组件之远程调用RestTemplate和HttpClient、Hutool的snowFlake雪花算法

RestTemplate

1.需要springweb的jar包，import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

2.spring默认不自动自动装配它，需要配置类直接new一个。

@Configuration
public class RestConfig {

    @Bean  //把方法的返回对象交于spring容器管理
    public RestTemplate restTemplate(){
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}

3.使用时直接导入RestTemplate,就可使用

示例：

 Product product = restTemplate.getForObject(
"http://localhost:8001/product/getById/" + pid, Product.class);

参数：  调用路径，返回值的用什么来包装。

HttpClient

最泛用的远程调用方式，java端模拟浏览器

工具类，直接复制即可使用。

package com.example.wxpay.util;

import org.apache.http.Consts;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.*;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLContextBuilder;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.TrustStrategy;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
import java.text.ParseException;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * http请求客户端
 * 
 * @author 必须引入httpclient的依赖：在java端模拟浏览器的效果。
 * 
 */
public class HttpClient {
   private String url;
   private Map<String, String> param;
   private int statusCode;
   private String content;
   private String xmlParam;
   private boolean isHttps;
   public boolean isHttps() {
      return isHttps;
   }
   public void setHttps(boolean isHttps) {
      this.isHttps = isHttps;
   }
   public String getXmlParam() {
      return xmlParam;
   }
   public void setXmlParam(String xmlParam) {
      this.xmlParam = xmlParam;
   }
   public HttpClient(String url, Map<String, String> param) {
      this.url = url;
      this.param = param;
   }
   public HttpClient(String url) {
      this.url = url;
   }
   public void setParameter(Map<String, String> map) {
      param = map;
   }
   public void addParameter(String key, String value) {
      if (param == null)
         param = new HashMap<String, String>();
      param.put(key, value);
   }
   public void post() throws ClientProtocolException, IOException {
      HttpPost http = new HttpPost(url);
      setEntity(http);
      execute(http);
   }
   public void put() throws ClientProtocolException, IOException {
      HttpPut http = new HttpPut(url);
      setEntity(http);
      execute(http);
   }
   public void get() throws ClientProtocolException, IOException {
      if (param != null) {
         StringBuilder url = new StringBuilder(this.url);
         boolean isFirst = true;
         for (String key : param.keySet()) {
            if (isFirst)
               url.append("?");
            else
               url.append("&");
            url.append(key).append("=").append(param.get(key));
         }
         this.url = url.toString();
      }
      HttpGet http = new HttpGet(url);
      execute(http);
   }
   /**
    * set http post,put param
    */
   private void setEntity(HttpEntityEnclosingRequestBase http) {
      if (param != null) {
         List<NameValuePair> nvps = new LinkedList<NameValuePair>();
         for (String key : param.keySet())
            nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key, param.get(key))); // 参数
         http.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nvps, Consts.UTF_8)); // 设置参数
      }
      if (xmlParam != null) {
         http.setEntity(new StringEntity(xmlParam, Consts.UTF_8));
      }
   }
   private void execute(HttpUriRequest http) throws ClientProtocolException,
         IOException {
      CloseableHttpClient httpClient = null;
      try {
         if (isHttps) {
            SSLContext sslContext = new SSLContextBuilder()
                  .loadTrustMaterial(null, new TrustStrategy() {
                     // 信任所有
                     public boolean isTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain,
                           String authType)
                           throws CertificateException {
                        return true;
                     }
                  }).build();
            SSLConnectionSocketFactory sslsf = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(
                  sslContext);
            httpClient = HttpClients.custom().setSSLSocketFactory(sslsf)
                  .build();
         } else {
            httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
         }
         CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(http);
         try {
            if (response != null) {
               if (response.getStatusLine() != null)
                  statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
               HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
               // 响应内容
               content = EntityUtils.toString(entity, Consts.UTF_8);
            }
         } finally {
            response.close();
         }
      } catch (Exception e) {
         e.printStackTrace();
      } finally {
         httpClient.close();
      }
   }
   public int getStatusCode() {
      return statusCode;
   }
   public String getContent() throws ParseException, IOException {
      return content;
   }
}

使用：

HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClient("https://api.mch.weixin.qq.com/pay/orderquery");
            httpClient.setHttps(true);
            httpClient.setXmlParam(WXPayUtil.generateSignedXml(map, "Cc"));
            httpClient.post();
            String xml1 = httpClient.getContent();

new一个对象，设置是否https协议，设置参数，返回，取调用结果。

Hutool工具类jar包

有很多好用的工具类。

雪花算法，唯一，订单号等不可重复但较为重要，比如需要跟客服联系时报订单号，若用含有字母的订单号时，客户发音不清或者不认识，就容易混淆，数字常用较易辨别。

long snowflakeNextId = IdUtil.getSnowflakeNextId();
        return  IdUtil.fastSimpleUUID()+"**id:"+snowflakeNextId;

getSnowflakeNextId() 返回long

getSnowfakeNextIdStr()返回全是数字的字符串。不需要数字转字符串了。

fastSimpleuuid返回含字母的字shishi