1)使用场景
Map Join适用于一张表十分小、一张表很大的场景。
2)优点
思考:在Reduce端处理过多的表,非常容易产生数据倾斜。怎么办?
在Map端缓存多张表,提前处理业务逻辑,这样增加Map端业务,减少Reduce端数据的压力,尽可能的减少数据倾斜。
MapJoin实操
1 先在MapJoinDriver驱动类中添加缓存文件
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.NullWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.input.FileInputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.output.FileOutputFormat;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URI;
import java.net.URISyntaxException;
public class MapJoinDriver {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, URISyntaxException, ClassNotFoundException, InterruptedException {
// 1 获取job信息
Configuration conf = new Configuration();
Job job = Job.getInstance(conf);
// 2 设置加载jar包路径
job.setJarByClass(MapJoinDriver.class);
// 3 关联mapper
job.setMapperClass(MapJoinMapper.class);
// 4 设置Map输出KV类型
job.setMapOutputKeyClass(Text.class);
job.setMapOutputValueClass(NullWritable.class);
// 5 设置最终输出KV类型
job.setOutputKeyClass(Text.class);
job.setOutputValueClass(NullWritable.class);
// 加载缓存数据
job.addCacheFile(new URI("file:///D:/input/tablecache/pd.txt"));
// Map端Join的逻辑不需要Reduce阶段,设置reduceTask数量为0
job.setNumReduceTasks(0);
// 6 设置输入输出路径
FileInputFormat.setInputPaths(job, new Path("D:\\input"));
FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(job, new Path("D:\\output"));
// 7 提交
boolean b = job.waitForCompletion(true);
System.exit(b ? 0 : 1);
}
}
2 在MapJoinMapper类中的setup方法中读取缓存文件
import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FSDataInputStream;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.IOUtils;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.LongWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.NullWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Mapper;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.URI;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
public class MapJoinMapper extends Mapper<LongWritable, Text, Text, NullWritable> {
private Map<String, String> pdMap = new HashMap<>();
private Text text = new Text();
//任务开始前将pd数据缓存进pdMap
@Override
protected void setup(Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
//通过缓存文件得到小表数据pd.txt
URI[] cacheFiles = context.getCacheFiles();
Path path = new Path(cacheFiles[0]);
//获取文件系统对象,并开流
FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(context.getConfiguration());
FSDataInputStream fis = fs.open(path);
//通过包装流转换为reader,方便按行读取
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(fis, "UTF-8"));
//逐行读取,按行处理
String line;
while (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(line = reader.readLine())) {
//切割一行
//01 小米
String[] split = line.split("\t");
pdMap.put(split[0], split[1]);
}
//关流
IOUtils.closeStream(reader);
}
@Override
protected void map(LongWritable key, Text value, Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
//读取大表数据
//1001 01 1
String[] fields = value.toString().split("\t");
//通过大表每行数据的pid,去pdMap里面取出pname
String pname = pdMap.get(fields[1]);
//将大表每行数据的pid替换为pname
text.set(fields[0] + "\t" + pname + "\t" + fields[2]);
//写出
context.write(text,NullWritable.get());
}
}