spring配置数据源

1. Spring配置数据源

1.0数据源(连接池)的作用

● 数据源(连接池)是提高程序性能如出现的● 事先实例化数据源，初始化部分连接资源● 使用连接资源时从数据源中获取● 使用完毕后将连接资源归还给数据源

常见的数据源(连接池):DBCP ,C3P0 ,BoneCP ,Druid等

1.1 数据源的开发布置

1.导入数据源的坐标和数据库驱动坐标
2.创建数据源对象
3.设置数据源的基本连接数据
4.使用数据源获取连接资源和归还连接资源

1.2 数据源的手动创建

//导包
<dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>3.8.1</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>mysql</groupId>
      <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
      <version>8.0.30</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>c3p0</groupId>
      <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
      <version>0.9.1.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
      <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
      <version>1.1.23</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.13.2</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

具体实现

package com.jian.test;

import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource;
import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidPooledConnection;
import com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource;
import org.junit.Test;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.util.ResourceBundle;

public class DataSourceTest {

    @Test
    //测试手动创建c3p3数据源(加载properties配置文件)
    public void test3()throws Exception{
        //读取配置文件
        ResourceBundle rb=ResourceBundle.getBundle("jdbc");
        String driver=rb.getString("jdbc.driver");
        String url=rb.getString("jdbc.url");
        String username=rb.getString("jdbc.username");
        String password=rb.getString("jdbc.password");
        //创建数据源对象 设置连接参数
        ComboPooledDataSource dataSource=new ComboPooledDataSource();
        dataSource.setDriverClass(driver);
        dataSource.setJdbcUrl(url);
        dataSource.setUser(username);
        dataSource.setPassword(password);
        Connection connection = dataSource.getConnection();
        System.out.println(connection);
        connection.close();

    }

    @Test
    //测试手动创建druid数据源
    public void test2()throws Exception{
        DruidDataSource dataSource=new DruidDataSource();
        dataSource.setDriverClassName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
        dataSource.setUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test");
        dataSource.setUsername("root");
        dataSource.setPassword("123456");
        DruidPooledConnection connection=dataSource.getConnection();
        System.out.println(connection);
        connection.close();
    }

    @Test
    //测试手动创建c3p3数据源
    public void test1()throws Exception{
        ComboPooledDataSource dataSource=new ComboPooledDataSource();
        dataSource.setDataSourceName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
        dataSource.setJdbcUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test");
        dataSource.setUser("root");
        dataSource.setPassword("123456");
        Connection connection= dataSource.getConnection();
        System.out.println(connection);
        connection.close();
    }
}

test3():

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=123456

1.3 Spring配置数据源

可以将DataSource的创建权交由Spring容器去完成

package com.jian.test;

import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource;
import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidPooledConnection;
import com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.applet.AppletContext;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.util.ResourceBundle;

public class DataSourceTest {

    @Test
    //测试Spring容器产生数据对象
    public void test4()throws Exception{
        ApplicationContext app=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
        DataSource dataSource = app.getBean(DataSource.class);
        Connection connection=dataSource.getConnection();
        System.out.println(connection);
        connection.close();
    }
}

applicationContext.xml配置(注意连接的数据源即连接池)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
//name：具体实现要看age：ComboPooledDataSource即使用的数据源
        <property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property>
        <property name="JdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test"></property>
        <property name="user" value="root"></property>
        <property name="password" value="123456"></property>
    </bean>
</beans>

1.4 抽取jdbc配置文件

applicationContext.xm 加载 jdbc.properties 配文件获得连接信息。首先，需要引入context命名空间和约束路径:

命名空间: xmIns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
约束路径: http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/ context/spring-context.xsd

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
                          http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    <!--加载外部的properties文件-->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"></property>
        <property name="JdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"></property>
        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"></property>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
    </bean>
</beans>

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=123456

package com.jian.test;

import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource;
import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidPooledConnection;
import com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.applet.AppletContext;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.util.ResourceBundle;

public class DataSourceTest {

    @Test
    //测试Spring容器产生数据对象
    public void test4()throws Exception{
        ApplicationContext app=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
        DataSource dataSource = app.getBean(DataSource.class);
        Connection connection=dataSource.getConnection();
        System.out.println(connection);
        connection.close();
    }
}

1.5 知识要点

Spring容器加载properties文件

<context:property-placeholderlocation="xx.properties"/>
<propertyname==""value=="${key}"/>//案例如上