    private String description;


    //0 停售 1 起售
    private Integer status;


    //顺序
    private Integer sort;


    @TableField(fill = FieldFill.INSERT)
    private LocalDateTime createTime;


    @TableField(fill = FieldFill.INSERT_UPDATE)
    private LocalDateTime updateTime;


    @TableField(fill = FieldFill.INSERT)
    private Long createUser;


    @TableField(fill = FieldFill.INSERT_UPDATE)
    private Long updateUser;


    //是否删除
    private Integer isDeleted;

}

package com.mannor.reggie_take_out.entity;

import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.FieldFill;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.IdType;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.TableField;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.TableId;
import lombok.Data;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;

/**
 * 套餐
 */
@Data
public class Setmeal implements Serializable {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    private Long id;


    //分类id
    private Long categoryId;


    //套餐名称
    private String name;


    //套餐价格
    private BigDecimal price;


    //状态 0:停用 1:启用
    private Integer status;


    //编码
    private String code;


    //描述信息
    private String description;


    //图片
    private String image;


    @TableField(fill = FieldFill.INSERT)
    private LocalDateTime createTime;


    @TableField(fill = FieldFill.INSERT_UPDATE)
    private LocalDateTime updateTime;


    @TableField(fill = FieldFill.INSERT)
    private Long createUser;


    @TableField(fill = FieldFill.INSERT_UPDATE)
    private Long updateUser;


    //是否删除
    private Integer isDeleted;
}

2. Mapper接口DishMapper和SetmealMapper

package com.mannor.reggie_take_out.mapper;

import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.mapper.BaseMapper;
import com.mannor.reggie_take_out.entity.Dish;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;

@Mapper
public interface DishMapper extends BaseMapper<Dish> {
}

package com.mannor.reggie_take_out.mapper;

import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.mapper.BaseMapper;
import com.mannor.reggie_take_out.entity.Setmeal;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;

@Mapper
public interface SetmealMapper extends BaseMapper<Setmeal> {
}

3. Service接口DishService和SetmealService

package com.mannor.reggie_take_out.service;

import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.extension.service.IService;
import com.mannor.reggie_take_out.entity.Dish;

public interface DishService extends IService<Dish> {
}

package com.mannor.reggie_take_out.service;

import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.extension.service.IService;
import com.mannor.reggie_take_out.entity.Setmeal;

public interface SetmealService extends IService<Setmeal> {
}

4. Service实现类DishServicelmpl和SetmealServicelmpl

package com.mannor.reggie_take_out.service.Impl;

import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.extension.service.impl.ServiceImpl;
import com.mannor.reggie_take_out.entity.Dish;
import com.mannor.reggie_take_out.mapper.DishMapper;
import com.mannor.reggie_take_out.service.DishService;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service
public class DishServiceImpl extends ServiceImpl<DishMapper, Dish> implements DishService {
}

package com.mannor.reggie_take_out.service.Impl;

import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.extension.service.impl.ServiceImpl;
import com.mannor.reggie_take_out.entity.Setmeal;
import com.mannor.reggie_take_out.mapper.SetmealMapper;
import com.mannor.reggie_take_out.service.SetmealService;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service
public class SetmealServiceImpl extends ServiceImpl<SetmealMapper, Setmeal> implements SetmealService {
}

1.2、编写remove方法

• 在需要删除的表（category表）中定义remove方法，在方法中实现对dish和setmeal表的数据查询，并且对查询数据进行判断，最后决定是否要删除，并且实现删除功能。

package com.mannor.reggie_take_out.service.Impl;

import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.conditions.query.LambdaQueryWrapper;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.extension.service.impl.ServiceImpl;
import com.mannor.reggie_take_out.common.CustomException;
import com.mannor.reggie_take_out.entity.Category;
import com.mannor.reggie_take_out.entity.Dish;
import com.mannor.reggie_take_out.entity.Setmeal;
import com.mannor.reggie_take_out.mapper.CategoryMapper;
import com.mannor.reggie_take_out.service.CategoryService;
import com.mannor.reggie_take_out.service.DishService;
import com.mannor.reggie_take_out.service.SetmealService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service
public class categoryServiceImpl extends ServiceImpl<CategoryMapper, Category> implements CategoryService {

    @Autowired
    private DishService dishService;

    @Autowired
    private SetmealService setmealService;

    /**
     * 根据id删除分类，删除之前判断是否有关联的数据
     *
     * @param id
     */
    @Override
    public void remove(Long id) {

        LambdaQueryWrapper<Dish> dishLambdaQueryWrapper = new LambdaQueryWrapper<>();
        dishLambdaQueryWrapper.eq(Dish::getCategoryId, id);//添加查询条件--》id
        int count1 = dishService.count(dishLambdaQueryWrapper);
        //查询当前分类是否关联了菜品，如果已经关联，抛出一个业务异常
        if (count1 > 0) {
            //关联了菜品，抛出业务异常
            throw new CustomException("当前分类下关联了菜品，不能删除");
        }

        LambdaQueryWrapper<Setmeal> setmealLambdaQueryWrapper = new LambdaQueryWrapper<>();
        setmealLambdaQueryWrapper.eq(Setmeal::getCategoryId, id);//添加查询条件--》id
        int count2 = setmealService.count(setmealLambdaQueryWrapper);
        //查询当前分类是否关联了套餐，如果已经关联，抛出一个业务异常
        if (count1 > 0) {
            //关联了套餐，抛出业务异常
            throw new CustomException("当前分类下关联了套餐，不能删除");
        }

        //正常删除分类
        super.removeById(id);
    }
}

1.3、对异常的处理

• 自定义异常CustomException

package com.mannor.reggie_take_out.common;

public class CustomException extends RuntimeException {
    public CustomException(String message) {
        super(message);
    }
}

• 对异常进行全局处理-，并且返回错误信息给前端

package com.mannor.reggie_take_out.common;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;

import java.sql.SQLIntegrityConstraintViolationException;

@ControllerAdvice(annotations = {RestController.class, Controller.class})
@ResponseBody
@Slf4j
public class GlobalExceptionHandler {

    /**
     * 异常处理方法(分类删除的自定义异常处理)
     * @param ex
     * @return
     */
    @ExceptionHandler(CustomException.class)
    public R<String> exceptionHandler(CustomException ex) {
        log.error(ex.getMessage());
        return R.error(ex.getMessage());
    }
}