Spring配置数据源

1、数据源的作用

        数据源是为了提高程序的性能而出现的

        事先实例化数据源，初始化连接资源x

        使用连接池资源时从数据源中获取

        使用完以后将数据源资源归还到数据源中

        常见的数据源有：DBCP、C3P0、BoneCP、Druid等

2、开发步骤

        导入数据源和数据库驱动坐标

        创建数据源对象

        设置数据源基本连接数据

        使用数据源获取和归还连接资源

导入坐标

        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <!--这里的版本要和mysql版本一样-->
            <version>8.0.33</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>c3p0</groupId>
            <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
            <version>0.9.1.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.10</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.13.1</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.testng</groupId>
            <artifactId>testng</artifactId>
            <version>RELEASE</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

1、手动创建c3p0数据源

@Test
    //手动创还能C3P0数据源
    public void test1() throws Exception {
        ComboPooledDataSource dataSource=new ComboPooledDataSource();
        dataSource.setDriverClass("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
        dataSource.setJdbcUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/数据库名称");
        dataSource.setUser("数据库连接名称");
        dataSource.setPassword("数据库密码");
        Connection connection = dataSource.getConnection();
        System.out.println(connection);
        connection.close();
    }

2、手动创建Druid数据源

@Test
//手动创还能Druid数据源
public void test2() throws Exception {
    DruidDataSource dataSource=new DruidDataSource();
    dataSource.setDriverClassName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
    dataSource.setUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/数据库名称");
    dataSource.setUsername("数据库连接名称");
    dataSource.setPassword("数据库密码");
    Connection connection = dataSource.getConnection();
    System.out.println(connection);
    connection.close();
}

3、使用jdbc.properties        

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/数据库名称
jdbc.name=数据库连接名称
jdbc.password=数据库密码

@Test
//手动创还能C3P0数据源(加载properties配置文件)
public void test3() throws Exception {
    ResourceBundle bundle = ResourceBundle.getBundle("jdbc");
    String driver = bundle.getString("jdbc.driver");
    String url = bundle.getString("jdbc.url");
    String name = bundle.getString("jdbc.name");
    String password = bundle.getString("jdbc.password");

    ComboPooledDataSource dataSource=new ComboPooledDataSource();
    dataSource.setDriverClass(driver);
    dataSource.setJdbcUrl(url);
    dataSource.setUser(name);
    dataSource.setPassword(password);

    Connection connection = dataSource.getConnection();
    System.out.println(connection);
    connection.close();
}

4、Spring生产数据源对象

    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <property name="DriverClass" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"></property>
        <property name="JdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test"></property>
        <property name="User" value="root"></property>
        <property name="Password" value="123456"></property>
    </bean>

    @Test
    //测试Spring容器产生数据源对象
    public void test4() throws Exception {
        ApplicationContext app=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
        DataSource bean = app.getBean(DataSource.class);
        Connection c = bean.getConnection();
        System.out.println(c);
        c.close();
    }

5、加载propertise文件

        命名空间：xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context

        约束路径：http://www.springframework.org/schema/context

                          http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd

       xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
                            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>

    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <property name="DriverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"></property>
        <property name="JdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"></property>
        <property name="User" value="${jdbc.name}"></property>
        <property name="Password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
    </bean>

    @Test
    //测试Spring容器产生数据源对象
    public void test4() throws Exception {
        ApplicationContext app=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
        DataSource bean = app.getBean(DataSource.class);
        Connection c = bean.getConnection();
        System.out.println(c);
        c.close();
    }