JavaSE项目练习:图书管理系统

1.简介

通过前面知识:类,抽象类,封装,继承,多态,接口的学习,这篇文章将会通过对学习的知识点的整合运用,写一个小项目——图书管理系统,来帮助大家更好的掌握前面学习的知识点。

2.设计需求

  1. 根据用户信息进行登录(选择身份)

  2. 管理员身份

  • 查找图书
  • 新增图书
  • 删除图书
  • 显示图书
  • 退出系统
  1. 普通用户身份
  • 查找图书
  • 借阅图书
  • 归还图书
  • 退出系统

3.相关类的设计

根据设计需求,我们分析所需要的类.

  1. 首先是图书类 -> 先创建 package book包 -> 创建 Book 类, 表示一本书,创建 BookList 类, 用来保存 N 本书.

  2. 接着是操作类 ->先创建 package operation包 -> 根据功能创建操作类

     							AddOperation  -> 新增图书
     							BrowOperation -> 借阅图书
     							DelOperation -> 删除图书
     							ExitOperation -> 退出系统
     							FindOperation	-> 查找图书							
     							ReturnOperation -> 归还图书
     							ShowOperation -> 显示图书
    

根据操作类来设计一个接口IOPeration

  1. 然后创建用户类 -> 先创建 package user包 -> 创建 User 类, 这是一个抽象类,创建普通用户类, 是 User 的子类创建管理员用户类。

  2. 最后创建测试类Main 来测试下代码的基本框架是否存在问题。

4.图书类

1.Book类

package book;

/**
 * Created with IntelliJ IDEA.
 * Description:书籍信息
 * User: 28144
 * Date: 2022-11-27
 * Time: 18:59
 */
public class Book {
    private String name;//名字
    private String author;//作者
    private int price;//价格
    private String type;//类型
    private boolean isBorrowed;//是否被借出

    public Book(String name, String author, int price, String type) {
        this.name = name;
        this.author = author;
        this.price = price;
        this.type = type;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getAuthor() {
        return author;
    }

    public void setAuthor(String author) {
        this.author = author;
    }

    public double getPrice() {
        return price;
    }

    public void setPrice(int price) {
        this.price = price;
    }

    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }

    public void setType(String type) {
        this.type = type;
    }

    public boolean isBorrowed() {
        return isBorrowed;
    }

    public void setBorrowed(boolean borrowed) {
        isBorrowed = borrowed;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Book{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", author='" + author + '\'' +
                ", price=" + price +
                ", type='" + type +
                (isBorrowed == true ? "  已近被借出" : "  未被借出")
                + '}';
    }
}

2. BookList类

package book;

/**
 * Created with IntelliJ IDEA.
 * Description:书架
 * User: 28144
 * Date: 2022-11-27
 * Time: 19:06
 */
public class BookList {
    private Book[] books = new Book[10];

    private int usedSize;//来记录当前books数组当中有多少本书

    public BookList() {
        books[0] = new Book("三国演义","罗贯中",89,"小说");
        books[1] = new Book("西游记","吴承恩",59,"小说");
        books[2] = new Book("红楼梦","曹雪芹",189,"小说");
        this.usedSize = 3;
    }

    public Book getBook(int pos) {
        return this.books[pos];
    }

    public void setBook(Book book) {
        this.books[usedSize] = book;
    }

    public void setBook(int pos,Book book) {
        this.books[pos] = book;
    }

    public int getUsedSize() {
        return usedSize;
    }

    public void setUsedSize(int usedSize) {
        this.usedSize = usedSize;
    }
}

5.操作类

操作的接口:

package opera;

import book.BookList;

/**
 * Created with IntelliJ IDEA.
 * Description:
 * User: 28144
 * Date: 2022-11-27
 * Time: 19:16
 */
public interface IOPeration {
    void work(BookList bookList);
}

1.新增图书

package opera;

import book.Book;
import book.BookList;

import java.util.Scanner;

/**
 * Created with IntelliJ IDEA.
 * Description:
 * User: 28144
 * Date: 2022-11-27
 * Time: 19:18
 */
public class AddOperation implements IOPeration{
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        System.out.println("新增图书!");
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("输入书名:");
        String name = scanner.nextLine();
        System.out.println("输入作者:");
        String author = scanner.nextLine();
        System.out.println("请输入类型:");
        String type = scanner.nextLine();
        System.out.println("输入价格:");
        int price = scanner.nextInt();


        Book book = new Book(name,author,price,type);
        int currentSize = bookList.getUsedSize();
        for (int i = 0; i < currentSize; i++) {
            Book tmp = bookList.getBook(i);
            if(tmp.getName().equals(name)) {
                System.out.println("这本书已经存在,不能再放入!");
                return;
            }
        }
        bookList.setBook(book);
        //修改usedSize
        bookList.setUsedSize(currentSize + 1);

    }
}

在这里插入图片描述

2.借阅图书

package opera;

import book.Book;
import book.BookList;

import java.util.Scanner;

/**
 * Created with IntelliJ IDEA.
 * Description:
 * User: 28144
 * Date: 2022-11-27
 * Time: 19:25
 */
public class BrowOperation implements IOPeration{
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        System.out.println("借阅图书!");
        System.out.println("输入你要借阅的图书:");
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        String name = scanner.nextLine();
        int currentSize = bookList.getUsedSize();
        for (int i = 0; i < currentSize; i++) {
            Book book = bookList.getBook(i);
            if(book.getName().equals(name) && !book.isBorrowed()) {
                book.setBorrowed(true);
                System.out.println("借阅成功!");
                return;
            }
        }
        System.out.println("借阅失败!");

    }
}

在这里插入图片描述

3.删除图书

package opera;

import book.Book;
import book.BookList;

import java.util.Scanner;

/**
 * Created with IntelliJ IDEA.
 * Description:
 * User: 28144
 * Date: 2022-11-27
 * Time: 19:21
 */
public class DelOperation implements IOPeration{
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        System.out.println("删除图书!");
        System.out.println("请输入你要删除图书的名字:");
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        String name = scanner.nextLine();
        int currentSize = bookList.getUsedSize();
        int index = -1;
        for (int i = 0; i < currentSize; i++) {
            Book tmp = bookList.getBook(i);
            if(tmp.getName().equals(name)) {
                index = i;
                break;
            }
        }
        //挪动数据
        for (int j = index; j < currentSize - 1; j++) {
            Book book = bookList.getBook(j + 1);
            bookList.setBook(j,book);
        }
        //修改Size
        bookList.setUsedSize(currentSize - 1);
        //因为删除的是对象,所以把最后一个置为null
        bookList.setBook(currentSize - 1,null);
        System.out.println("删除成功!");
    }
}

在这里插入图片描述

4.查找图书

package opera;

import book.Book;
import book.BookList;

import java.util.Scanner;

/**
 * Created with IntelliJ IDEA.
 * Description:
 * User: 28144
 * Date: 2022-11-27
 * Time: 19:20
 */
public class FindOperation implements IOPeration{
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        System.out.println("查找图书!");
        System.out.println("请输入你要查找的图书的名字:");
        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
        String name = sc.nextLine();
        int currentSize = bookList.getUsedSize();
        for (int i = 0; i < currentSize; i++) {
            Book book = bookList.getBook(i);
            if(book.getName().equals(name)) {
                System.out.println("找到了这本书");
                System.out.println(book);
                return;
            }
        }
        System.out.println("没有这本书!");
    }
}

在这里插入图片描述

在这里插入图片描述

5.归还图书

package opera;

import book.Book;
import book.BookList;

import java.util.Scanner;

/**
 * Created with IntelliJ IDEA.
 * Description:
 * User: 28144
 * Date: 2022-11-27
 * Time: 19:25
 */
public class ReturnOperation implements IOPeration{
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        System.out.println("归还图书!");
        System.out.println("输入你要归还的图书:");
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        String name = scanner.nextLine();
        int currentSize = bookList.getUsedSize();
        for (int i = 0; i < currentSize; i++) {
            Book book = bookList.getBook(i);
            if (book.getName().equals(name) && book.isBorrowed()) {
                book.setBorrowed(false);
                System.out.println("归还成功!");
                return;
            }
        }
        System.out.println("归还失败!");
    }
}

在这里插入图片描述

6.显示图书

package opera;

import book.Book;
import book.BookList;

/**
 * Created with IntelliJ IDEA.
 * Description:
 * User: 28144
 * Date: 2022-11-27
 * Time: 19:22
 */
public class ShowOperation implements IOPeration{
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        System.out.println("打印所有图书!");
        int currentSize = bookList.getUsedSize();
        for (int i = 0; i < currentSize; i++) {
            Book book = bookList.getBook(i);
            System.out.println(book);
        }
    }
}

在这里插入图片描述

7.退出系统

package opera;

import book.BookList;

/**
 * Created with IntelliJ IDEA.
 * Description:
 * User: 28144
 * Date: 2022-11-27
 * Time: 19:24
 */
public class ExitOperation implements IOPeration{
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        System.out.println("退出系统!");
        System.exit(0);
    }
}

在这里插入图片描述

6.用户类

1.User类

创建 User类, 这是一个抽象类

package user;

import book.BookList;
import opera.IOPeration;

/**
 * Created with IntelliJ IDEA.
 * Description:
 * User: 28144
 * Date: 2022-11-27
 * Time: 19:12
 */
public abstract class User {
    protected String name;

    protected IOPeration[] ioPerations;

    public User(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public abstract int menu();

    public void dowork(int choice, BookList bookList) {
        this.ioPerations[choice].work(bookList);
    }
}

2.普通用户类

创建普通用户类, 是 User 的子类.

package user;

import opera.*;

import java.util.Scanner;

/**
 * Created with IntelliJ IDEA.
 * Description:
 * User: 28144
 * Date: 2022-11-27
 * Time: 19:14
 */
public class NormalUser extends User{

    public NormalUser(String name) {
        super(name);
        this.ioPerations = new IOPeration[] {
            new ExitOperation(),
            new FindOperation(),
            new BrowOperation(),
            new ReturnOperation(),
        };
    }

    public int menu() {
        System.out.println("********************************");
        System.out.println("hello " + name + " 欢迎来到图书小练习");
        System.out.println("1.查找图书!");
        System.out.println("2.借阅图书!");
        System.out.println("3.归还图书!");
        System.out.println("0.退出系统!");
        System.out.println("********************************");
        System.out.println("请输入你的操作:");
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        int choice = scanner.nextInt();
        return choice;
    }
}

在这里插入图片描述

3.管理员类

创建管理员用户类.

package user;

import opera.*;

import java.util.Scanner;

/**
 * Created with IntelliJ IDEA.
 * Description:
 * User: 28144
 * Date: 2022-11-27
 * Time: 19:13
 */
public class AdminUser extends User {

    public AdminUser(String name) {
        super(name);
        this.ioPerations = new IOPeration[] {
                new ExitOperation(),
                new FindOperation(),
                new AddOperation(),
                new DelOperation(),
                new ShowOperation(),
        };
    }

    public int menu() {
        System.out.println("********************************");
        System.out.println("hello " + name + " 欢迎来到图书小练习");
        System.out.println("1.查找图书!");
        System.out.println("2.新增图书!");
        System.out.println("3.删除图书!");
        System.out.println("4.显示图书!");
        System.out.println("0.退出系统!");
        System.out.println("********************************");
        System.out.println("请输入你的操作:");
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        int choice = scanner.nextInt();
        return choice;
    }
}

在这里插入图片描述

7.测试类

import book.Book;
import book.BookList;
import user.AdminUser;
import user.NormalUser;
import user.User;

import java.util.Scanner;

/**
 * Created with IntelliJ IDEA.
 * Description:
 * User: 28144
 * Date: 2022-11-27
 * Time: 19:32
 */
public class Main {
    public static User login() {
        System.out.println("请输入你的姓名:");
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        String name = scanner.nextLine();
        System.out.println("请输入你的身份:1->管理员 0->普通用户");
        int choice = scanner.nextInt();
        if(choice == 1) {
            return new AdminUser(name);
        }else {
            return new NormalUser(name);
        }
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        BookList bookList = new BookList();
        User user = login();
        while (true) {
            int choice = user.menu();
            //根据choice和user来确定调用那个对象的那个操作。
            user.dowork(choice, bookList);
        }
    }
}

在这里插入图片描述

  • 2
    点赞
  • 2
    收藏
    觉得还不错? 一键收藏
  • 1
    评论

“相关推荐”对你有帮助么?

  • 非常没帮助
  • 没帮助
  • 一般
  • 有帮助
  • 非常有帮助
提交
评论 1
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

红包个数最小为10个

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43前往充值 >
需支付:10.00
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明:

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币,按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载,可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值