3.1 矩阵转置

  矩阵的转置就是行转列。例如：
$$\left[\begin{array}{cc}1& 2\\ 3& 4\end{array}\right]$$
  转置后变成了
$$\left[\begin{array}{cc}1& 3\\ 2& 4\end{array}\right]$$
  Java 代码非常简单：

public Matrix<T> transpose() {
    int columns = array[0].length;
    int lines = array.length;
    final T[][] ts = newArray(columns, lines);
    for (int i = 0; i < ts.length; i++) {
        for (int j = 0; j < ts[i].length; j++) {
            ts[i][j] = array[j][i];
        }
    }
    try {
        final Constructor<? extends Matrix> constructor = this.getClass().getConstructor(ts.getClass());
        return constructor.newInstance((Object) ts);
    } catch (InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException | InvocationTargetException | NoSuchMethodException e) {
        throw new RuntimeException(e);
    }

}

  这里有个细节，newInstance里的参数需要强转为Object。
  Python代码更简单

def transpose(self):
    arr = [[0]] * len(self.__lines[0])
    # 里面不能是同一个数组
    for i in range(len(arr)):
        arr[i] = [0] * len(self.__lines)
    for (i, x) in enumerate(self.__lines):
        for (j, y) in enumerate(x):
            arr[j][i] = y
    return arr

  但是细节是，不能用同一个数组。