版本控制gitlab

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最新推荐文章于 2024-03-21 17:45:01 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_67900916/article/details/127010258

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本文详细介绍了GitLab版本控制系统的部署过程，包括关闭防火墙和SELinux、安装依赖包、下载并安装GitLab、配置外部URL、启动与管理GitLab服务，以及如何破解管理员密码。此外，还提到了版本控制的重要性和常用工具，如git和subversion。

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版本控制gitlab

版本控制是指对软件开发过程中各种程序代码、配置文件及说明文档等文件变更的管理，是软件配置管理的核心思想之一。

版本控制最主要的功能就是追踪文件的变更。它将什么时候、什么人更改了文件的什么内容等信息忠实地了记录下来。每一次文件的改变，文件的版本号都将增加。除了记录版本变更外，版本控制的另一个重要功能是并行开发。软件开发往往是多人协同作业，版本控制可以有效地解决版本的同步以及不同开发者之间的开发通信问题，提高协同开发的效率。并行开发中最常见的不同版本软件的错误(Bug)修正问题也可以通过版本控制中分支与合并的方法有效地解决。
具体来说，在每一项开发任务中，都需要首先设定开发基线，确定各个配置项的开发初始版本，在开发过程中，开发人员基于开发基线的版本，开发出所需的目标版本。当发生需求变更时，通过对变更的评估，确定变更的影响范围，对被影响的配置项的版本进行修改，根据变更的性质使配置项的版本树继续延伸或产生新的分支，形成新的目标版本，而对于不受变更影响的配置项则不应发产生变动。同时，应能够将变更所产生的对版本的影响进行记录和跟踪。必要时还可以回退到以前的版本。例如当开发需求或需求变更被取消时，就需要有能力将版本回退到开发基线版本。在曾经出现过的季度升级包拆包和重新组包的过程中，其实就是将部分配置项的版本回退到开发基线，将对应不同需求的不同分支重新组合归并，形成新的升级包版本。
版本控制是软件配置管理的核心功能。所有置于配置库中的元素都应自动予以版本的标识，并保证版本命名的唯一性。版本在生成过程中，自动依照设定的使用模型自动分支、演进。除了系统自动记录的版本信息以外，为了配合软件开发流程的各个阶段。还需要定义、收集一些元数据来记录版本的辅助信息和规范开发流程，并为今后对软件过程的度量做好准备。当然如果选用的工具支持，这些辅助数据将能直接统计出过程数据，从而方便软件过程改进活动的进行。对于配置库中的各个基线控制项，应该根据其基线的位置和状态来设置相应的访问权限。一般来说，对于基线版本之前的各个版本都应处于被锁定的状态，如需要对它们进行变更，则应按照变更控制的流程来进行操作。

常用的版本控制工具：

gitlab
subversion

gitlab部署


//关闭防火墙和selinux
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# systemctl disable --now firewalld.service
Removed /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service.
Removed /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# setenforce 0
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# sed -ri 's/^(SELINUX=).*/\1disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]#
//安装epel
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# dnf -y install epel-release
//安装依赖包
[root@localhost ~]#  dnf -y install git wget curl openssh-server openssh-clients postfix cronie
//启动postfix服务并设置开机自启
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart postfix
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable postfix
//下载gitlab的rpm包
[root@localhost ~]# wget http://mirror.centos.org/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/policycoreutils-python-2.5-34.el7.x86_64.rpm
--2022-09-23 13:41:00--  http://mirror.centos.org/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/policycoreutils-python-2.5-34.el7.x86_64.rpm
Resolving mirror.centos.org (mirror.centos.org)... 13.233.140.107, 2406:da1a:fcb:2f01:b6e2:c6:795:b503
Connecting to mirror.centos.org (mirror.centos.org)|13.233.140.107|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 468316 (457K) [application/x-rpm]
Saving to: ‘policycoreutils-python-2.5-34.el7.x86_64.rpm’

policycoreutils-python-2.5-34.e 100%[=====================================================>] 457.34K   186KB/s    in 2.5s

2022-09-23 13:41:03 (186 KB/s) - ‘policycoreutils-python-2.5-34.el7.x86_64.rpm’ saved [468316/468316]

[root@localhost ~]# wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/gitlab-ce/yum/el7/gitlab-ce-15.3.3-ce.0.el7.x86_64.rpm
--2022-09-23 13:41:14--  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/gitlab-ce/yum/el7/gitlab-ce-15.3.3-ce.0.el7.x86_64.rpm
Resolving mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn (mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn)... 101.6.15.130, 2402:f000:1:400::2
Connecting to mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn (mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn)|101.6.15.130|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 1101649012 (1.0G) [application/x-redhat-package-manager]
Saving to: ‘gitlab-ce-15.3.3-ce.0.el7.x86_64.rpm’

gitlab-ce-15.3.3-ce.0.el7.x86_6 100%[=====================================================>]   1.03G   399KB/s    in 20m 11s

2022-09-23 14:01:26 (888 KB/s) - ‘gitlab-ce-15.3.3-ce.0.el7.x86_64.rpm’ saved [1101649012/1101649012]

[root@localhost ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  gitlab-ce-15.3.3-ce.0.el7.x86_64.rpm  policycoreutils-python-2.5-34.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost ~]#
//rpm安装
//首先查看，发现有一个policycoreutils-2.9-18.el8.x86_64，版本过低，先卸载
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep policy
policycoreutils-2.9-18.el8.x86_64
selinux-policy-3.14.3-91.el8.noarch
selinux-policy-targeted-3.14.3-91.el8.noarch
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -e policycoreutils-2.9-18.el8.x86_64
[root@localhost ~]#
//再进行安装
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -ivh policycoreutils-python-2.5-34.el7.x86_64.rpm --nodeps
warning: policycoreutils-python-2.5-34.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID f4a80eb5: NOKEY
Verifying...                          ################################# [100%]
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
   1:policycoreutils-python-2.5-34.el7################################# [100%]
[root@localhost ~]#
//最后安装gitlab包 
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -ivh policycoreutils-python-2.5-34.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: policycoreutils-python-2.5-34.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID f4a80eb5: NOKEY
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -ivh gitlab-ce-15.3.3-ce.0.el7.x86_64.rpm --nodeps
warning: gitlab-ce-15.3.3-ce.0.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID f27eab47: NOKEY
Verifying...                          ################################# [100%]
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
   1:gitlab-ce-15.3.3-ce.0.el7        ################################# [100%]
It looks like GitLab has not been configured yet; skipping the upgrade script.

       *.                  *.
      ***                 ***
     *****               *****
    .******             *******
    ********            ********
   ,,,,,,,,,***********,,,,,,,,,
  ,,,,,,,,,,,*********,,,,,,,,,,,
  .,,,,,,,,,,,*******,,,,,,,,,,,,
      ,,,,,,,,,*****,,,,,,,,,.
         ,,,,,,,****,,,,,,
            .,,,***,,,,
                ,*,.



     _______ __  __          __
    / ____(_) /_/ /   ____ _/ /_
   / / __/ / __/ /   / __ `/ __ \
  / /_/ / / /_/ /___/ /_/ / /_/ /
  \____/_/\__/_____/\__,_/_.___/


Thank you for installing GitLab!
GitLab was unable to detect a valid hostname for your instance.
Please configure a URL for your GitLab instance by setting `external_url`
configuration in /etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb file.
Then, you can start your GitLab instance by running the following command:
  sudo gitlab-ctl reconfigure

For a comprehensive list of configuration options please see the Omnibus GitLab readme
https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/omnibus-gitlab/blob/master/README.md

Help us improve the installation experience, let us know how we did with a 1 minute survey:
https://gitlab.fra1.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_6kVqZANThUQ1bZb?installation=omnibus&release=15-3

[root@localhost ~]#
//修改配置文件
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb
external_url 'http://192.168.159.129'     //将此处设为gitlab的服务器ip地址亦或域名
//重载配置文件并重启gitlab
[root@localhost ~]# gitlab-ctl reconfigure
[root@localhost ~]# gitlab-ctl restart
ok: run: alertmanager: (pid 20959) 1s
ok: run: gitaly: (pid 20971) 0s
ok: run: gitlab-exporter: (pid 20984) 1s
ok: run: gitlab-kas: (pid 20987) 0s
ok: run: gitlab-workhorse: (pid 20996) 1s
ok: run: logrotate: (pid 21007) 0s
ok: run: nginx: (pid 21013) 0s
ok: run: node-exporter: (pid 21022) 1s
ok: run: postgres-exporter: (pid 21034) 0s
ok: run: postgresql: (pid 21049) 0s
ok: run: prometheus: (pid 21058) 1s
ok: run: puma: (pid 21145) 0s
ok: run: redis: (pid 21150) 0s
ok: run: redis-exporter: (pid 21156) 1s
ok: run: sidekiq: (pid 21168) 0s
//查看当前的gitlab版本
[root@localhost ~]# head -1 /opt/gitlab/version-manifest.txt
gitlab-ce 15.3.3
//破解管理员密码
[root@localhost ~]# gitlab-rails console -e production
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Ruby:         ruby 2.7.5p203 (2021-11-24 revision f69aeb8314) [x86_64-linux]
 GitLab:       15.3.3 (c629a47f87f) FOSS
 GitLab Shell: 14.10.0
 PostgreSQL:   13.6
------------------------------------------------------------[ booted in 24.82s ]
Loading production environment (Rails 6.1.6.1)
irb(main):001:0> user = User.where(id: 1).first
=> #<User id:1 @root>
irb(main):002:0> user.password = 'zwl123456'
=> "zwl123456"
irb(main):003:0> user.password_confirmation = 'zwl123456'
=> "zwl123456"
irb(main):004:0> user.save!
=> true
//设置服务开机自启
[root@localhost ~]# which gitlab-ctl
/usr/bin/gitlab-ctl
[root@localhost ~]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local
[root@localhost ~]# echo "/usr/bin/gitlab-ctl start " >> /etc/rc.d/rc.local
[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/rc.d/rc.local
#!/bin/bash
# THIS FILE IS ADDED FOR COMPATIBILITY PURPOSES
#
# It is highly advisable to create own systemd services or udev rules
# to run scripts during boot instead of using this file.
#
# In contrast to previous versions due to parallel execution during boot
# this script will NOT be run after all other services.
#
# Please note that you must run 'chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local' to ensure
# that this script will be executed during boot.

touch /var/lock/subsys/local

/usr/bin/gitlab-ctl start
[root@localhost ~]#