Springboot整合Shiro
文章是观看狂神说Java的Springboot整合Shiro的视频时写的随笔，大家可以参考下编写代码的过程，里面也有我写的一点注意事项。
完整代码我已经放在gitee上了，需要的可以自取。也可以参考我后面参考引用的博主的博客，里面也有完整的代码。
加油！打工人！
一、实验过程
目录结构
service层再建个impl包会更加层次分明
1、实验准备
1.1 导入依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
<artifactId>shiro-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.4.2</version>
</dependency>
1.2 前端页面
index.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h>首页</h>
<!--/*@thymesVar id="msg" type=""*/-->
<div th:text="${msg}"></div>
<a th:href="@{/user/add}">add</a>
<a th:href="@{/user/update}">update</a>
</body>
</html>
login
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>登录</h1>
<hr>
<form th:action="@{/login}">
用户名：<input type="text" name="username"><br>
密码：<input type="password" name="password">
<br>
<input type="submit" name="提交">
</form>
</body>
</html>
add
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h>add</h>
</body>
</html>
update
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h> update </h>
</body>
</html>
1.3 数据库准备
create table user
(
id int(20) auto_increment primary key,
name varchar(30) null,
pwd varchar(30) null,
perms varchar(50) null
)charset = utf8;
2、测试01
设置访问权限，如果没权限则进入登陆界面
2.1 编写Shiro配置类
思路：ShiroFilterFactoryBean会拦截前端请求交给DefaultWebSecurityManager，再交给userRealm进行认证和授权处理
主要编写userRealm、DefaultWebSecurityManager、ShiroFilterFactoryBean三个bean对象
注意：我们可以从下往上写，逐步添加
@Configuration
public class ShiroConfig {
//ShiroFilterFactoryBean （第三步:连接到前端）
@Bean
public ShiroFilterFactoryBean getShiroFilterBean(@Qualifier("securityManager") DefaultWebSecurityManager defaultWebSecurityManager){
ShiroFilterFactoryBean bean = new ShiroFilterFactoryBean();
//设置安全管理器
bean.setSecurityManager(defaultWebSecurityManager);
return bean;
}
//DefaultWebSecurityManager （第二步：管理realm对象）
@Bean(name="securityManager")
public DefaultWebSecurityManager getDefaultWebSecurityManager(@Qualifier("userRealm") UserRealm userRealm){
DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager = new DefaultWebSecurityManager();
//关联UserRealm
securityManager.setRealm(userRealm);
return securityManager;
}
//创建realm对象，需要自定义类 (第一步:创建realm对象)
@Bean(name="userRealm") //@Bean注解后便被spring托管,不加name属性，默认name值为方法名,这里就加一下吧
public UserRealm userRealm(){
return new UserRealm();
}
}
在ShiroFilterFactoryBean方法内添加过滤器，设置访问权限，如果没权限则进入登陆界面
//添加shiro的内置过滤器
/*
anon: 无需认证即可访问
authc: 必须认证才能用
user: 必须拥有 “记住我” 功能才能用
perms: 拥有对某个资源的权限才能用
role: 拥有某个角色权限才能访问
*/
Map<String,String> filterMap = new LinkedHashMap<>();
//拦截
filterMap.put("/user/add","anon");
filterMap.put("/user/update","authc");
//也可使用通配符*
//filterMap.put("/user/*","authc");
bean.setFilterChainDefinitionMap(filterMap);
//若访问时用户未认证，则跳转至登录页面
bean.setLoginUrl("/toLogin");
2.2 编写UserRealm类
只要进行登陆操作（subject.login）就会执行doGetAuthenticationInfo方法
//自定义UserRealm extends AuthorizingRealm
public class UserRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {
//授权
@Override
protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principalCollection) {
System.out.println("执行了授权");
return null;
}
//认证
@Override
protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken authenticationToken) throws AuthenticationException {
System.out.println("执行了认证");
return null;
}
}
2.3 编写HellloController进行测试结果
@Controller
public class HellloController {
@RequestMapping({"/", "/index"})
public String toIndex(Model model){
model.addAttribute("msg", "hello");
return "index";
}
@RequestMapping("/user/add")
public String add(){
return "/user/add";
}
@RequestMapping("/user/update")
public String update(){
return "/user/update";
}
@RequestMapping("/toLogin")
public String toLogin(){
return "login";
}
}
3、登陆认证
整体流程：当我们在登陆页面输入账号密码，会执行HelloController的login登陆操作，在使用subject.login(token)时会执行shiro里的UserRealm里的认证方法doGetAuthenticationInfo。
在HelloController中添加登陆认证方法，都是根据入门案例来写的
@RequestMapping("/login")
public String login(String username,String password,Model model){
//获取当前用户
Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
//封装用户的登录数据
UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken(username, password);
try{
subject.login(token); //执行登录的方法，如果没有异常就说明ok了
return "index";
}catch (UnknownAccountException e){ //用户名不存在
model.addAttribute("msg","用户名不存在！");
return "login";
}catch (IncorrectCredentialsException e){
model.addAttribute("msg","密码错误！");
return "login";
}
}
当我们执行 subject.login登陆操作时，Shiro会执行UserRealm里的认证方法doGetAuthenticationInfo
@Override
protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken token) throws AuthenticationException {
System.out.println("执行了认证");
//用户名、密码 模拟从数据库中获取
String name = "root";
String password = "1111";
UsernamePasswordToken userToken = (UsernamePasswordToken) token;
if (!userToken.getUsername().equals(name)){
return null; //抛出异常 UnknownAccountException
}
//密码认证，shiro做~
return new SimpleAuthenticationInfo("",password,"");
}
4、整合Mybatis
目标：使的用户登陆认证数据从数据库中取出
4.1 导入依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>8.0.18</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.17</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>1.1.21</version>
</dependency>
4.2 配置application.yml
这里配置mybatis扫描的包和别名
spring:
datasource:
username : root
password: qrj15521026074
url : jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis01?serverTimezone=UTC&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8
driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource # 自定义数据源
#Spring Boot 默认是不注入这些属性值的，需要自己绑定
#druid 数据源专有配置
initialSize: 5
minIdle: 5
maxActive: 20
maxWait: 60000
timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis: 60000
minEvictableIdleTimeMillis: 300000
validationQuery: SELECT 1 FROM DUAL
testWhileIdle: true
testOnBorrow: false
testOnReturn: false
poolPreparedStatements: true
#配置监控统计拦截的filters，stat:监控统计、log4j：日志记录、wall：防御sql注入
#如果允许时报错 java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.apache.log4j.Priority
#则导入 log4j 依赖即可，Maven 地址：https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/log4j/log4j
filters: stat,wall,log4j
maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize: 20
useGlobalDataSourceStat: true
connectionProperties: druid.stat.mergeSql=true;druid.stat.slowSqlMillis=500
mybatis:
type-aliases-package: com.qiu.pojo
mapper-locations: classpath:mapper/*.xml
4.3配置UserMapper.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.qiu.mapper.UserMapper">
<select id="queryUserByName" parameterType="String" resultType="com.qiu.pojo.User">
select * from user where name = #{name};
</select>
</mapper>
4.4 编写主要类和接口
编写User类
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
public class User {
private Integer id;
private String name;
private String pwd;
private String perms;
}
编写UserMapper接口
@Repository
@Mapper
public interface UserMapper {
public User queryUserByName(String name);
}
编写UserService接口
public interface UserService {
public User queryUserByName(String name);
}
编写UserServiceImpl实现类
@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService{
@Autowired
UserMapper userMapper;
@Override
public User queryUserByName(String name) {
return userMapper.queryUserByName(name);
}
}
4.5 重新编写UserRealm类
让用户数据连接数据库
@Override
protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken token) throws AuthenticationException {
System.out.println("执行了认证");
/*
//用户名、密码 模拟从数据库中获取
String name = "root";
String password = "1111";
if (!userToken.getUsername().equals(name)){
return null; //抛出异常 UnknownAccountException
}
//密码认证，shiro做~
return new SimpleAuthenticationInfo("",password,"");
*/
UsernamePasswordToken userToken = (UsernamePasswordToken) token;
//连接数据库
User user = userService.queryUserByName(userToken.getUsername());
if (user == null){
return null; //抛出异常 UnknownAccountException
}
//密码认证，shiro做~
return new SimpleAuthenticationInfo("",user.getPwd(),"");
}
5、请求授权
目标：通过从数据库中获取用户权限资源，访问对应权限的方法
5.1 重写ShiroConfig
user类增加一个perms权限访问
在ShiroConfig中设置拦截登陆
@Bean
public ShiroFilterFactoryBean getShiroFilterBean(@Qualifier("securityManager") DefaultWebSecurityManager defaultWebSecurityManager){
ShiroFilterFactoryBean bean = new ShiroFilterFactoryBean();
//设置安全管理器
bean.setSecurityManager(defaultWebSecurityManager);
//添加shiro的内置过滤器
/*
anon: 无需认证即可访问
authc: 必须认证才能用
user: 必须拥有 “记住我” 功能才能用
perms: 拥有对某个资源的权限才能用
role: 拥有某个角色权限才能访问
*/
Map<String,String> filterMap = new LinkedHashMap<>();
//登陆认证拦截：未登录会跳转登陆页面
filterMap.put("/user/add","anon");
filterMap.put("/user/update","authc");
//也可使用通配符*
//filterMap.put("/user/*","authc");
//登陆后授权，正常情况下没有授权会跳转到未授权页面
filterMap.put("/user/add","perms[user:add]");
filterMap.put("/user/update","perms[user:update]");
bean.setFilterChainDefinitionMap(filterMap);
//若访问时用户未认证，则跳转至登录页面
bean.setLoginUrl("/toLogin");
//若访问时用户未被授权，则跳转至未授权页面
bean.setUnauthorizedUrl("/noauth");
return bean;
}
5.2 重写UserRealm
添加用户的权限，从认证中获取用户信息，取出权限perms
//授权
@Override
protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principalCollection) {
System.out.println("执行了授权");
SimpleAuthorizationInfo info = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo();
//授权操作
//info.addStringPermission("user:add");
//拿到当前登录的对象
Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
User currentUser = (User) subject.getPrincipal(); //拿到user对象
System.out.println(currentUser.getPerms());
info.addStringPermission(currentUser.getPerms());
return info;
}
这里要在认证doGetAuthenticationInfo方法里return时传入user资源，使之能在授权方法中使用获取权限资源
@Override
protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken token) throws AuthenticationException {
System.out.println("执行了认证");
//...................
//这里在登陆后传入user资源
return new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(user,user.getPwd(),"");
}
5.3 在HellloController添加未授权操作
@RequestMapping("/noauth")
@ResponseBody
public String unauthorized(){
return "未授权无法访问此页面";
}
6、整合thymeleaf
目标：实现特点用户访问特定页面，权限不同，访问到的功能不同
6.1 导入依赖
<!--导入thymeleaf依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.thymeleaf</groupId>
<artifactId>thymeleaf-spring5</artifactId>
<version>3.0.11.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.thymeleaf.extras</groupId>
<artifactId>thymeleaf-extras-java8time</artifactId>
<version>3.0.4.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!--shiro-thymeleaf整合-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.github.theborakompanioni</groupId>
<artifactId>thymeleaf-extras-shiro</artifactId>
<version>2.0.0</version>
</dependency>
6.2 在ShiroConfig添加整合thymeleaf
//整合ShiroDialect:用来整合shiro thymeleaf
@Bean
public ShiroDialect getShiroDialect(){
return new ShiroDialect();
}
6.3 使用thymeleaf重写index登陆页面
导入shiro和thymeleaf的约束
通过shiro:hasPermission指定权限
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"
xmlns:shiro="http://www.thymeleaf.org/thymeleaf-extras-shiro" >
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>首页</h1>
<div th:if="${session.loginUser==null}">
<a th:href="@{/toLogin}">登录</a>
</div>
<p th:text="${msg}"></p>
<hr>
<div shiro:hasPermission="user:add">
<a th:href="@{/user/add}">add</a>
</div>
<div shiro:hasPermission="user:update">
<a th:href="@{/user/update}">update</a>
</div>
<a th:href="@{/logout}">注销</a>
</body>
</html>
7、结果
数据库权限
root账号登陆界面
狂神账号登陆界面
二、实验问题
1、插件报错
打包遇到错误Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-surefire-plugin:2.22.2:test
解决办法：修改pom.xml文件
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.19.1</version>
</plugin>
</plugins>
2、IDEA2020.1启动SpringBoot项目出现java程序包:xxx不存在
setting->bulid,execution,Deployment->bulid tools->maven->runner
勾选上Delegate ide bulid/run actions to Maven
参考：IDEA2020.1启动SpringBoot项目出现java程序包:xxx不存在
参考
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