Mybatis概述
Mybatis 是一款优秀的持久层框架,它支持自定义 SQL、存储过程以及高级映射。Mybatis 免除了几乎所有的JDBC 代码以及设置参数和获取结果集的工作。Mybatis 可以通过简单的 XML 或注解来配置和映射原始类型、接口和 Java POJO (Plain Old Java Objects,普通老式 Java 对象)为数据库中的记录。
使用Mybatis查询用户数据的步骤
1.准备工作:创建springboot工程,数据库表,实体类)
2.引入Mybatis的相关依赖,配置Mybatis
3.编写SQL语句(注解/XML)
示例程序
创建一个数据库(名字为mybatis,密码为:1234,用户名:root),创建一个表格如1所示。
**保证数据库在运行
UserMapper接口
@Mapper
public interface Usermapper {
@Select( "select * from emp where id=#{id}")
public List<User> list (Integer id);
}
**使用#{id} 而不是用${id}可以防止SQL注入
User类
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
public class User {
private Integer id;
private String name;
private short age;
private short gender;
private String phone;
}
**注解要Lombok,看下面Lombok的操作过程
application.properties
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=1234
**mybatis是数据库名(要一致)
测试
@SpringBootTest
class SpringbootMybatisQuickly01ApplicationTests {
@Autowired
private Usermapper userMapper;
@Test
public void testListUser() {
List<User> userList = userMapper.list(11);
userList.stream().forEach(user ->
System.out.println(user));
}
}
包的位置要如下,要与启动类在同一个包下
配置SQL提示
**这个操作一定要有,防止没有链接数据库无法运行,它可以减少错误的发生和查找
User爆红的解决方法
数据库连接池(idea有自带的)
数据库连接池是个容器,负责分配、管理数据库连接(Connection)它允许应用程序重复使用一个现有的数据库连接,而不是再重新建立一个释放空闲时间超过最大空闲时间的连接,来避免因为没有释放连接而引起的数据库连接遗漏。
优势
资源重用
提升系统响应速度
避免数据库连接遗漏
切换连接池
xml写入依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>1.2.8</version>
</dependency>
Lombok
**lombok插件idea已经安装好了,没有就自己安装
引入依赖(XML)
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
</dependency>
Mybatis基础操作(增删改查)
准备工作
1.创建一个数据库表emp(数据库名字为Mybatis)
-- 部门管理
create table dept(
id int unsigned primary key auto_increment comment '主键ID',
name varchar(10) not null unique comment '部门名称',
create_time datetime not null comment '创建时间',
update_time datetime not null comment '修改时间'
) comment '部门表';
insert into dept (id, name, create_time, update_time) values(1,'学工部',now(),now()),(2,'教研部',now(),now()),(3,'咨询部',now(),now()), (4,'就业部',now(),now()),(5,'人事部',now(),now());
-- 员工管理
create table emp (
id int unsigned primary key auto_increment comment 'ID',
username varchar(20) not null unique comment '用户名',
password varchar(32) default '123456' comment '密码',
name varchar(10) not null comment '姓名',
gender tinyint unsigned not null comment '性别, 说明: 1 男, 2 女',
image varchar(300) comment '图像',
job tinyint unsigned comment '职位, 说明: 1 班主任,2 讲师, 3 学工主管, 4 教研主管, 5 咨询师',
entrydate date comment '入职时间',
dept_id int unsigned comment '部门ID',
create_time datetime not null comment '创建时间',
update_time datetime not null comment '修改时间'
) comment '员工表';
INSERT INTO emp
(id, username, password, name, gender, image, job, entrydate,dept_id, create_time, update_time) VALUES
(1,'jinyong','123456','金庸',1,'1.jpg',4,'2000-01-01',2,now(),now()),
(2,'zhangwuji','123456','张无忌',1,'2.jpg',2,'2015-01-01',2,now(),now()),
(3,'yangxiao','123456','杨逍',1,'3.jpg',2,'2008-05-01',2,now(),now()),
(4,'weiyixiao','123456','韦一笑',1,'4.jpg',2,'2007-01-01',2,now(),now()),
(5,'changyuchun','123456','常遇春',1,'5.jpg',2,'2012-12-05',2,now(),now()),
(6,'xiaozhao','123456','小昭',2,'6.jpg',3,'2013-09-05',1,now(),now()),
(7,'jixiaofu','123456','纪晓芙',2,'7.jpg',1,'2005-08-01',1,now(),now()),
(8,'zhouzhiruo','123456','周芷若',2,'8.jpg',1,'2014-11-09',1,now(),now()),
(9,'dingminjun','123456','丁敏君',2,'9.jpg',1,'2011-03-11',1,now(),now()),
(10,'zhaomin','123456','赵敏',2,'10.jpg',1,'2013-09-05',1,now(),now()),
(11,'luzhangke','123456','鹿杖客',1,'11.jpg',5,'2007-02-01',3,now(),now()),
(12,'hebiweng','123456','鹤笔翁',1,'12.jpg',5,'2008-08-18',3,now(),now()),
(13,'fangdongbai','123456','方东白',1,'13.jpg',5,'2012-11-01',3,now(),now()),
(14,'zhangsanfeng','123456','张三丰',1,'14.jpg',2,'2002-08-01',2,now(),now()),
(15,'yulianzhou','123456','俞莲舟',1,'15.jpg',2,'2011-05-01',2,now(),now()),
(16,'songyuanqiao','123456','宋远桥',1,'16.jpg',2,'2010-01-01',2,now(),now()),
(17,'chenyouliang','123456','陈友谅',1,'17.jpg',NULL,'2015-03-21',NULL,now(),now());
2.创建一个spingboot工程,选择引入对应的起步依赖(Mybatis,mysql驱动,lombok)
3.application。properties中引入数据库连接信息
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=1234
查看Mybatis日志配置项的XML
mybatis.configuration.log-impl=org.apache.ibatis.logging.stdout.StdOutImpl
4.创建对应的实体类Emp(实体类属性采用驼峰命名)
package com.itheima.springbootmybatiscrud01.pojo;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import java.time.LocalDate;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
public class Emp {
private Integer id; //ID
private String username; //用户名
private String password; //密码
private String name; //姓名
private Short gender; //性别, 1 男, 2 女
private String image; //图像url
private Short job; //职位, 说明: 1 班主任,2 讲师, 3 学工主管, 4 教研主管, 5 咨询师'
private LocalDate entrydate; //入职日期
private Integer deptId; //部门ID
private LocalDateTime createTime; //创建时间
private LocalDateTime updateTime; //修改时间
}
5.准备Mapper接口EmpMapper
package com.itheima.springbootmybatiscrud.Mapper;
import com.itheima.springbootmybatiscrud.Pojo.Emp;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.*;
import java.util.List;
@Mapper
public interface EmpMapper {
//查询id为xx的用户信息
@Select("select id, username, password, name, gender, image, job, entrydate, dept_id, create_time, update_time from emp where id=#{id}")
public Emp getById(Integer id);
//删除id为XX的信息
@Delete("delete from emp where id=#{id}")
public int delete(Integer id);
//新增员工
@Options(useGeneratedKeys = true, keyProperty = "id")
@Insert("insert into emp(username, name, gender, image, job, entrydate, dept_id, create_time, update_time)" +
"values(#{username},#{name},#{gender},#{image},#{job},#{entrydate},#{deptId},#{createTime},#{updateTime})")
public void insert(Emp emp);
//更新员工
@Update("update emp set username=#{username},name=#{name},gender=#{gender},image=#{image}," +
"job=#{job},entrydate=#{entrydate},dept_id=#{deptId},update_time=#{updateTime} where id=#{id}")
public void update(Emp emp);
}
测试
package com.itheima.springbootmybatiscrud;
import com.itheima.springbootmybatiscrud.Mapper.EmpMapper;
import com.itheima.springbootmybatiscrud.Pojo.Emp;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import java.time.LocalDate;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;
import java.util.List;
@SpringBootTest
class SpringbootMybatisCrudApplicationTests {
@Autowired
private EmpMapper empMapper;
@Test
public void testSelect(){
empMapper.getById(11);
}
@Test
public void testDelete(){
int delete = empMapper.delete(16);
System.out.println(delete);
}
@Test
public void testInsert(){
Emp emp=new Emp();
emp.setUsername("somgffan");
emp.setName("小宋");
emp.setGender((short) 1);
emp.setImage("1.jap");
emp.setJob((short) 2);
emp.setEntrydate(LocalDate.of(2015,1,23));
emp.setCreateTime(LocalDateTime.now());
emp.setUpdateTime(LocalDateTime.now());
empMapper.insert(emp);
System.out.println(emp.getId());
}
@Test
public void testUpdate(){
Emp emp=new Emp();
emp.setId(2);
emp.setUsername("sngsasafng");
emp.setName("小宋");
emp.setGender((short) 1);
emp.setImage("1.jap");
emp.setJob((short) 2);
emp.setDeptId(2);
emp.setEntrydate(LocalDate.of(2015,1,23));
emp.setUpdateTime(LocalDateTime.now());
empMapper.update(emp);
}
}
注意事项
在查询操作时
**实体类属性名和数据库表查询返回的字段名一致,mybatis会自动封装。
**如果实体类属性名和数据库表查询返回的字段名不一致,不能自动封装。
Emp(id=11, username=luzhangke, password=123456, name=鹿杖客, gender=1, image=11.jpg, job=5, entrydate=2007-02-01, deptId=null, createTime=null, updateTime=null)
解决方法
方法1:起别名
@Select("select id, username, password, name, gender, image, job, entrydate, dept_id deptId, create_time createTime, update_time updateTime from emp where id=#{id}")
public Emp getById(Integer id);
方法2:@Results注解
@Results({
@Result(column = "dept_id", property = "deptId"),
@Result(column = "create_time", property = "createTime"),
@Result(column = "update_time", property = "updateTime")
})
@Select("select* from emp where id=#{id}")
public Emp getById(Integer id);
方法3:#开启mybatis的驼峰命名自动映射开关
//mybatis.configuration.map-underscore-to-camel-case=true