在完成对C语言的学习后，我最近开始了对C++和Java的学习，目前跟着视频学习了一些语法，也跟着敲了一些代码，有了一定的掌握程度。现在将跟着视频做的笔记进行整理。本篇博客是整理C++知识点的第三十五篇博客。
本篇博客用C++实现了机房预约系统，本文是中部分。
本系列博客所有C++代码都在Visual Studio 2022环境下编译运行。程序为64位。
目录
机房预约系统
接下来用C++实现一个机房预约系统，由于内容很长，分为三篇博客。本篇博客是第二部分。
管理员子菜单搭建以及注销实现
void do_administrator(identity* person)
{
cout << "Welcome, " << person->name << " !" << endl;
administrator* adm = (administrator*)person;
while (true) {
adm->show_menu();
int choice;
cout << "Please enter your choice" << endl;
cin >> choice;
if (choice == 1) {
adm->add_account();
}
else if (choice == 2) {
adm->look_account();
}
else if (choice == 3) {
adm->look_room();
}
else if (choice == 4) {
adm->clear_record();
}
else if (choice == 0) {
delete adm;
cout << "Have logged out" << endl;
system("pause");
system("cls");
break;
}
else {
cout << "Enter error, please enter 1,2,3,4 or 0" << endl;
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
}
}
这是reservesystem.cpp中的内容。首先给出提示欢迎用户，然后将多态的指针向下转型，以调用子类的成员函数。随后进入循环，给出菜单并要求用户选择选项，每个选项进入不同的成员函数，输入0就销毁此指针并表示注销，随后退出此函数。输入其他选项就要求用户重新输入。
void administrator::show_menu()
{
cout << "****************************************" << endl;
cout << "********** 1. add account **************" << endl;
cout << "********** 2. look account *************" << endl;
cout << "********** 3. look room ****************" << endl;
cout << "********** 4. clear reservation ********" << endl;
cout << "********** 0. log out ******************" << endl;
cout << "****************************************" << endl;
}这是administrator.cpp的内容，输出菜单。
获取文件中学生和老师信息
administrator::administrator(string name, string password)
{
this->name = name;
this->password = password;
vstudent.clear();
vteacher.clear();
init_vector();
vroom.clear();
}
这是administrator类的构造函数，将传入信息进行赋值，随后将vstudent vteacher和vroom清空并获取学生和教师信息。
void administrator::init_vector(void)
{
ifstream ifs;
ifs.open(STUDENT_FILE, ios::in);
int sid;
string sname;
string spassword;
while (ifs >> sid && ifs >> sname && ifs >> spassword) {
student s(sid, sname, spassword);
this->vstudent.push_back(s);
}
ifs.close();
ifs.open(TEACHER_FILE, ios::in);
int tid;
string tname;
string tpassword;
while (ifs >> tid && ifs >> tname && ifs >> tpassword) {
teacher t(tid, tname, tpassword);
this->vteacher.push_back(t);
}
ifs.close();
}首先遍历存放学生信息的文件，将信息读取并构建一个student类对象，随后加入vstudent容器中，直至文件结束。然后遍历存放教师信息的文件，将信息读取并构建一个teacher类对象，随后加入vteacher容器中，直至文件结束。
管理员添加账号实现
void administrator::add_account(void)
{
while (true) {
int choice;
cout << "********** 1. add student **************" << endl;
cout << "********** 2. add teacher **************" << endl;
cout << "Please enter the choice" << endl;
cin >> choice;
if (choice == 1) {
ofstream ofs;
ofs.open(STUDENT_FILE, ios::in | ios::app);
int id;
while (true) {
cout << "Please enter the student's number" << endl;
cin >> id;
bool flag = check_repeat(id, 1);
if (flag == false) {
break;
}
else {
cout << "It is repeat,please enter again" << endl;
}
}
string name;
cout << "Please enter the name" << endl;
cin >> name;
string password;
cout << "Please enter the password" << endl;
cin >> password;
ofs << id << " " << name << " " << password << endl;
ofs.close();
student s(id, name, password);
vstudent.push_back(s);
cout << "Done" << endl;
system("pause");
system("cls");
break;
}
else if (choice == 2) {
ofstream ofs;
ofs.open(TEACHER_FILE, ios::in | ios::app);
int id;
while (true) {
cout << "Please enter the teacher's number" << endl;
cin >> id;
bool flag = check_repeat(id, 2);
if (flag == false) {
break;
}
else {
cout << "It is repeat,please enter again" << endl;
}
}
string name;
cout << "Please enter the name" << endl;
cin >> name;
string password;
cout << "Please enter the password" << endl;
cin >> password;
ofs << id << " " << name << " " << password << endl;
ofs.close();
teacher t(id, name, password);
vteacher.push_back(t);
cout << "Done" << endl;
system("pause");
system("cls");
break;
}
else {
cout << "Enter error" << endl;
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
}
}
首先进入一个循环，给出输入1增加学生输入2增加教师，要求用户输入，输入1和2就在完成添加功能后退出循环，否则要求用户重新输入。
如果输入1，首先要求输入学号，并用check_repeat函数检查重复（这个函数下面会放），重复就要求重新输入，不重复就可进行下面操作。然后输入学生姓名和密码，将这些信息写入存放学生信息的文件中，同时构建一个student对象并加入vstudent中。
如果输入2，首先要求输入教师编号，并用check_repeat函数检查重复（这个函数下面会放），重复就要求重新输入，不重复就可进行下面操作。然后输入教师姓名和密码，将这些信息写入存放教师信息的文件中，同时构建一个teacher对象并加入vteacher中。
bool administrator::check_repeat(int id, int type)
{
if (type == 1) {
for (vector<student>::iterator it = vstudent.begin(); it != vstudent.end(); ++it) {
if (it->id == id) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
else if (type == 2) {
for (vector<teacher>::iterator it = vteacher.begin(); it != vteacher.end(); ++it) {
if (it->id == id) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
}这是check_repeat函数，检查重复。如果是学生，就遍历vstudent，如果有学号重复就返回true，否则返回false。如果是教师，就遍历vteacher，如果有编号重复就返回true，否则返回false。
管理员查看账号实现
void administrator::look_account(void)
{
while (true) {
int choice;
cout << "********** 1. look student *************" << endl;
cout << "********** 2. look teacher *************" << endl;
cout << "Please enter the choice" << endl;
cin >> choice;
if (choice == 1) {
cout << "Here are all student's information" << endl;
for_each(vstudent.begin(), vstudent.end(), lookstudent);
break;
}
else if (choice == 2) {
cout << "Here are all teacher's information" << endl;
for_each(vteacher.begin(), vteacher.end(), lookteacher);
break;
}
else {
cout << "Please enter 1 or 2" << endl;
}
}
system("pause");
system("cls");
}首先进入一个循环，给出输入1显示学生输入2显示教师，要求用户输入，输入1和2就在完成显示功能后退出循环，否则要求用户重新输入。输入1就遍历vstudent输出学生信息，输入2就遍历vteacher输出教师信息。
void lookstudent(student s) {
cout << "The student's id is " << s.id << " and the name is " << s.name << " and the password is " << s.password << endl;
}
void lookteacher(teacher t) {
cout << "The teacher's id is " << t.id << " and the name is " << t.name << " and the password is " << t.password << endl;
}这是for_each算法用到的函数。
管理员查看机房信息实现
#pragma once
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class room
{
public:
int num;
int capacity;
};这是room类的内容，实现了room类对象。成员变量num表示编号，capacity表示容量。
void administrator::look_room(void)
{
ifstream ifs;
ifs.open(ROOM_FILE, ios::in);
int num;
int capacity;
while (ifs >> num && ifs >> capacity) {
room r;
r.num = num;
r.capacity = capacity;
vroom.push_back(r);
}
for (vector<room>::iterator it = vroom.begin(); it != vroom.end(); ++it) {
cout << "The num is " << it->num << " and the capacity is " << it->capacity << endl;
}
ifs.close();
system("pause");
system("cls");
}这是look_room函数，先从文件中获取信息并构建对象加入vroom中，随后遍历vroom输出相关信息。
管理员清空预约实现
void administrator::clear_record(void)
{
ofstream ofs(REVERSE_FILE, ios::trunc);
ofs.close();
cout << "It has been cleared" << endl;
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
进入此函数后，清空文件并提示已清空。
学生子菜单搭建以及注销实现
void do_student(identity* person)
{
cout << "Welcome " << person->name << '!' << endl;
student* stu = (student*)person;
while (true) {
stu->show_menu();
int choice;
cout << "Please enter your choice " << endl;
cin >> choice;
if (choice == 1) {
stu->make_reverse();
}
else if (choice == 2) {
stu->look_my_reverse();
}
else if (choice == 3) {
stu->look_all_reverse();
}
else if (choice == 4) {
stu->cancel_reverse();
}
else if (choice == 0) {
delete stu;
cout << "Have logged out" << endl;
system("pause");
system("cls");
break;
}
else {
cout << "Enter error, please enter 1,2,3,4 or 0" << endl;
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
}
}这是reservesystem.cpp中的内容。首先给出提示欢迎用户，然后将多态的指针向下转型，以调用子类的成员函数。随后进入循环，给出菜单并要求用户选择选项，每个选项进入不同的成员函数，输入0就销毁此指针并表示注销，随后退出此函数。输入其他选项就要求用户重新输入。
void student::show_menu(void)
{
cout << "****************************************" << endl;
cout << "********** 1. apply reservation ********" << endl;
cout << "********** 2. look my reservation ******" << endl;
cout << "********** 3. look all reservation *****" << endl;
cout << "********** 4. cancel reservation *******" << endl;
cout << "********** 0. log out ******************" << endl;
cout << "****************************************" << endl;
}这是student类的show_menu成员函数，输出菜单。
学生申请预约功能实现
student::student(int id, string name, string password)
{
this -> id = id;
this->name = name;
this->password = password;
ifstream ifs;
ifs.open(ROOM_FILE, ios::in);
int num;
int capacity;
while (ifs >> num && ifs >> capacity) {
room r;
r.num = num;
r.capacity = capacity;
vroom.push_back(r);
}
ifs.close();
}这是student类的构造函数，将传入的信息赋值，随后遍历存储机房信息的文件，获取机房信息并加入vroom。
void student::make_reverse(void){
int daychoice;
while (true) {
cout << "*The open time is from Monday to Friday*" << endl;
cout << "********** 1. Monday *******************" << endl;
cout << "********** 2. Tuesday ******************" << endl;
cout << "********** 3. Wednesday ****************" << endl;
cout << "********** 4. Thursday *****************" << endl;
cout << "********** 5. Friday *******************" << endl;
cout << "Please enter the choice" << endl;
cin >> daychoice;
if (daychoice >= 1 && daychoice <= 5) {
break;
}
else {
cout << "Please enter 1,2,3,4 or 5" << endl;
}
}
system("pause");
system("cls");
int timechoice;
while (true) {
cout << "***Please select morning or afternoon***" << endl;
cout << "********** 1. morning ******************" << endl;
cout << "********** 2. afternoon ****************" << endl;
cout << "Please enter the choice" << endl;
cin >> timechoice;
if (timechoice == 1 || timechoice == 2) {
break;
}
else {
cout << "Please enter again" << endl;
}
}
system("pause");
system("cls");
cout << "The room " << vroom[0].num << " has " << vroom[0].capacity << " seats" << endl;
cout << "The room " << vroom[1].num << " has " << vroom[1].capacity << " seats" << endl;
cout << "The room " << vroom[2].num << " has " << vroom[2].capacity << " seats" << endl;
int roomchoice;
while (true) {
cout << "Please select the room" << endl;
cin >> roomchoice;
if (roomchoice >= 1 && roomchoice <= 3) {
break;
}
else {
cout << "Please enter again" << endl;
}
}
cout << "Done,it is waiting to be audited" << endl;
ofstream ofs(REVERSE_FILE, ios::app);
ofs << "date:" << daychoice << " " << " time:" << timechoice << " " << " id:" << id << " ";
ofs << " name:" << name << " " <<" room:" << roomchoice <<" "<< " status:" << "auditing" << endl;
ofs.close();
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
首先提示用户1-5代表周一至周五，要求用户选择日期（输入错误要求重新输入）。然后提示1表示上午2表示下午，要求用户选择上午还是下午，同样输入错误要求重新输入。然后给出机房信息，要求用户选择机房，同样输入错误要求重新输入。随后完成申请的功能，提示状态是未批准，将信息写入文件中。
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