UVA133 救济金发放 The Dole Queue 题解

题意翻译

题目描述 n(n<20)个人站成一圈,逆时针编号为 1~n。有两个官员,A从1开始逆时针数,B从n开始顺时针数。在每一轮中,官员A数k个就停下来,官员B数m个就停下来(两个官员有可能能停在同一个人上)。接下来被官员选中的1个或2个人离开队伍。

输入格式 输入n ,k ,m ,可能有多组数据,以 0 0 0结尾。

输出格式 输出每轮里被选中的人的编号(如果有两个人,先输出被A选中的)。输出的每个数应正好占3列。样例中的“ ␣ ”代表一个空格。

输入输出样例

输入 #1

10 4 3
0 0 0

输出 #1

␣␣4␣␣8,␣␣9␣

思路

设置一个数组,用来记录队伍中的编号是否出现过,设置一个变量,用来记录已经出现了多少编号了,设置两个变量,记录两个官员数到哪了.注意顺时针数的那个官员,可能会出现负数,变成负数则加上n.

代码

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
int main() {
	int n;
	int k;
	int m;
	int que[25];
	while (1) {
		scanf("%d%d%d", &n, &k, &m);
        // 退出条件
		if (n == 0) {
			return 0;
		}
		int num = 0;
        // 注意初始化
		memset(que, 0, sizeof(que));
		int x = 0;
		int y = n - 1;
		int q;
        // 循环退出条件,所有编号都出现
		while (num < n) {
			int i = 0;
			while (i < k) {
                // 数到已经出现过的编号则跳过,数下一个
				if (que[x % n] == 1) {
					x++;
				} else {
					x++;
					i++;
				}
			}
            // 注意占三列,且这里不要写que[(x - 1) % n] = 1,需要放到一轮猜完后
			printf("%3d", (x - 1) % n + 1);
			int j = 0;
			while (j < m) {
				if (y < 0) {
					y = y + n;
				}				
				if(que[y % n] == 1) {
					y--;
				} else {
					y--;
					j++;
				}
			}
            // 还需要进行一次判断
			if ((y + 1) % n != (x - 1) % n) {
				printf("%3d", (y + 1) % n + 1);
				que[(y + 1) % n] = 1;
				num++;
			}
			que[(x - 1) % n] = 1;
			num++;
            // ','和回车出现的判断
			if (num != n){
				printf(",");			
			} else {
				printf("\n");
			}
		}
	}
	return 0;
}

紫书上给了一种更加简洁的写法

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#define maxn 25
int n, k, m;
int a[maxn];
// 返回移动到哪,使用一个d变量,完成了两种移动方式的
int go(int p, int d, int t) {
	while (t--) {
		do {
            // 非常巧妙的运算
			p = (p + d + n - 1) % n + 1;
		} while (a[p] == 0);
	}
	return p;
}
int main() {
	while (scanf("%d%d%d", &n, &k, &m) == 3 && n) {
		for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
			a[i] = 1;
		}
		a[0] = 0;
		int left = n;
		int p1 = n;
		int p2 = 1;
		while (left) {
			p1 = go(p1, 1, k);
			p2 = go(p2, -1, m);
			printf("%3d", p1);
			left--;
			if (p1 != p2) {
				printf("%3d",p2);
				left--;
			}
			a[p1] = a[p2] = 0;
			if (left) {
				printf(",");
			}
		}
		printf("\n");
	}
	return 0;
}
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C++编写程序,实现以下问题2、题目ID Codes(POJ1146) Time Limit: 1000MS Memory Limit: 10000K 描述: It is 2084 and the year of Big Brother has finally arrived, albeit a century late. In order to exercise greater control over its citizens and thereby to counter a chronic breakdown in law and order, the Government decides on a radical measure--all citizens are to have a tiny microcomputer surgically implanted in their left wrists. This computer will contains all sorts of personal information as well as a transmitter which will allow people's movements to be logged and monitored by a central computer. (A desirable side effect of this process is that it will shorten the dole queue for plastic surgeons.) An essential component of each computer will be a unique identification code, consisting of up to 50 characters drawn from the 26 lower case letters. The set of characters for any given code is chosen somewhat haphazardly. The complicated way in which the code is imprinted into the chip makes it much easier for the manufacturer to produce codes which are rearrangements of other codes than to produce new codes with a different selection of letters. Thus, once a set of letters has been chosen all possible codes derivable from it are used before changing the set. For example, suppose it is decided that a code will contain exactly 3 occurrences of a', 2 of b' and 1 of c', then three of the allowable 60 codes under these conditions are: abaabc abaacb ababac These three codes are listed from top to bottom in alphabetic order. Among all codes generated with this set of characters, these codes appear consecutively in this order. Write a program to assist in the issuing of these identification codes. Your program will accept a sequence of no more than 50 lower case letters (which may contain repeated characters) and print the successor code if one exists or the message No Successor' if the given code is the last in the sequence for that set of characters. 输入: Input will consist of a series of lines each containing a string representing a code. The entire file will be terminated by a line consisting of a single #. 输出: Output will consist of one line for each code read containing the successor code or the words 'No Successor'. 样例输入 abaacb cbbaa # 样例输出 ababac No Successor
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05-22
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