D29第七章 回溯算法part05* 491.递增子序列* 46.全排列* 47.全排列 II

第七章 回溯算法part05

* 491.递增子序列

class Solution {
    private List<Integer> path = new ArrayList<>();
    private List<List<Integer>> res = new ArrayList<>();
    public List<List<Integer>> findSubsequences(int[] nums) {
        backtracking(nums,0);
        return res;
    }

    private void backtracking (int[] nums, int start) {
        if (path.size() > 1) {
            res.add(new ArrayList<>(path));
        }

        int[] used = new int[201];
        for (int i = start; i < nums.length; i++) {
            if (!path.isEmpty() && nums[i] < path.get(path.size() - 1) ||
                    (used[nums[i] + 100] == 1)) continue;
            used[nums[i] + 100] = 1;
            path.add(nums[i]);
            backtracking(nums, i + 1);
            path.remove(path.size() - 1);
        }
    }
}

* 46.全排列

class Solution {

    List<List<Integer>> result = new ArrayList<>();// 存放符合条件结果的集合
    LinkedList<Integer> path = new LinkedList<>();// 用来存放符合条件结果
    boolean[] used;
    public List<List<Integer>> permute(int[] nums) {
        if (nums.length == 0){
            return result;
        }
        used = new boolean[nums.length];
        permuteHelper(nums);
        return result;
    }

    private void permuteHelper(int[] nums){
        if (path.size() == nums.length){
            result.add(new ArrayList<>(path));
            return;
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < nums.length; i++){
            if (used[i]){
                continue;
            }
            used[i] = true;
            path.add(nums[i]);
            permuteHelper(nums);
            path.removeLast();
            used[i] = false;
        }
    }
}

* 47.全排列 II

class Solution {
    //存放结果
    List<List<Integer>> result = new ArrayList<>();
    //暂存结果
    List<Integer> path = new ArrayList<>();

    public List<List<Integer>> permuteUnique(int[] nums) {
        boolean[] used = new boolean[nums.length];
        Arrays.fill(used, false);
        Arrays.sort(nums);
        backTrack(nums, used);
        return result;
    }

    private void backTrack(int[] nums, boolean[] used) {
        if (path.size() == nums.length) {
            result.add(new ArrayList<>(path));
            return;
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < nums.length; i++) {
            // used[i - 1] == true，说明同⼀树⽀nums[i - 1]使⽤过
            // used[i - 1] == false，说明同⼀树层nums[i - 1]使⽤过
            // 如果同⼀树层nums[i - 1]使⽤过则直接跳过
            if (i > 0 && nums[i] == nums[i - 1] && used[i - 1] == false) {
                continue;
            }
            //如果同⼀树⽀nums[i]没使⽤过开始处理
            if (used[i] == false) {
                used[i] = true;//标记同⼀树⽀nums[i]使⽤过，防止同一树枝重复使用
                path.add(nums[i]);
                backTrack(nums, used);
                path.remove(path.size() - 1);//回溯，说明同⼀树层nums[i]使⽤过，防止下一树层重复
                used[i] = false;//回溯
            }
        }
    }
}