Servlet、ServletContext笔记一

Servlet
简介：Servlet就是sun公司开发动态web的一门技术
Sun在这些API中提供一个接口叫做：Servlet，有两个默认的实现类，HttpServlet
编写一个类，实现Servlet接口
把开发好的Java类部署到web服务器中
把实现了Servlet接口的Java程序叫做Servlet
HelloServlet

1.配置环境：

此电脑---->属性----->环境变量----->新建

JAVA_HOME,且找到它的路径

JRE_HOME,且找到它的路径

找到PATH---->编辑----->新建：%JAVA_HOME%\bin

然后一直按确认

例子：编写一个普通类ServletTest

package gdpiedu.cn;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
@WebServlet("/myServlet")
public class ServletTest extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        resp.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
        resp.getWriter().println("<table border ='1'>");

        resp.getWriter().println("<tr><td>学号</td><td>姓名</td></tr>");
        resp.getWriter().println("<tr><td>20210220527</td><td>测试</td></tr>");
        resp.getWriter().println("</table>");


    }
}

提示：若HttpServlet报错，就是没有sevrlet包，要先从外部导入,步骤如下

 

 

（注意：这个包是下载Tomcat自动附带的，若找不到，就是下载不完整，建议删除了再下一次） 

 

2.配置Tomcat

在IDEA里面配置Tomcat

3.ServletContext
Web容器在启动的时候，他会为每一个web程序都创建一个对应的ServletContext对象，它代表了当前的web应用；

例子：统计总共点击（不相同的）网页的数量

ServletContext_s1，如下;

package gdpiedu.cn;

import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

@WebServlet("/s1")
public class ServletContext_s1 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    public void init() throws ServletException {
        ServletContext servletContext = getServletContext();
        servletContext.setAttribute("count",1);
    }

    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        ServletContext servletContext = this.getServletContext();
        int count = (int)servletContext.getAttribute("count");
        resp.getWriter().write(""+count);
        count++;
        servletContext.setAttribute("count",count);
    }
}

ServletContext_s2，如下：

package gdpiedu.cn;

import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

@WebServlet("/s2")
public class ServletContext_s2 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        ServletContext servletContext =this.getServletContext();
        int count = (int)servletContext.getAttribute("count");
        resp.getWriter().write(" "+count);
        count++;
        servletContext.setAttribute("count",count);
    }
}