1.文件上传到本地服务器。
(1)文件上传的依赖。
<!--文件上传的依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
<version>1.4</version>
</dependency>
(2)创建一个页面
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: 冰冰
Date: 2022/6/9
Time: 19:53
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>upload</title>
</head>
<body>
<%--
method: 提交方式 文件上传必须为post提交。
enctype:默认application/x-www-form-urlencoded:表示提交表单数据
multipart/form-data:可以包含文件数据
input的类型必须为file类型,而且必须有name属性 name里面的名字需要和Controller里面的MultipartFile名字对应
--%>
<form method="post" action="upload" enctype="multipart/form-data">
<input type="file" name="myfile"/><br>
<input type="submit" value="提交"/>
</form>
</body>
(3)在springmvc中配置文件上传解析器
<!--
id的名称必须叫multipartResolver
-->
<bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
<!--这里的单位为字节10M*1024K*1024-->
<property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760"/>
</bean>
(4)创建upload接口方法
package com.lrb.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import java.io.File;
import java.util.UUID;
//上传图片到本地
@Controller
public class UploadController {
//MultipartFile 参数名必须和<input type="file" name = "myfile"/>中name属性相同
@RequestMapping(value = "/upload",method = RequestMethod.POST)
@PostMapping("/upload")
public String upload02(MultipartFile myfile,HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception{
//获取上传到服务器的文件夹路径
String path = request.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath("upload");
//判断该目录是否存在
File file = new File(path);
if (!file.exists()){
file.mkdirs();
}
//给图片起随机编码 把myfile保存到本地服务下某个文件夹中
String fileName = UUID.randomUUID().toString().replace("-","")+myfile.getOriginalFilename();
File target = new File(path + "/" + fileName);
myfile.transferTo(target);
//把myfile转移到目录下
System.out.println(path);
return "index.jsp";
}
}
2. elementui+vue+axios完成文件上传
(1)前端页面的布局
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: 冰冰
Date: 2022/6/9
Time: 20:22
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
<!--引入element的css样式-->
<link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="css/index.css"/>
<!--引入vue的js文件 这个必须在element之前引入-->
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/vue.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/qs.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/axios.min.js"></script>
<!--element的js文件-->
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/index.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="app">
<%--action:文件上传的路径 要和想跳转的路径的名字一样--%>
<el-upload
class="avatar-uploader"
action="upload1"
:show-file-list="false"
:on-success="handleAvatarSuccess"
:before-upload="beforeAvatarUpload">
<img v-if="imageUrl" :src="imageUrl" class="avatar">
<i v-else class="el-icon-plus avatar-uploader-icon"></i>
</el-upload>
</div>
</body>
<script>
var app=new Vue({
el:"#app",
data:{
imageUrl:"",
},
methods:{
//上传成功后触发的方法
handleAvatarSuccess(res, file) {
console.log(res);
this.imageUrl=res.data;
},
//上传前触发的方法
beforeAvatarUpload(file) {
//此处设置条件,可在下面的if中添加进行判断
//图片格式是计算机存储图片的格式,常见的存储的格式有
//bmp,jpg,png,tif,gif,pcx,tga,exif,fpx,svg,psd,cdr,pcd,dxf,ufo,eps,ai,raw,WMF,webp,avif等。.
const isGIF = file.type==='image/gif'
const isJPG = file.type === 'image/jpeg';
const isPNG = file.type === 'image/png';
const isLt2M = file.size / 1024 / 1024 < 2;
if (!isLt2M) {
this.$message.error('上传头像图片大小不能超过 2MB!');
}
return isLt2M;
}
}
})
</script>
<%--图片选择框的样式--%>
<style>
.avatar-uploader .el-upload {
border: 1px dashed #d9d9d9;
border-radius: 6px;
cursor: pointer;
position: relative;
overflow: hidden;
}
.avatar-uploader .el-upload:hover {
border-color: #409eff;
}
.avatar-uploader-icon {
font-size: 28px;
color: #8c939d;
width: 178px;
height: 178px;
line-height: 178px;
text-align: center;
}
.avatar {
width: 178px;
height: 178px;
display: block;
}
</style>
</html>
(2)后台的接口
package com.lrb.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import java.io.File;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.UUID;
@Controller
public class UploadController1 {
@RequestMapping("/upload1")
@ResponseBody
public Map upload02(MultipartFile file, HttpServletRequest request) {
try {
//获取上传到服务器的文件夹路径
String path = request.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath("upload");
File file1 = new File(path);
//输出目录到控制台上
System.out.println(path);
//判断指定的目录是否存在 exists 和 not exists 返回的结果类型是 Boolean
if (!file1.exists()){
//mkdir是(make directories)的缩写,其功能为创建一个目录
file1.mkdirs();
}
//给添加进去的图片生成一个随机名字 设置上传后的文件名称
String filename = UUID.randomUUID().toString().replace("-","")+file.getOriginalFilename();
File target = new File(path+"/"+filename);
file.transferTo(target);
//设置key值和value值 用于存储信息
Map map=new HashMap();
map.put("code",2000);
map.put("mag","上传成功");
//通过访问服务器地址来访问图片
map.put("data","http://localhost:8080/shangchuan/upload/"+filename);
return map;
}catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
Map map = new HashMap();
map.put("code",5000);
map.put("msg","上传失败");
return map;
}
}
3. 上传到oss阿里云的服务器
3.1.申请阿里云的密钥 此处省略
3.2.引入阿里云的OSS依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>com.aliyun.oss</groupId>
<artifactId>aliyun-sdk-oss</artifactId>
<version>3.10.2</version>
</dependency>
3.3.代码
package com.lrb.controller;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSS;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSSClientBuilder;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
public class UploadController2 {
//上传图片到阿里云
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
// Endpoint以华东1(杭州)为例,其它Region请按实际情况填写。
String endpoint = "oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com";
// 阿里云账号AccessKey拥有所有API的访问权限,风险很高。强烈建议您创建并使用R+
// AM用户进行API访问或日常运维,请登录RAM控制台创建RAM用户。
String accessKeyId = "LTAI5tQJ8uMmiDqH8LsaMzJs";
String accessKeySecret = "8qWJQi0bHkpR2E67DmALF2fm4Awl58";
// 填写Bucket名称,例如examplebucket。
String bucketName = "nanyanreai";
// 填写Object完整路径,完整路径中不能包含Bucket名称,例如exampledir/exampleobject.txt。
//你把图片上传到阿里云中的名字是 在这里设定
String objectName = "2.png";
// 填写本地文件的完整路径,例如D:\\localpath\\examplefile.txt。
// 如果未指定本地路径,则默认从示例程序所属项目对应本地路径中上传文件流。
//此处填写图片在本地中的路径
String filePath= "C:\\Users\\冰冰\\Desktop\\1.png";
// 创建OSSClient实例。
OSS ossClient = new OSSClientBuilder().build(endpoint, accessKeyId, accessKeySecret);
try {
InputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(filePath);
// 创建PutObject请求。
ossClient.putObject(bucketName, objectName, inputStream);
} catch (Exception oe) {
oe.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (ossClient != null) {
ossClient.shutdown();
}
}
}
}
4. elementui 异步上传OSS服务器
4.1.前端
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: 冰冰
Date: 2022/6/9
Time: 20:22
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
<!--引入element的css样式-->
<link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="css/index.css"/>
<!--引入vue的js文件 这个必须在element之前引入-->
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/vue.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/qs.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/axios.min.js"></script>
<!--element的js文件-->
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/index.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="app">
<%--action:文件上传的路径 要和想跳转的路径的名字一样--%>
<el-upload
class="avatar-uploader"
action="upload3"
:show-file-list="false"
:on-success="handleAvatarSuccess"
:before-upload="beforeAvatarUpload">
<img v-if="imageUrl" :src="imageUrl" class="avatar">
<i v-else class="el-icon-plus avatar-uploader-icon"></i>
</el-upload>
</div>
</body>
<script>
var app=new Vue({
el:"#app",
data:{
imageUrl:"",
},
methods:{
//上传成功后触发的方法
handleAvatarSuccess(res, file) {
console.log(res);
this.imageUrl=res.data;
},
//上传前触发的方法
beforeAvatarUpload(file) {
//此处设置条件,可在下面的if中添加进行判断
//图片格式是计算机存储图片的格式,常见的存储的格式有
//bmp,jpg,png,tif,gif,pcx,tga,exif,fpx,svg,psd,cdr,pcd,dxf,ufo,eps,ai,raw,WMF,webp,avif等。.
const isGIF = file.type==='image/gif'
const isJPG = file.type === 'image/jpeg';
const isPNG = file.type === 'image/png';
const isLt2M = file.size / 1024 / 1024 < 2;
if (!isLt2M) {
this.$message.error('上传头像图片大小不能超过 2MB!');
}
return isLt2M;
}
}
})
</script>
<%--图片选择框的样式--%>
<style>
.avatar-uploader .el-upload {
border: 1px dashed #d9d9d9;
border-radius: 6px;
cursor: pointer;
position: relative;
overflow: hidden;
}
.avatar-uploader .el-upload:hover {
border-color: #409eff;
}
.avatar-uploader-icon {
font-size: 28px;
color: #8c939d;
width: 178px;
height: 178px;
line-height: 178px;
text-align: center;
}
.avatar {
width: 178px;
height: 178px;
display: block;
}
</style>
</html>
4.2.后端
package com.lrb.utils;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSS;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSSClientBuilder;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.Calendar;
import java.util.UUID;
//封装一个工具类
public class OssUtils {
public static String upload(MultipartFile myfile){
// Endpoint以华东1(杭州)为例,其它Region请按实际情况填写。
String endpoint = "oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com";
// 阿里云账号AccessKey拥有所有API的访问权限,风险很高。强烈建议您创建并使用RAM用户进行API访问或日常运维,请登录RAM控制台创建RAM用户。
String accessKeyId = "LTAI5tQJ8uMmiDqH8LsaMzJs";
String accessKeySecret = "8qWJQi0bHkpR2E67DmALF2fm4Awl58";
// 填写Bucket名称,例如examplebucket。
// springmvc-project01
String bucketName = "nanyanreai";
//填写Object完整路径,完整路径中不能包含Bucket名称,例如exampledir/exampleobject.txt。
//你把图片上传到阿里云中的名字是 在这里设定
//填写本地文件的完整路径,例如D:\\localpath\\examplefile.txt。
//如果未指定本地路径,则默认从示例程序所属项目对应本地路径中上传文件流。
//此处填写图片在本地中的路径
//你上传到oss后的名字 会根据日期帮你创建文件夹。
String objectName = fileName(myfile);
//创建OSSClient实例。
OSS ossClient = new OSSClientBuilder().build(endpoint, accessKeyId, accessKeySecret);
try {
InputStream inputStream = myfile.getInputStream();
//创建PutObject请求。
ossClient.putObject(bucketName, objectName, inputStream);
} catch (Exception oe) {
oe.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (ossClient != null) {
ossClient.shutdown();
}
}
String url="https://"+bucketName+"."+endpoint+"/"+objectName;
System.out.println(url);
return url;
}
//获取上传到oss后的名字
private static String fileName(MultipartFile myfile){
Calendar calendar = Calendar.getInstance();
//建立文件夹,并根据所设定的,获取年月日建立三级文件目录,并根据设定生成随机ID
String name = calendar.get(Calendar.YEAR)+"/"+(calendar.get(Calendar.MONTH)+1)+"/"+calendar.get(Calendar.DATE)+"/"+
UUID.randomUUID().toString().replace("-","")+myfile.getOriginalFilename();
return name;
}
}
4.3. controller接口
package com.lrb.controller;
import com.lrb.utils.OssUtils;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
//element+oss进行阿里云上传
@RestController
public class UploadController3 {
@RequestMapping("/upload3")
public Map upload3(MultipartFile file){
try {
String url = OssUtils.upload(file);
Map map = new HashMap();
map.put("code",2000);
map.put("mag","上传成功");
map.put("data",url);
return map;
}catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
HashMap map = new HashMap();
map.put("code",5000);
map.put("msg","上传失败");
return map;
}
}
5. 保存用户信息--头像
5.1.前端的布局
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: 冰冰
Date: 2022/6/11
Time: 8:28
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
<!--引入element的css样式-->
<link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="css/index.css"/>
<!--引入vue的js文件 这个必须在element之前引入-->
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/vue.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/qs.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/axios.min.js"></script>
<!--element的js文件-->
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/index.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="app">
<el-form label-width="80px" :model="userForm">
<el-form-item label="头像:">
<el-upload
class="avatar-uploader"
action="upload4"
:show-file-list="false"
:on-success="handleAvatarSuccess"
:before-upload="beforeAvatarUpload">
<img v-if="imageUrl" :src="imageUrl" class="avatar">
<i v-else class="el-icon-plus avatar-uploader-icon"></i>
</el-upload>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="账号:">
<el-input v-model="userForm.name"></el-input>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="密码:">
<el-input v-model="userForm.pwd"></el-input>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="地址:">
<el-input v-model="userForm.address"></el-input>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item>
<el-button type="primary" @click="onSubmit">查询</el-button>
</el-form-item>
</el-form>
</div>
</body>
<script>
var app=new Vue({
el:"#app",
data:{
userForm:{},
imageUrl:""
},
methods:{
handleAvatarSuccess(result,file){
this.imageUrl=result.data;
//为表单对象添加头像地址的属性
this.userForm.avatarUrl=this.imageUrl;
},
//提交
onSubmit(){
//不能加杠 要不然它是根目录
axios.post("addUser",this.userForm).then(function(result){
});
},
//上传前触发的方法
beforeAvatarUpload(file) {
const isJPG = file.type === 'image/jpeg';
const isPNG = file.type === 'image/png';
const isLt2M = file.size / 1024 / 1024 < 2;
if (!isLt2M) {
this.$message.error('上传头像图片大小不能超过 2MB!');
}
return isLt2M;
}
}
})
</script>
<style>
.avatar-uploader .el-upload {
border: 1px dashed #d9d9d9;
border-radius: 6px;
cursor: pointer;
position: relative;
overflow: hidden;
}
.avatar-uploader .el-upload:hover {
border-color: #409EFF;
}
.avatar-uploader-icon {
font-size: 28px;
color: #8c939d;
width: 178px;
height: 178px;
line-height: 178px;
text-align: center;
}
.avatar {
width: 178px;
height: 178px;
display: block;
}
</style>
</html>
5.2.后台代码
package com.lrb.controller;
import com.lrb.entity.User;
import com.lrb.utils.CommonResult;
import com.lrb.utils.OssUtils;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
//该注解下所有的方法都是返回json数据
@RestController
public class UploadController4 {
//把请求路径映射到响应的方法上。
@RequestMapping("/upload4")
public CommonResult upload4(MultipartFile file){
try {
String avatar = OssUtils.upload(file);
return new CommonResult(2000,"上传成功",avatar);
}catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
return new CommonResult(5000,"失败",null);
}
@PostMapping("/addUser")
//把请求的json数据转换成java对象
public CommonResult addUser(@RequestBody User user){
System.out.println(user);
return new CommonResult(2000,"成功",null);
}
}