英语期末复习整理
一、单项选择（3）
3.
appraise paralyze symptom dismay brink
bleak deem recede underestimate intervene
1 Kids are more likely to ___intervene__________ in a situation if they believe their parents expect them to help.
2 The first lesson I learned as a newcomer for the company was never to ____underestimate_________ the degree of difficulty I would face in career advancement.
3 Just as I started to think that I was never going to get well, the illness began to ______recede_______ .
4 Whatever the decision is, I would like you to know that your department is my first choice and I _____deem________ it a great honor if I could study in your department.
5 During one particularly ____bleak_________ moment in my career, a senior colleague of mine said to me, “If you follow your dreams. the money will come. Follow the money, and you'll lose your dreams.”
6 Unless we can find a way to ___appraise__________ nature and then invest in protecting it, our basic life-support systems are going to collapse.
7 The blizzard (暴风雪) moved south, turning into an icy rain that _____paralyzed________ the airports for three days.
8 In this introduction we have diagnosed some of the causes of the illness and, in the following chapters, we will draw attention to its various unpleasant _____symptoms________ .
9 In those days, divorce under any circumstances was socially unacceptable and there was great ___dismay__________ in the family who went through it.
10 Every time she talked about being rejected in her hunt for a job, she seemed on the ____brink_________ of tears, and I would quickly switch the conversation to another topic.
答案：
1. intervene 2. underestimate 3. recede 4. deem 5. bleak
6. appraise 7. paralyzed 8. symptoms 9. dismay 10.brink
U4
3.
cluster imprison offset ambiguity globalize
stubborn compulsory contemplate console groan
1 Although secondary education is ______compulsory_______ , parents are not required to send their children to state schools.
2 The economic situation has been worsening,causing economists to ____contemplate_________ whether the present policies are sustainable.
3 He was found guilty and was ___imprisoned__________ in the Tower of London, where he died very quickly, aged only 47.
4 It is obvious that the future of the Internet is to ____ globalize_________ more and more areas of the world, and that e-commerce and e-entertainment are going to go for more and more markets.
5 However, your current losses should soon be _____offset________ by gains; the fund will produce a positive return of 11.6 percent over a nine month period.
6 Because she was so tall and slim, all the clothes looked marvelous on her and the other girls would ____groan_________ their envy.
7 This can be a helpful approach in discussion - someone may regard you as ___stubborn__________ since you never want to change your mind, whereas you see yourself as determined.
8 At weekends, the school park is almost empty except that a few cars _____cluster________ near the entrance.
9 In the photographer's finest pictures there is also a degree of ___ambiguity__________ , which allows them to be interpreted in a variety of ways.
10 Tim stretched out a hand in apology for his thoughtless remarks and was ___consoled__________ by a firm handshake from Mark.
答案:
1. compulsory 2. contemplate 3. imprisoned 4. globalize 5. offset
6. groan 7. stubborn 8. cluster 9. ambiguity 10. consoled
U6
3.
gigantic standpoint evacuate naïve permeate
nutrition inflict stray dilute pervasive
1 Much of the city was _____evacuated________ before the storm but thousands remained, many of whom were trapped by the water for days.
2 Located in the heart of the city, the Dogs Home is open seven days a week, 365 days a year to receive ____stray_________ dogs.
3 With the development of modern industries, a lot of traditional values that developed from a farm-based economy have been enormously __diluted___________.
4 There are changes in environmental conditions from freezing cold to extremely hot, and _____gigantic_______from dry to very humid(潮湿的).
5 From a practical _____standpoint_______ how can you reduce production costs and at the same time minimize the risks involved?
6 Child mortality (死亡率) decreased due to improvements in medical care and greater attention to problems related to proper ______ nutrition______ .
7 The disaster is already set to be the world's worst for ground casualties ______inflicted______ by a crashing aircraft.
8 With Spring Festival drawing nearer, people are glowing with happiness, and are full of hope; this excitement is ______ pervasive______ before New Year's Eve.
9 Don't be too _____naive________ !If the manager of the car dealership intended to give you the job, he would have called you by now.
10 To a large extent, computers have already ______Permeated_______ most aspects of our lives, from transportation and telecommunications to entertainment.
答案:
1. evacuated 2. stray 3. diluted 4. gigantic 5. standpoint
6. nutrition 7. inflicted 8. pervasive 9. naive 10. Permeated
U7
3.
reclaim spiral termination layoff subsistence
comply donate originate expire spectrum
1 People _____donate________ canned food and old clothes most frequently, but rarely do they think about bringing in underwear-it's one of the most obvious but overlooked needs of the homeless.
2 Brian Wood watched his financial life ____ spiral_________ downward just when he thought he had overcome the obstacles which had been dominating his past.
3 They are to leave the house with only thein personal possessions, for they have got a letter ordering the immediate ____termination_________ of their occupancy(居住)
4 The company was reportedly going bankrupt and this would result in the ______ layoff _______ of thousands of employees.
5 The princess who was brought up in wealth understood that many things that are common and everyday to her are unimaginable luxuries to people on ____subsistence_________ wages.
6 Young students should develop a broad ____spectrum_________ of interests, which their parents should encourage and support as best as possible.
7 I asked the waitress to refill my coffee cup and she happily ___ complied __________ repeatedly until I had consumed enough coffee to stay up all night and study for my exam.
8 Though she lost the title of female world swimming champion last year she ___reclaimed__________ it this year when she gave it all she could.
9 This type of system which ______originated_______ in the United Kingdom has been widely used
throughout Europe and is gaining in popularity in the United States of America and Japan.
10 Failure to make the request will be fatal to the accuser's claim if the relevant limitation period has ____Expired_________ ,unless an extension of time is granted.
答案：
1. donate 2. spiral 3. termination 4. layoff 5. subsistence
6. spectrum 7. complied 8. reclaimed 9. originated 10. Expired
U8
3.
cradle hesitant militant confer defiance
indignation preach provocative milestone overlap
1 He could hardly control his _____ indignation ________ at the conditions under which the miners were forced to work, without water and enough food
2 Both sides were very careful when drafting the ceasefire agreements; they wanted to
prevent any actions that could be considered ___provocative__________ by either side.
3 She has always had a(n) _______militant______ personality; she is always prepared and
ready to do battle when she believes that the cause is right.
4 News stories ____overlap _________ : Morning paper headlines take account of the previous evening's radio and TV stories, and the electronic media pick up items from the daily press.
5 Lucy stretched up to kiss her dad's cheek lightly, and he patted his daughter as if he was ____conferring_________ an honor to her.
6 Inspired by Martin Luther King's famous speech, “I Have a Dream”, thousands of people went out onto the streets to support the civil rights movement in ______defiance_______ of the curfew.
7 Beth was _____ hesitant________ about visiting his ex-boy friend; she worried that he might refuse to talk to her.
8 When humans first traveled into outer space,it was as revolutionary a(n) ____milestone_________ in human culture as the invention of the wheel.
9 Perplexed,she turned and noticed her husband had collapsed and was slumped on the floor behind the counter. She rushed to him and _____cradled ________ his head in her arms.
10 Health experts are now _____Preaching________ that even a little exercise, such as doing housework or light gardening, is far better than none at all.
答案：
1. indignation 2. provocative 3. militant 4. overlap 5. conferring
6. defiance 7. hesitant 8. milestone 9. cradled 10. Preaching
二、阅读
三、完形填空（6）
U2
6.
A excessive F pathetic K characterized
B roles G challenge L awareness
C paralyze H amount M catastrophe
D aspects I exposed N reaction
E deemed J recede O vicious
Social anxiety symptoms often begin during adolescence. It's a developmental process that is 1) ___ characterized__________ by profound psychological changes, especially in terms of how we relate to others. One of the most frustrating 2) ____aspects_________ of the adolescent years is the tendency for self-focus and a decrease in the 3) ______ amount _______ of focus we have for the feelings and needs of others.
While these changes are fairly universal, those of us who were born with a shy temperament(性格) can carry the adolescent fears, which may never 4) _____recede ________ ,into adulthood. An anxious temperament causes our brains to react forcibly when 5) ______ exposed_______ to the stress of sudden awareness of our peers and gradually we become more and more vulnerable. Our brains label the fear of exposure or embarrassment as highly dangerous. This may result in a(n) 6) _____vicious________ circle for many years: excessive self-consciousness and inhibition when you feel you are being observed.
To cope with the problem, I would like to 7) _____challenge ________ you to strive for increased focus on other people, in place of your 8) ___excessive __________ focus on yourself. Yes, I know, this is easier said than done. The fear may cause you to feel that you will lose control or make a fool of yourself when you are in the spotlight (聚光灯). But if you begin to build a new response, in 9) ___ reaction__________ to your fears, you will gradually build up a stronger and more positive response. Remember, don't let self consciousness 10) _______paralyze______ you! Be courageous!
答案：
1-5 KDHJI 6-10 OGANC
U4
6.
A witnessed F diverse K sparked
B dense G stubborn L positive
C stunning H glimpse M comfort
D cluster I ventured N dictate
E contemplate J extended O tropical
“Why would you leave behind your comfortable bed, your home, your family and friends? Why do you want to go alone?" When you are living out of a backpack for a period of time, you may often get questioned why. I seldom get time to sit down and 1) ____contemplate_________ the reason I travel, but I believe that you only begin to truly live once you step outside of your 2) ______comfort _______ zone.
My first overseas trip was at 14 years old which 3) _______ sparked______ my curiosity for the world. Since finishing high school I have 4) ____ventured _________ through various countries and been amazed by all the 5)____diverse ________cultures scattered around the globe. My eyes are my greatest asset as they have6) ___witnessed__________ the most beautiful scenes that replay in my mind every day:7) _____stunning________ landscapes, friendly locals, breath-taking architecture, and food that makes your mouth water once your eyes catch a(n) 8) _____glimpse ________.·
Traveling teaches you to be independent in the most 9) ____positive _________ way. I know how to depend on myself, go out and meet people, and not let anyone else's expectations 10) ______dictate_______ my life Every day I see my dream and every day it's in a new place. I am 22 years young. I quite agree with Anthony Bourdain,“If you're 22, physically fit, hungry to learn and be better, I urge you to travel. Find out how other people live and eat and cook. Learn from them, wherever you go.”
答案：
1-5 EMKIF 6-10 ACHLN
U6
6.
A edible F casualties K massacres
B stage G landmines L inevitable
C unrecorded H appalling M foster
D tangle I inflict N innumerable
E decline J stabilize O distinction
World War II was a global war that was under way by 1939,and ended in 1945.It involved a vast majority of the world's nations, including all of the great powers, eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis(轴心国). It was the most 1) _____appalling ________ and widespread war in human history, with2) ____innumerable _________ people serving in military units. In a state of “total war”, the major participants placed their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities at the service of the war effort,erasing(消除)the 3) _____distinction ________ between civilian and military resources. Estimates for the total number of 4) ____ casualties _________ of the war vary, because many deaths went 5) ______unrecorded_______ .Most suggest that some 60 million people died in the war. Many civilians died because of disease starvation,and 6) ____massacres _________ .
The war ended with the total victory of the Allies over the Axis in 1945. World War II altered the political alignment(结盟)and social structure of the world. The United Nations was established to 7) ____foster _________ international cooperation and prevent future conflicts. The Soviet Union and the United States emerged as rival superpowers, setting the 8) _____stage ________ for the so-called Cold War which lasted for the next 46 years. Meanwhile, the influence of the European great powers started to 9) ______decline _______ , while the decolonization(非殖民地化)of Asia and Africa began.Most countries whose industries had been damaged moved toward....10)_____stabilize
1-5 HNOFC 6-10 KMBEJ
U7
6.
A spread F regulatory K promotes
B incredibly G catastrophic L deteriorate
C oversight H crashing M dubiously
D likelihood I verge N stabilize
E slump J mortgages O tumbles
The American economy is built on credit. In the last decade, however, cheap credit made it too easy for people to buy houses based on pure speculation that real estate value would endlessly continue to increase. But the housing 1) ____ slump _________ set off a chain reaction in our economy.Individuals and investors could no longer resell their homes for a quick profit,2) ___mortgages __________ no longer became affordable for many homeowners, and thousands of mortgages defaulted(违约),leaving investors and financial institutions to face the terrible consequences.
Ironic, isn't it? Yes, it is true that credit got us into this mess, but it is also true that our
economy is 3) ____incredibly_________ unstable right now, and being that it is built on credit, it needs an inflow of cash or it could come 4) _____crashing ________ down. This is something no one wants to see as it would5) ____spread _________ through our economy and into the world markets in a matter of hours, potentially causing a worldwide recession.
Credit in and of itself is not a bad thing. Credit6) ____promotes _________ growth and jobs. Poor use of credit, however, can be 7) _____catastrophic ________ , which is what we are on the 8) ____verge _________ of seeing now. So long as the rescue plan comes with changes to lending regulations and more 9) _____oversight________ of the industry there is potential to 10) _____stabilize ________ the market, which is what everyone wants. Whether or not it works is to be seen, but as it has already been voted on and passed, we should all hope it does.
答案：
1-5 EJBHA 6-10 KGICN
U8
6.
A contact F hardy K handy
B obedience G confer L charge
C presumption H bounce M dispense
D intellect I cradle N disposal
E tumble J automatic O attached
Laughter is a(n) 1) _____automatic________ response to being touched by a tickle (搔痒) - a reaction that a child would naturally be provoked into. This puts the tickler in 2) ____charge _________ of how much or how long the child laughs. We adults don't read children's minds, but we often have a(n) 3) ___presumption__________ that we can. So we usually think we’re aware of what's too much tickling and when to stop. But it is possible to trap our children without knowing it. We parents become 4) ______attached _______ to tickling because it seems to be a(n) 5) _____handy________ shortcut to laughter We wish that our children are happy and love us, and tickling becomes our shortcut to get assured.
Rather than forcing laughter in this way, we can 6) ____confer_________ upon them inner confidence if we will get down on the floor and invite them to be in playful physical 7) ____contact_________ with us. If we find ways to give them much of the power,our children will laugh and laugh. Games like“I have a hundred hugs for you! or “Where's Jared? I know he's around here somewhere." or“Oh, no! I can't get this horsy rider off my back!”let children laugh and laugh as we try to catch them, or try to find them, or try to 8) ___bounce__________ them off our backs, and fail over and over.
The physical contact that requires more creativity than tickling allows us to 9) _____tumble ________ around，to press our heads against their stomachs here and there for a second, and to manage an embrace before they make another daring escape. We get our affection across without trapping our children. And we give them a chance to be inventive as they use their 10) _____intellect________ to figure out a hundred ways to outsmart us.
答案:
1-5 JLCOF 6-10 GAHED
四、介副词填空（7）
7.
stop short plow through black out pull to a stop
pop up grab for throw oneself into let oneself go
1 When the bus _____pulled to a stop ________ and I got off, I was relieved because I had finished school and I had the weekend ahead of me to enjoy myself.
2 When my car crashed into the big tree, I could feel the blood draining from my face and I wondered whether I was about to ____black out_________ .
3 All kinds of questions concerning the soaring ____pop up_________ housing price begin to on cable television and the blogosphere(博客圈).
4 The soldiers'rapid march was ____stopped short_________ by the general's command; they were uncertain whether to go back or forward.
5 A car crashed into the side of a house after the driver lost control and _____plowed through________ a hedge (树篱).
6 Charles reappeared, after half an hour's absence,and __ threw himself into ___________ an armchair, where he lay back for some time with his eyes shut.
7 No special equipment is needed other than inspiring, motivating music that you can dance passionately to and ____ let yourself go_________ .
8 As her door began to open, she __grabbed for___________ the telephone, and then dropped the receiver as Luke walked in.
答案：
1. pulled to a stop 2. black out 3. pop up 4. stopped short
5. plowed through 6. threw himself into 7. let yourself go 8. grabbed for
U4
7.
endow with settle for be saturated with trade ... for ...
be open to mingle with make up for more often than not
1 Virginia was a perfectionist. She was just not prepared to ____settle for _________ anything that was second best.
2 He could be quite casual in his attitude to his wife's anxiety, and ___more often than not__________ failed to let her know when he would be back from a business trip.
3“You’ll kill yourself with those things," Arty said in a tone in which disappointment was _____mingled with ________ disgust.
4 Thanks to modern transportation,agricultural products in these remote mountainous regions can also be ____ traded for_________ other goods.
5 As the market ___was saturated with__________ a wide variety of goods, the economy became more balanced and the competition forced the prices down.
6 Going with the flow doesn't mean that we don't know where we're going; it means that we _____are open to________ multiple ways of getting there.
7 The athlete had been ____endowed with_________ long legs and a persistent temperament so he was very successful.
8 The wrongly accused man asked for extra compensation to ___make up for__________ the stress he had suffered during the case.
答案：
1. settle for 2. more often than not 3. mingled with 4. traded for
5. was saturated with 6. are open to 7. endowed with 8. make up for
U6
7.
stay down fly at next to nothing line ... with
dive into conceive of weave one's way through radiate from
1 Melanie got so upset by what Max had said to her that something inside her exploded, and she ____flew at _________ him and hit him in a rage.
2 Barbara left Alice and _____wove her way through ________ the crowd to the library to avoid a late fee and renew the books she borrowed two months ago.
3 Happiness ______radiated from _______ Mary as she proudly told her parents about her remarkable success in achieving her career goals!
4 For people who live in industrialized countries, it is hard to ____conceive of
_________ living without electricity and other modern conveniences.
5 The car ____ was lined with_________ steel to protect the occupants from attacks by angry residents, who were strongly against gambling being allowed in their community.
6 The boys stood at the shore of the river which was filled with water from the melting snow in the mountains, and they were hesitating to _____ dive into________ the icy water below them.
7 I bought a second-hand pocket English-English dictionary; it's been very useful and cost me ____ next to nothing _________ .
8 It was a hot and humid night; all the soldiers ____stayed down_________ out of sight, waiting for the orders to attack.
答案：
1. flew at 2. wove her way through 3. radiated from 4. conceive of
5. was lined with 6. dive into 7. next to nothing 8. stayed down
U7
7.
scrape together give way to wind up be in a position
put down deteriorate into on the verge of in all likelihood
1 He ____put down_________ $20,000 as a deposit on the beautiful $200,000 villa believing that his investment would increase over time.
2 The parents who feel that their own lives are miserable and are failures can ___wind up__________
doing an immense amount of damage to their kids.
3 Families that are paying for college or saving for college are trying to ___scrape together __________ and save the money for their kids.
4 Reporters were openly and aggressively questioning whether the party was ________ on the verge of _____
being taken over by extremists.
5 The factory had just started production and ____in all likelihood _________ it would take five to seven years to achieve full production.
6 The conditions for the majority of the workforce will continue to ___deteriorate into__________ widespread and extreme poverty if relief payment is late in coming.
7 Only those who are weighing the advantages and disadvantages of each choice ____are in a position _________ to know which one is best for them.
8 Her romantic illusions of being married _____gave way to________ recognizing her adult responsibilities that came with marriage.
答案：
1. put down 2. wind up 3. scrape together 4. on the verge of
5. in all likelihood 6. deteriorate into 7. are in a position 8. gave way to
U8
7.
provide for insulate sb. from have authority oven tiptoe around
for one's part irrespective of get away with at one's disposal
dispense with have a high opinion of
1 Our students have almost limitless resources ___at their disposal __________ : a well-equipped library student workrooms, a large cafeteria,an undergraduate office and a computer center.
2 South Africa's government imprisoned Nelson Mandela for 27 years, but never succeeded in its attempt to ____insulate him from_________ his sacred cause against racial separation.
3 Please remember to keep a copy for yourself as we cannot return manuscripts, ____ irrespective of _________
whether or not they are published.
4 He won't be able to make any progress if he always ____has a high opinion of _________ himself and criticism flows off him like water off a duck's back.
5 Since Mary won the money and bought up the majority of the company's stock shares she now _____has authority over ________ the people she used to take orders from.
6 Your new boss is nice and will be kind to you provided that you, ____for your part _________ ,work diligently without complaining too much.
7 Despite the measures put in place to prevent plagiarism, it is still not clear how students can ____get away with_________ cheating in their exams.
8 When the economic slump hit the country, many people who had lost their jobs had to __dispense with___________ a lot of luxuries.
9 The majority of people are not lazy; they want to work hard, want to have a better future, and want to ____provide for_________ their families.
10 In 1940, some people thought Franklin Roosevelt was ____ tiptoeing around_________ the question of war, instead of confronting it, until the Japanese suddenly attacked the United States Navy Pacific Fleet in Pearl Harbor.
答案：
1. at their disposal 2. insulate him from 3. irrespective of
4. has a high opinion of 5. has authority over 6. for your part
7. get away with 8. dispense with 9. provide for
10. tiptoeing around
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