三层架构+vrrp

实验要求：

1.内网IP地址172.16.0.0/16合理分配
2. SW1/2之间互为备份
3.. VRRP/STP/MLAN/TRUNK均使用。，
4、所有PC通过DHCP获取ip地址

 实验步骤及实验结果：

1、IP地址规划拓扑设计：

2、配置交换机

1）创建Eth-Trunk 0并绑定g0/0/22和g0/0/23接口

SW1：

[SW1-Eth-Trunk0]interface Eth-Trunk 0
[SW1-Eth-Trunk0]q  
[SW1]interface g0/0/22
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/22]eth-trunk 0
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/22]q
[SW1]interface g0/0/23
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/23]eth-trunk 0

SW2：

[SW2]interface Eth-Trunk 0
[SW2-Eth-Trunk0]q
[SW2]interface g0/0/22
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/22]eth-trunk 0
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/22]q
[SW2]int g0/0/23
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/23]eth-trunk 0

查看SW1和SW2的接口信息

 2）创建VLAN和划分VLAN

SW1：
[SW1]vlan 2
[SW1-vlan2]q
[SW1]port-group group-member GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 to GigabitEthernet 0/0/2 Eth-
Trunk 0
[SW1-port-group]port link-type trunk 
[SW1-port-group]port trunk allow-pass vlan 2

SW2：

[SW2]vlan 2
[SW2-vlan2]q
[SW2]port-group group-member GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 to GigabitEthernet 0/0/2 Eth-
Trunk 0 
[SW2-port-group]port link-type trunk  
[SW2-port-group]port trunk allow-pass vlan 2

SW3：（由于e0/0/1默认在VLAN1不用划分，只需要划分e0/0/2和配置vlan模式）

[SW3-vlan2]vlan 2
[SW3-vlan2]q
[SW3]int e0/0/2   
[SW3-Ethernet0/0/2]port link-type access  
[SW3-Ethernet0/0/2]port default vlan 2
[SW3-Ethernet0/0/2]q
[SW3]port-group group-member g0/0/1 to g0/0/2 
[SW3-port-group]port link-type trunk   
[SW3-port-group]port trunk allow-pass vlan 2

SW4：（由于e0/0/1默认在VLAN1不用划分，只需要划分e0/0/2和配置vlan模式）

[SW4]vlan 2
[SW4-vlan2]q
[SW4]int e0/0/2 
[SW4-Ethernet0/0/2]port link-type access  
[SW4-Ethernet0/0/2]port default vlan 2
[SW4-Ethernet0/0/2]q
[SW4]port-group group-member GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 to GigabitEthernet 0/0/2   
[SW4-port-group]port link-type trunk 
[SW4-port-group]port trunk allow-pass vlan 2

3）创建STP组

SW1:

[SW1]stp region-configuration  
[SW1-mst-region]region-name a  
[SW1-mst-region]instance 1 vlan 1
[SW1-mst-region]instance 2 vlan 2  
[SW1-mst-region]active region-configuration 

SW2:

[SW2]stp region-configuration  
[SW2-mst-region]region-name a  
[SW2-mst-region]instance 1 vlan 1
[SW2-mst-region]instance 2 vlan 2  
[SW2-mst-region]active region-configuration 

SW3:

[SW3]stp region-configuration  
[SW3-mst-region]region-name a  
[SW3-mst-region]instance 1 vlan 1
[SW3-mst-region]instance 2 vlan 2  
[SW3-mst-region]active region-configuration

SW4:

[SW4]stp region-configuration  
[SW4-mst-region]region-name a  
[SW4-mst-region]instance 1 vlan 1
[SW4-mst-region]instance 2 vlan 2  
[SW4-mst-region]active region-configuration

在SW1上指定组1为主根组2为备份根；在SW2上指定组2为主根组1为备份根：

[SW1]stp instance 1 root primary 
[SW1]stp instance 2 root secondary 

[SW2]stp instance 2 root primary    
[SW2]stp instance 1 root secondary 

为了使SW3和SW4一直作为接入层，故在SW1上指定组0为主根，SW2上组0为备份根：

[SW1]stp instance 0 root primary 

[SW2]stp instance 0 root secondary 

在SW3和SW4上的用户接口做STP的边缘接口，为了将SW3和SW4的用户接口不再发BPDU骚扰用户接口的用户

[SW3]port-group group-member Ethernet 0/0/1 to Ethernet 0/0/22
[SW3-port-group]stp edged-port enable  
[SW4]port-group group-member Ethernet 0/0/1 to Ethernet 0/0/22
[SW4-port-group]stp edged-port enable

拟定e0/0/3接口为连接wifi的接口，若出现环路优先阻塞有线接口，故更改STP优先级

[SW3]int e0/0/3
[SW3-Ethernet0/0/3]stp instance 0 port priority 16

查看STP：

 4）配置SVI

[SW1]interface Vlanif 1
[SW1-Vlanif1]ip address 172.16.1.1 25
[SW1-Vlanif1]q  
[SW1]interface Vlanif 2   
[SW1-Vlanif2]ip address 172.16.1.129 25

[SW2]interface Vlanif 1
[SW2-Vlanif1]ip address 172.16.1.2 25
[SW2-Vlanif1]q
[SW2]interface v    
[SW2]interface Vlanif 2 
[SW2-Vlanif2]ip address 172.16.1.130 25

5)配置VRRP网关冗余备份

SW1上vlan1为主：

[SW1]interface Vlanif 1
[SW1-Vlanif1]vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 172.16.1.126
[SW1-Vlanif1]vrrp vrid 1 priority 101  
[SW1-Vlanif1]vrrp vrid 1 track interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/24 reduced 20    #上行链路追踪

[SW2]interface Vlanif 1   
[SW2-Vlanif1]vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 172.16.1.126

SW2上vlan2为主：

[SW2]interface Vlanif 2  
[SW2-Vlanif2]vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 172.16.1.254
[SW2-Vlanif2]vrrp vrid 1 priority 101
[SW2-Vlanif2]vrrp vrid 1 track interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/24 reduced 20  #上行链路追踪

[SW1]interface Vlanif 2 
[SW1-Vlanif2]vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 172.16.1.254

查看VRRP：

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6）配置DHCP获取IP地址

SW1：

[SW1]dhcp enable   
[SW1]ip pool v1
[SW1-ip-pool-v1]network 172.16.1.0 mask 25  
[SW1-ip-pool-v1]gateway-list 172.16.1.126
[SW1-ip-pool-v1]dns-list 114.114.114.114 8.8.8.8
[SW1-ip-pool-v1]q  
[SW1]ip pool v2 
[SW1-ip-pool-v2]network 172.16.1.128 mask 25
[SW1-ip-pool-v2]gateway-list 172.16.1.254
[SW1-ip-pool-v2]dns-list 114.114.114.114 8.8.8.8
[SW1-ip-pool-v2]q 
[SW1]interface Vlanif 1 
[SW1-Vlanif1]dhcp select gl    
[SW1-Vlanif1]dhcp select global  
[SW1-Vlanif1]q 
[SW1]interface Vlanif 2
[SW1-Vlanif2]dhcp select global 

SW2：

[SW2]dhcp enable 
[SW2]ip pool v1
[SW2-ip-pool-v1] gateway-list 172.16.1.126
[SW2-ip-pool-v1] network 172.16.1.0 mask 255.255.255.128
[SW2-ip-pool-v1] dns-list 114.114.114.114 8.8.8.8
[SW2-ip-pool-v1]ip pool v2
[SW2-ip-pool-v2] gateway-list 172.16.1.254
[SW2-ip-pool-v2] network 172.16.1.128 mask 255.255.255.128
[SW2-ip-pool-v2] dns-list 114.114.114.114 8.8.8.8
[SW2-ip-pool-v2]q 
[SW2]interface Vlanif 1 
[SW2-Vlanif1]dhcp select global 
[SW2-Vlanif1]q 
[SW2]interface Vlanif 2   
[SW2-Vlanif2]dhcp select global 

3、配置路由器 

1）配置路由器IP地址

[Huawei]sysname ISP
[ISP]int g0/0/1 
[ISP-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 12.1.1.2 24
[ISP-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int lo0
[ISP-LoopBack0]ip address 1.1.1.1 24

[Huawei]sysname r2
[r2]int g0/0/0 
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 12.1.1.1 24
[r2]int g0/0/1 
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.0.1 30
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 172.16.0.5 30

2）配置三层交换机的上行接口IP地址

SW1:

#由于华为模拟器三层交换机不能直接配置IP地址，故需要创建一个vlan组配置IP地址

[SW1]vlan 99
[SW1-vlan99]q
[SW1]int g0/0/24 
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/24]port link-type access 
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/24]port default vlan 99

[SW1]interface Vlanif 99
[SW1-Vlanif99]ip address 172.16.0.2 30

SW2：

#由于华为模拟器三层交换机不能直接配置IP地址，故需要创建一个vlan组配置IP地址

[SW2]vlan 99
[SW2-vlan99]q
[SW2]int g0/0/24 
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/24]port link-type access  
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/24port default vlan 99
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/24]q
[SW2]interface Vlanif 99
[SW2-Vlanif99]ip address 172.16.0.6 30

3)写路由配置OSPF

r2：

[r2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2 
[r2-ospf-1]area 0
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.1 0.0.0.0
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.5 0.0.0.0

SW1：

[SW1]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3 
[SW1-ospf-1]area 0
[SW1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.2 0.0.0.0
[SW1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]q  
[SW1-ospf-1]area 1
[SW1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.1.1 0.0.0.0
[SW1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.1.129 0.0.0.0

SW2：

[SW2]ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4
[SW2-ospf-1]area 0
[SW2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.6 0.0.0.0
[SW2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]q  
[SW2-ospf-1]area 1
[SW2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.1.2 0.0.0.0
[SW2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.1.130 0.0.0.0

写缺省重发布到OSPF中：

[r2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 12.1.1.2        #配置缺省指向公网

[r2]ospf 1
[r2-ospf-1]def    
[r2-ospf-1]default-route-advertise

汇总；做空接口防环：

[SW1]ospf 1 
[SW1-ospf-1]area 1
[SW1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]abr-summary 172.16.1.0 255.255.255.0

[SW1]ip route-static 172.16.1.0 24 NULL 0        #做空接口

[SW2]ospf 1   
[SW2-ospf-1]area 1
[SW2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]
[SW2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]abr-summary 172.16.1.0 255.255.255.0

[SW2]ip route-static 172.16.1.0 24 NULL 0        #做空接口

查看R2路由表：

4）做NAT

[r2]acl 2000
[r2-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r2-acl-basic-2000]q
[r2]interface g0/0/0 
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]nat outbound 2000

5)沉默接口

由于在实际工程中需要管理的接口很多，需要收发很多hello包，故只需要开启一些接口其他接口沉默即可：

SW1：

[SW1]ospf 1  
[SW1-ospf-1]silent-interface all        #先沉默所有接口
[SW1-ospf-1]undo silent-interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/24         #关闭g0/0/24沉默接口
[SW1-ospf-1]undo silent-interface Vlanif 99        #关闭Vlanif 99沉默接口

[SW1-ospf-1]undo silent-interface Eth-Trunk 0        #关闭Eth-Trunk 0 沉默接口
[SW1-ospf-1]undo silent-interface Vlanif 1        #关闭Vlanif 1沉默接口

SW2：

[SW2]ospf 1 
[SW2-ospf-1]silent-interface all
[SW2-ospf-1]undo silent-interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/24 
[SW2-ospf-1]undo silent-interface Vlanif 99  
[SW2-ospf-1]undo silent-interface Eth-Trunk 0
[SW2-ospf-1]undo silent-interface Vlanif 1

测试用户端访问公网：

4、在实验完成后测试根root网关备份：

关闭SW1后SW2抢走了根root和网关：

关闭SW1访问1.1.1.1：