python自动化之如何利用allure生成测试报告

Allure测试报告框架帮助你轻松实现”高大上”报告展示。本文通过示例演示如何从0到1集成Allure测试框架。重点展示了如何将Allure集成到已有的自动化测试工程中、以及如何实现报表的优化展示。Allure非常强大,支持多种语言多种测试框架,无论是Java/Python还是Junit/TestNG,其他语言或者框架实现的流程和本文一致,具体配置参照各语言框架规范

安装

安装allure

Windows用户:

  • scoop install allure    (需要先下载并安装Scoop,该方法无需配置环境变量)

MAC用户:

  • 通过Homebrew进行自动安装
  • brew install allure   (如果Homebrew版本比较旧,需要先升级Homebrew,否则安装的allure版本也很老,可能会与Python插件不兼容)

手动安装:

下载后解压并配置环境变量

安装allure-pytest插件

  • pip install allure-pytest

allure常用特性

希望在报告中看到测试功能,子功能或场景,测试步骤,包括测试附加信息可以使用@feature,@story,@step,@attach

步骤:

  • import allure
  • 功能上加@allure.feature("功能名称")
  • 子功能上加@allure.story("子功能名称")
  • 步骤上加@allure.step("步骤细节")
  • @allure.attach("具体文本信息"),需要附加的信息,可以是数据,文本,图片,视频,网页
  • 如果只测试部分功能运行的时候可以加限制过滤:
    • pytest 文件名 --allure-features "需要运行的功能名称" 

allure特性—feature/story

@allure.feature与@allure.store的关系

  • feature相当于一个功能,一个大的模块,将case分类到某个feature中,报告中在behaviore中显示,相当于testsuite
  • story相当于对应这个功能或者模块下的不同场景,分支功能,属于feature之下的结构,报告在features中显示,相当于testcase
  • feature与story类似于父与子关系

step特性

  • 测试过程中每个步骤,一般放在具体逻辑方法中
  • 可以放在关键步骤中,在报告中显示
  • 在app,web自动化测试中,建议每切换到一个新的页面当做一个step
  • 用法:
    • @allure.step() 只能以装饰器的形式放在类或方法上面
    • with allure.step():  可以放在测试用例方法里面,但测试步骤的代码需要被该语句包含

运行:

  在测试执行期间收集结果

  pytest [测试文件] -s -q --alluredir=./result --clean-alluredir

  • --alluredir这个选项,用于指定存储测试结果的路径
  • --clean-alluredir 这个选项用来清除之前生成的结果

查看测试报告:

  方法一:测试完成后查看实际报告,在线看报告,会直接打开默认浏览器展示当前报告

      allure serve ./result

  方法二:从结果生成报告,这是一个启动tomcat的服务,需要两个步骤

      生成报告:

          allure generate ./result -o ./report --clean   (注意:--clean用来清除之前已生成的报告)

      打开报告:

          allure open -h 127.0.0.1 -p 8883 ./report   (该方法直接生成一个tomcat服务,可远程访问)

举个例子:

有如下代码文件

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

40

41

42

43

44

45

46

47

48

49

50

51

52

53

54

55

56

57

58

59

60

#!/usr/bin/python

# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-

"""

@author:chenshifeng

@file:test_allure.py

@time:2020/10/10

"""

import allure

import pytest

@allure.feature('登录模块')

class TestLogin():

    @allure.story('登录成功')

    @allure.title('登录成功标题')

    def test_login_sucess(self):

        with allure.step('步骤1:打开应用'):

            print('应用已打开')

        with allure.step('步骤2:进入登录页面'):

            print('登录页面已打开')

        with allure.step('步骤3:输入用户名和密码'):

            print('用户名和密码输入成功')

        print('登录测试用例:登录成功')

    @allure.story('登录成功')

    def test_login_sucess2(self):

        assert '1' == 1

        print('登录测试用例:登录成功')

    @allure.story('登录失败')

    def test_login_failure_a(self):

        print('登录测试用例:登录失败,用户名缺失')

    @allure.story('登录失败')

    def test_login_failure_b(self):

        print('登录测试用例:登录失败,密码缺失')

    @allure.story('登录失败')

    def test_login_failure_c(self):

        with allure.step('输入用户名'):

            print('已输入用户名')

        with allure.step('输入密码'):

            print('已输入密码')

        with allure.step('点击登录'):

            print('已点击登录')

        print('登录测试用例:登录失败,密码错误')

@allure.feature('搜索模块')

class TestSearch():

    def test_search1(self):

        print('搜索用例1')

    TEST_CASE_LINK = 'https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/'

    @allure.testcase(TEST_CASE_LINK,'测试用例连接')

    def test_search2(self):

        print('搜索用例2')

    @allure.step('搜索步骤')

    def test_search3(self):

        print('搜索用例3')

依次执行命令: 

  pytest test_allure.py --alluredir=./result --clean-alluredir

  allure serve ./result

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

chenshifengdeMacBook-Pro:testcode chenshifeng$ pytest test_allure.py --alluredir=./result --clean-alluredir

============================================================================= test session starts =============================================================================

platform darwin -- Python 3.9.0, pytest-6.1.1, py-1.9.0, pluggy-0.13.1

rootdir: /Users/chenshifeng/MyCode/PythonCode/SFDSZL/test_pytest, configfile: pytest.ini

plugins: allure-pytest-2.8.18

collected 8 items                                                                                                                                                            

test_allure.py .F......                                                                                                                                                 [100%]

================================================================================== FAILURES ===================================================================================

________________________________________________________________________ TestLogin.test_login_sucess2 _________________________________________________________________________

self = <test_allure.TestLogin object at 0x7fef3d5cba90>

    @allure.story('登录成功')

    def test_login_sucess2(self):

>       assert '1' == 1

E       AssertionError: assert '1' == 1

test_allure.py:27: AssertionError

=========================================================================== short test summary info ===========================================================================

FAILED test_allure.py::TestLogin::test_login_sucess2 - AssertionError: assert '1' == 1

========================================================================= 1 failed, 7 passed in 0.07s =========================================================================

chenshifengdeMacBook-Pro:testcode chenshifeng$ allure serve ./result

Generating report to temp directory...

Report successfully generated to /var/folders/p0/3_7fwrvx6n3ftpfd4wjb01300000gn/T/7024790777193223986/allure-report

Starting web server...

2020-10-13 21:39:56.174:INFO::main: Logging initialized @6818ms to org.eclipse.jetty.util.log.StdErrLog

Server started at <http://192.168.12.100:58977/>. Press <Ctrl+C> to exit

生成的报告:

allure特性-testcase

关联测试用例(可以直接给测试用例的地址链接)

例子:

1

2

3

4

TEST_CASE_LINK = 'https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/'

@allure.testcase(TEST_CASE_LINK,'测试用例连接')

def test_search(self):

    print('搜索用例')

按重要性级别进行一定范围测试

通常测试有P0、冒烟测试、验证上线测试。按重要性级别来执行的,比如上线要把主流程和重要模块都跑一遍,可通过以下方法解决

通过附加@pytest.mark标记

通过allure.feature,allure.story

也可以通过allure.severity来附加标记

  • 级别:
  • trivial:不重要,轻微缺陷(必输项无提示,或者提示不规范)
  • minor 不太重要,次要缺陷(界面错误与UI需求不符)
  • normal:正常问题,普通缺陷(数值计算错误)
  • critical:严重,临界缺陷(功能点缺失)
  • blocker:阻塞,中断缺陷(客户端程序无响应,无法执行下一步操作)

使用方法:

   在方法、函数和类上面加 @allure.severity(allure.severity_level.TRIVIAL)

执行:

   pytest -s -v 文件名 --allure-severities normal,critical

举例说明:

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

40

41

42

43

44

45

46

47

48

49

50

51

52

53

54

55

56

57

#!/usr/bin/python

# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-

"""

@author:chenshifeng

@file:test_severity.py

@time:2020/10/11

"""

import allure

import pytest

# 不加任何标记,默认normal

def test_with_no_severity():

    pass

# trivial:不重要,轻微缺陷(必输项无提示,或者提示不规范)

@allure.severity(allure.severity_level.TRIVIAL)

def test_with_trivial_severity():

    pass

# minor 级别 不太重要,次要缺陷(界面错误与UI需求不符)

@allure.severity(allure.severity_level.MINOR)

def test_with_minor_severity():

    pass

# normal:正常问题,普通缺陷(数值计算错误)

@allure.severity(allure.severity_level.NORMAL)

def test_with_normal_severity():

    pass

# critical:严重,临界缺陷(功能点缺失)

@allure.severity(allure.severity_level.CRITICAL)

def test_with_ritical_severity():

    pass

# blocker:阻塞,中断缺陷(客户端程序无响应,无法执行下一步操作)

@allure.severity(allure.severity_level.BLOCKER)

def test_with_blocker_severity():

    pass

@allure.severity(allure.severity_level.NORMAL)

class TestClassWithNormalSeverity(object):

    # 不加任何标记,默认为同class级别

    def test_inside_with_normal_severity(self):

        pass

    # 重新设置了critical级别

    @allure.severity(allure.severity_level.CRITICAL)

    def test_inside_with_critical_severity(self):

        pass

执行:

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

chenshifengdeMacBook-Pro:testcode chenshifeng$ pytest test_severity.py --alluredir=./result --clean-alluredir -vs

============================================================================= test session starts =============================================================================

platform darwin -- Python 3.9.0, pytest-6.1.1, py-1.9.0, pluggy-0.13.1 -- /usr/local/bin/python3.9

cachedir: .pytest_cache

rootdir: /Users/chenshifeng/MyCode/PythonCode/SFDSZL/test_pytest, configfile: pytest.ini

plugins: allure-pytest-2.8.18

collected 8 items                                                                                                                                                            

test_severity.py::test_with_no_severity PASSED

test_severity.py::test_with_trivial_severity PASSED

test_severity.py::test_with_minor_severity PASSED

test_severity.py::test_with_normal_severity PASSED

test_severity.py::test_with_ritical_severity PASSED

test_severity.py::test_with_blocker_severity PASSED

test_severity.py::TestClassWithNormalSeverity::test_inside_with_normal_severity PASSED

test_severity.py::TestClassWithNormalSeverity::test_inside_with_critical_severity PASSED

============================================================================== 8 passed in 0.03s ==============================================================================

chenshifengdeMacBook-Pro:testcode chenshifeng$ allure serve ./result

Generating report to temp directory...

Report successfully generated to /var/folders/p0/3_7fwrvx6n3ftpfd4wjb01300000gn/T/17788207943997663035/allure-report

Starting web server...

2020-10-13 22:27:49.842:INFO::main: Logging initialized @6620ms to org.eclipse.jetty.util.log.StdErrLog

Server started at <http://192.168.12.100:59696/>. Press <Ctrl+C> to exit

终极用例:

百度搜索:

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

#!/usr/bin/python

# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-

"""

@author:chenshifeng

@file:test_baidudemo.py

@time:2020/10/13

"""

import pytest

import allure

from selenium import webdriver

import time

@allure.testcase('https://www.github.com')

@allure.feature("百度搜索")

@pytest.mark.parametrize('test_data1',['allure','pytest','unittest'])

def test_steps_demo(test_data1):

    with allure.step('打开百度网页'):

        driver=webdriver.Chrome()

        driver.get('http://www.baidu.com')

        driver.maximize_window()

    with allure.step(f'输入搜索词:{test_data1}'):

        driver.find_element_by_id('kw').send_keys(test_data1)

        time.sleep(2)

        driver.find_element_by_id('su').click()

        time.sleep(2)

    with allure.step('保存图片'):

        driver.save_screenshot('./screenshot/baidu.png')

        allure.attach.file('./screenshot/baidu.png',attachment_type=allure.attachment_type.PNG)

    with allure.step('关闭浏览器'):

        driver.quit()

执行:

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

chenshifengdeMacBook-Pro:testcode chenshifeng$ pytest test_baidudemo.py --alluredir=./result --clean-alluredir -vs

============================================================================= test session starts =============================================================================

platform darwin -- Python 3.9.0, pytest-6.1.1, py-1.9.0, pluggy-0.13.1 -- /usr/local/bin/python3.9

cachedir: .pytest_cache

rootdir: /Users/chenshifeng/MyCode/PythonCode/SFDSZL/test_pytest, configfile: pytest.ini

plugins: allure-pytest-2.8.18

collected 3 items                                                                                                                                                            

test_baidudemo.py::test_steps_demo[allure] PASSED

test_baidudemo.py::test_steps_demo[pytest] PASSED

test_baidudemo.py::test_steps_demo[unittest] PASSED

============================================================================= 3 passed in 24.65s ==============================================================================

chenshifengdeMacBook-Pro:testcode chenshifeng$ allure serve ./result

Generating report to temp directory...

Report successfully generated to /var/folders/p0/3_7fwrvx6n3ftpfd4wjb01300000gn/T/18005664130273264423/allure-report

Starting web server...

2020-10-13 23:03:39.221:INFO::main: Logging initialized @7360ms to org.eclipse.jetty.util.log.StdErrLog

Server started at <http://192.168.12.100:60775/>. Press <Ctrl+C> to exit

报告:

​现在我也找了很多测试的朋友,做了一个分享技术的交流群,共享了很多我们收集的技术文档和视频教程。
如果你不想再体验自学时找不到资源,没人解答问题,坚持几天便放弃的感受
可以加入我们一起交流。而且还有很多在自动化,性能,安全,测试开发等等方面有一定建树的技术大牛
分享他们的经验,还会分享很多直播讲座和技术沙龙
可以免费学习!划重点!开源的!!!
qq群号:485187702【暗号:csdn11】

最后感谢每一个认真阅读我文章的人,看着粉丝一路的上涨和关注,礼尚往来总是要有的,虽然不是什么很值钱的东西,如果你用得到的话可以直接拿走! 希望能帮助到你!【100%无套路免费领取】

  • 14
    点赞
  • 25
    收藏
    觉得还不错? 一键收藏
  • 0
    评论
评论
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

红包个数最小为10个

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43前往充值 >
需支付:10.00
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明:

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币,按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载,可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值