RocketMQ（七） RocketMQ的两种消费模式

目录

一、概述

二、集群消费

三、广播消费

---

一、概述

RocketMQ主要提供了两种消费模式：集群消费以及广播消费。我们只需要在定义消费者的时候通过**setMessageModel(MessageModel.XXX)**方法就可以指定是集群还是广播式消费，默认是集群消费模式，即每个Consumer Group中的Consumer均摊所有的消息。下面我们通过简单的示例演示一下。

二、集群消费

一个 Consumer Group 中的 Consumer 实例平均分摊消费消息。

使用方法：setMessageModel(MessageModel.CLUSTERING)

• 定义生产者

  public class MQProducer {
  public static void main(String[] args) throws MQClientException, UnsupportedEncodingException, RemotingException, InterruptedException, MQBrokerException {
  // 创建DefaultMQProducer类并设定生产者名称
  DefaultMQProducer mqProducer = new DefaultMQProducer(“producer-group-test”);
  // 设置NameServer地址，如果是集群的话，使用分号;分隔开
  mqProducer.setNamesrvAddr(“10.0.91.71:9876”);
  // 消息最大长度 默认4M
  mqProducer.setMaxMessageSize(4096);
  // 发送消息超时时间，默认3000
  mqProducer.setSendMsgTimeout(3000);
  // 发送消息失败重试次数，默认2
  mqProducer.setRetryTimesWhenSendAsyncFailed(2);
  // 启动消息生产者
  mqProducer.start();

      // 循环十次，发送十条消息
      for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++) {
          String msg = "hello, 这是第" + i + "条同步消息";
          // 创建消息，并指定Topic(主题)，Tag(标签)和消息内容
          Message message = new Message("CLUSTERING_TOPIC", "", msg.getBytes(RemotingHelper.DEFAULT_CHARSET));
          // 发送同步消息到一个Broker，可以通过sendResult返回消息是否成功送达
          SendResult sendResult = mqProducer.send(message);
          System.out.println(sendResult);
      }
  
      // 如果不再发送消息，关闭Producer实例
      mqProducer.shutdown();
  }
  

  }

  SendResult [sendStatus=SEND_OK, msgId=AC6E005625A818B4AAC211CC57E00000, offsetMsgId=0A005B4700002A9F00000000000010A9, messageQueue=MessageQueue [topic=CLUSTERING_TOPIC, brokerName=broker-a, queueId=3], queueOffset=5]
  SendResult [sendStatus=SEND_OK, msgId=AC6E005625A818B4AAC211CC57EF0001, offsetMsgId=0A005B4700002A9F0000000000001174, messageQueue=MessageQueue [topic=CLUSTERING_TOPIC, brokerName=broker-a, queueId=0], queueOffset=5]
  SendResult [sendStatus=SEND_OK, msgId=AC6E005625A818B4AAC211CC57F60002, offsetMsgId=0A005B4700002A9F000000000000123F, messageQueue=MessageQueue [topic=CLUSTERING_TOPIC, brokerName=broker-a, queueId=1], queueOffset=6]
  SendResult [sendStatus=SEND_OK, msgId=AC6E005625A818B4AAC211CC57FB0003, offsetMsgId=0A005B4700002A9F000000000000130A, messageQueue=MessageQueue [topic=CLUSTERING_TOPIC, brokerName=broker-a, queueId=2], queueOffset=5]
  SendResult [sendStatus=SEND_OK, msgId=AC6E005625A818B4AAC211CC58050004, offsetMsgId=0A005B4700002A9F00000000000013D5, messageQueue=MessageQueue [topic=CLUSTERING_TOPIC, brokerName=broker-a, queueId=3], queueOffset=6]
  SendResult [sendStatus=SEND_OK, msgId=AC6E005625A818B4AAC211CC58110005, offsetMsgId=0A005B4700002A9F00000000000014A0, messageQueue=MessageQueue [topic=CLUSTERING_TOPIC, brokerName=broker-a, queueId=0], queueOffset=6]
  SendResult [sendStatus=SEND_OK, msgId=AC6E005625A818B4AAC211CC581D0006, offsetMsgId=0A005B4700002A9F000000000000156B, messageQueue=MessageQueue [topic=CLUSTERING_TOPIC, brokerName=broker-a, queueId=1], queueOffset=7]
  SendResult [sendStatus=SEND_OK, msgId=AC6E005625A818B4AAC211CC58290007, offsetMsgId=0A005B4700002A9F0000000000001636, messageQueue=MessageQueue [topic=CLUSTERING_TOPIC, brokerName=broker-a, queueId=2], queueOffset=6]
  SendResult [sendStatus=SEND_OK, msgId=AC6E005625A818B4AAC211CC582E0008, offsetMsgId=0A005B4700002A9F0000000000001701, messageQueue=MessageQueue [topic=CLUSTERING_TOPIC, brokerName=broker-a, queueId=3], queueOffset=7]
  SendResult [sendStatus=SEND_OK, msgId=AC6E005625A818B4AAC211CC58340009, offsetMsgId=0A005B4700002A9F00000000000017CC, messageQueue=MessageQueue [topic=CLUSTERING_TOPIC, brokerName=broker-a, queueId=0], queueOffset=7]

• 定义消费者A

  public class MQConsumerA {
  public static void main(String[] args) throws MQClientException {

      // 创建DefaultMQPushConsumer类并设定消费者名称
      DefaultMQPushConsumer mqPushConsumer = new DefaultMQPushConsumer("consumer-group-test");
  
      // 设置NameServer地址，如果是集群的话，使用分号;分隔开
      mqPushConsumer.setNamesrvAddr("10.0.91.71:9876");
  
      // 设置Consumer第一次启动是从队列头部开始消费还是队列尾部开始消费
      // 如果不是第一次启动，那么按照上次消费的位置继续消费
      mqPushConsumer.setConsumeFromWhere(ConsumeFromWhere.CONSUME_FROM_FIRST_OFFSET);
  
      // 设置消费模型，集群还是广播，默认为集群
      mqPushConsumer.setMessageModel(MessageModel.CLUSTERING);
  
      // 消费者最小线程量
      mqPushConsumer.setConsumeThreadMin(5);
  
      // 消费者最大线程量
      mqPushConsumer.setConsumeThreadMax(10);
  
      // 设置一次消费消息的条数，默认是1
      mqPushConsumer.setConsumeMessageBatchMaxSize(1);
  
      // 订阅一个或者多个Topic，以及Tag来过滤需要消费的消息，如果订阅该主题下的所有tag，则使用*
      mqPushConsumer.subscribe("CLUSTERING_TOPIC", "*");
  
      // 注册回调实现类来处理从broker拉取回来的消息
      mqPushConsumer.registerMessageListener(new MessageListenerConcurrently() {
          // 监听类实现MessageListenerConcurrently接口即可，重写consumeMessage方法接收数据
          @Override
          public ConsumeConcurrentlyStatus consumeMessage(List<MessageExt> msgList, ConsumeConcurrentlyContext consumeConcurrentlyContext) {
              MessageExt messageExt = msgList.get(0);
              String body = new String(messageExt.getBody(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
              System.out.println("消费者接收到消息: " + messageExt.toString() + "---消息内容为：" + body);
              // 标记该消息已经被成功消费
              return ConsumeConcurrentlyStatus.CONSUME_SUCCESS;
          }
      });
  
      // 启动消费者实例
      mqPushConsumer.start();
  }
  

  }

  消费者接收到消息: MessageExt [brokerName=broker-a, queueId=1, storeSize=203, queueOffset=6, sysFlag=0, bornTimestamp=1646362604534, bornHost=/10.0.90.139:51996, storeTimestamp=1646362602259, storeHost=/10.0.91.71:10911, msgId=0A005B4700002A9F000000000000123F, commitLogOffset=4671, bodyCRC=540691780, reconsumeTimes=0, preparedTransactionOffset=0, toString()=Message{topic=‘CLUSTERING_TOPIC’, flag=0, properties={MIN_OFFSET=0, MAX_OFFSET=7, CONSUME_START_TIME=1646362604548, UNIQ_KEY=AC6E005625A818B4AAC211CC57F60002, CLUSTER=DefaultCluster}, body=[104, 101, 108, 108, 111, 44, 32, -24, -65, -103, -26, -104, -81, -25, -84, -84, 51, -26, -99, -95, -27, -112, -116, -26, -83, -91, -26, -74, -120, -26, -127, -81], transactionId=‘null’}]—消息内容为：hello, 这是第3条同步消息
  消费者接收到消息: MessageExt [brokerName=broker-a, queueId=0, storeSize=203, queueOffset=5, sysFlag=0, bornTimestamp=1646362604527, bornHost=/10.0.90.139:51996, storeTimestamp=1646362602253, storeHost=/10.0.91.71:1091