podman

podman

podman的介绍

Podman 是一个开源项目，可在大多数 Linux 平台上使用，并位于GitHub 上。Podman 是一个无守护进程的容器引擎，用于在 Linux 系统上开发、管理和运行 Open Container Initiative (OCI) 容器和容器映像。

安装部署podman

[root@localhost ~]yum  -y install podman
[root@localhost ~]# podman -help
Manage pods, containers and images

Usage:
  podman [options] [command]

Available Commands:
  attach      Attach to a running container
  auto-update Auto update containers according to their auto-update policy
  build       Build an image using instructions from Containerfiles
  commit      Create new image based on the changed container
  container   Manage containers
  cp          Copy files/folders between a container and the local filesystem
  create      Create but do not start a container
  diff        Display the changes to the object's file system
.......

[root@localhost ~]# podman version
Version:      3.4.1-dev
API Version:  3.4.1-dev
Go Version:   go1.16.7
Built:        Wed Oct 20 00:11:42 2021
OS/Arch:      linux/amd64

podman基础命令

info

显示 podman 系统信息

• [root@localhost ~]# podman info 
  host:
  arch: amd64
  buildahVersion: 1.23.1
  cgroupControllers:
  
  - cpuset
  - cpu
  - cpuacct
  - blkio
  - memory
  - devices
  - freezer
  - net_cls
  - perf_event
  - net_prio
  - hugetlb
  - pids
  - rdma
    cgroupManager: systemd
      cgroupVersion: v1
      ........
  
  

login和logout

login：登录到容器注册表

logout：注销容器注册表

[root@localhost ~]# podman login  docker
Username: yqz1234
Password:
Login Succeeded!

[root@localhost ~]# podman logout 
Removed login credentials for docker

diff

diff:检查容器文件系统上的更改

[root@localhost ~]# podman diff centos
A /var/db
A /var/spool
A /var/spool/lpd
A /var/spool/mail
A /bin
A /lib64
A /mnt
........

history

history:显示指定图像的历史记录

[root@localhost ~]# podman image history centos
ID            CREATED        CREATED BY                                     SIZE        COMMENT
300e315adb2f  20 months ago  /bin/sh -c #(nop)  CMD ["/bin/bash"]           0 B         
<missing>     20 months ago  /bin/sh -c #(nop)  LABEL org.label-schema....  0 B         
<missing>     20 months ago  /bin/sh -c #(nop) ADD file:bd7a2aed6ede423...  217 MB      

inspect

inspect:检查显示容器或图像的配置

[root@localhost ~]# podman image inspect centos
[
    {
        "Id": "300e315adb2f96afe5f0b2780b87f28ae95231fe3bdd1e16b9ba606307728f55",
        "Digest": "sha256:8301d100020ffaedc93f57d8c8bb0e8e88006862bcb48ebc5dfbe1d1cb83060c",
        "RepoTags": [
            "quay.io/centos/centos:latest"
        ],
        "RepoDigests": [
            "quay.io/centos/centos@sha256:8301d100020ffaedc93f57d8c8bb0e8e88006862bcb48ebc5dfbe1d1cb83060c",

save

save：镜像保存到本地

[root@localhost ~]# podman image save centos > centos.tar
[root@localhost ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  centos.tar  daemon.json  html  software  start.sh  yyz

load

load：从tar存档加载镜像

[root@localhost ~]# podman image load < centos.tar 
Getting image source signatures
Copying blob 2653d992f4ef skipped: already exists  
Copying config 300e315adb done  
Writing manifest to image destination
Storing signatures
Loaded image(s): quay.io/centos/centos:latest

[root@localhost ~]# podman image list
REPOSITORY             TAG         IMAGE ID      CREATED        SIZE
quay.io/centos/centos  latest      300e315adb2f  20 months ago  217 MB

search

search：搜素镜像

[root@localhost ~]# podman image search busybox
INDEX       NAME                                         DESCRIPTION                                      STARS       OFFICIAL    AUTOMATED
docker.io   docker.io/library/busybox                    Busybox base image.                              2712        [OK]        
docker.io   docker.io/rancher/busybox                                                                     0                       
docker.io   docker.io/ibmcom/busybox                                                                      0                       
docker.io   docker.io/openebs/busybox-client                                                              0                       
docker.io   docker.io/antrea/busybox                                                                      0                       
docker.io   docker.io/ibmcom/busybox-amd64        

pull

pull:拉取镜像

[root@localhost ~]# podman image pull  busybox
Resolved "busybox" as an alias (/etc/containers/registries.conf.d/000-shortnames.conf)
Trying to pull docker.io/library/busybox:latest...
Getting image source signatures
Copying blob 50783e0dfb64 done  
Copying config 7a80323521 done  
Writing manifest to image destination
Storing signatures
7a80323521ccd4c2b4b423fa6e38e5cea156600f40cd855e464cc52a321a24dd

tag

tag：为本地图像添加附加名称

[root@localhost ~]# podman tag busybox yqz/busybox:v0.1
[root@localhost ~]# podman image list
REPOSITORY                 TAG         IMAGE ID      CREATED        SIZE
docker.io/library/busybox  latest      7a80323521cc  2 weeks ago    1.47 MB
localhost/yqz/busybox      v0.1        7a80323521cc  2 weeks ago    1.47 MB
quay.io/centos/centos      latest      300e315adb2f  20 months ago  217 MB

create

create:创建一个或多个容器

[root@localhost ~]# podman container  create  centos
0f5c3eb79fd326b7decce2fced0e9a025f72f8e0a8ee62db9186295e934bb8a6
[root@localhost ~]# podman container create  --name alg centos
35bf495d5a602ae8c789f587350b48d4b5c3d614fd67b7ddbb64ef8e876cd44f

start

start:启动一个或多个容器

[root@localhost ~]# podman container start 0f5c3eb79fd3 alg
0f5c3eb79fd3
alg

tree

tree:以树格式打印镜像的图层层次结构

[root@localhost ~]# podman image tree busybox
Image ID: 7a80323521cc
Tags:     [docker.io/library/busybox:latest localhost/yqz/busybox:v0.1]
Size:     1.468MB
Image Layers
└── ID: 084326605ab6 Size: 1.463MB Top Layer of: [docker.io/library/busybox:latest localhost/yqz/busybox:v0.1]

list

list:列出本地存储的镜像

[root@localhost ~]# podman image list
REPOSITORY                 TAG         IMAGE ID      CREATED        SIZE
docker.io/library/busybox  latest      7a80323521cc  2 weeks ago    1.47 MB
localhost/yqz/busybox      v0.1        7a80323521cc  2 weeks ago    1.47 MB
quay.io/centos/centos      latest      300e315adb2f  20 months ago  217 MB