【Spring】使用注解装配bean

目录

使用注解的两个必要步骤

正文

Cat

Dog

Animal

 beans.xml

 测试

@Qualifier

---

使用注解的两个必要步骤

1.导入约束

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
             http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
             http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">


</beans>

2.配置注解的支持 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
             http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
             http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <context:annotation-config/>
</beans>

 <context:annotation-config/>     //配置注解的支持

正文

Cat

package org.example;

public class Cat {
    public void eat(){
        System.out.println("猫吃鱼干");
    }
}

Dog

package org.example;

public class Dog {
    public  void sleep(){
        System.out.println("小狗睡大觉");
    }
}

Animal

package org.example;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

public class Animal {
    @Autowired
    private Cat cat;
    @Autowired
    private Dog dog;

    public Cat getCat() {
        return cat;
    }

    public void setCat(Cat cat) {
        this.cat = cat;
    }

    public Dog getDog() {
        return dog;
    }

    public void setDog(Dog dog) {
        this.dog = dog;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Animal{" +
                "cat=" + cat +
                ", dog=" + dog +
                '}';
    }
}

注意：要加上自动装配注解

 

set方法可以去掉也可以不用去掉

去掉的话如下图

package org.example;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

public class Animal {
    @Autowired
    private Cat cat;
    @Autowired
    private Dog dog;

    public Cat getCat() {
        return cat;
    }
    public Dog getDog() {
        return dog;
    }
    
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Animal{" +
                "cat=" + cat +
                ", dog=" + dog +
                '}';
    }
}

 

 beans.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
             http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
             http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <context:annotation-config/>
    
    <bean id="cat" class="org.example.Cat" />
    <bean id="dog" class="org.example.Dog" />
    <bean id="animal" class="org.example.Animal" />
    
    
    
</beans>

 测试

package org.example;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class Test9 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
   ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
   Animal animal=(Animal) context.getBean("animal");
   animal.getCat().eat();
   animal.getDog().sleep();
    }
}

 

@Qualifier

与注解@Autowired配合使用

 

<bean id="cat111" class="org.example.Cat" />
<bean id="cat222" class="org.example.Cat" />
<bean id="cat333" class="org.example.Cat" />

如果有多个关于cat的bean的话，使用@Qualifier可以显式指定哪一个bean注入，