目录
实验需求:
1.双点双向重发布
2.所有路由器进行最佳选路
3.存在备份路径,不得出现环路和路由回馈
实验步骤:
1.配置IP地址
R1上:
[R1]int s4/0/0
[R1-Serial4/0/0]ip add 12.1.1.1 24
[R1-Serial4/0/0]int g0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 14.1.1.1 24
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[R1]int l0
[R1-LoopBack0]ip add 1.1.1.1 24
R2上:
[R2]int s4/0/0
[R2-Serial4/0/0]ip add 12.1.1.2 24
[R2-Serial4/0/0]int s4/0/1
[R2-Serial4/0/1]ip add 23.1.1.2 24
[R2-Serial4/0/1]int l0
[R2-LoopBack0]ip add 2.2.2.2 24
R3上:
[R3]int s4/0/0
[R3-Serial4/0/0]ip add 23.1.1.3 24
[R3-Serial4/0/0]int s4/0/1
[R3-Serial4/0/1]ip add 34.1.1.3 24
[R3-Serial4/0/1]int l0
[R3-LoopBack0]ip add 3.3.3.3 24
R4上:
[R4]int s4/0/0
[R4-Serial4/0/0]ip add 34.1.1.4 24
[R4-Serial4/0/0]int g0/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 14.1.1.4 24
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R4-LoopBack0]ip add 4.4.4.4 24
2.配置OSPF及RIP
R1上:
#rip
[R1]rip 1
[R1-rip-1]version 2
[R1-rip-1]network 14.0.0.0
[R1-rip-1]network 1.0.0.0
[R1-rip-1]network 12.0.0.0
R2上:
#rip
[R2]rip 1
[R2-rip-1]version 2
[R2-rip-1]network 12.0.0.0
[R2-rip-1]network 2.0.0.0
#ospf
[R2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[R2-ospf-1]area 0
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 23.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
R3上:
#ospf
[R3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[R3-ospf-1]area 0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 23.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 3.3.3.0 0.0.0.255
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 34.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
R4上:
#ospf、rip
[R4]ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4
[R4-ospf-1]area 0
[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 4.4.4.0 0.0.0.255
[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 34.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]rip 1
[R4-rip-1]version 2
[R4-rip-1]network 14.0.0.0
3.双点双向重发布
R2上:
#重发布
[R2-ospf-1]import-route rip 1
[R2-ospf-1]rip 1
[R2-rip-1]import-route ospf 1
R4上:
#重发布
[R4-rip-1]import-route ospf 1
[R4-rip-1]ospf 1
[R4-ospf-1]import-route rip 1
[R4]int l0
[R4-LoopBack0]ospf network-type broadcast #更改l0接口网络类型为broadcast,可以减少R1上收到通过重发布进来的掩码为32位的4.4.4.4的环回路由
4.路由策略
此时,R1、R4上均会产生选路不佳的路由,我们就需要通过路由策略来干涉选路:
R1上:
#路由策略
[R2]ip ip-prefix 1 permit 4.4.4.0 24
[R2]ip ip-prefix 2 permit 34.1.1.0 24 #抓取流量
[R2]route-policy 1 permit node 10
Info: New Sequence of this List.
[R2-route-policy]if-match ip-prefix 1 #匹配规则
[R2-route-policy]apply cost + 10 #动作
[R2-route-policy]q
[R2]route-policy 1 permit node 15
Info: New Sequence of this List.
[R2-route-policy]if-match ip-prefix 2
[R2-route-policy]apply cost + 10
[R2-route-policy]q
[R2]route-policy 1 permit node 20 #建立空表,匹配所有,不建立的话默认拒绝所有
Info: New Sequence of this List.
[R2-route-policy]q
[R2]rip 1
[R2-rip-1]import-route ospf 1 route-policy 1
路由策略的匹配规则 --- 自上而下,逐一匹配,一旦匹配上将按照该规则执行,而不再向下匹配。末尾隐含拒绝所有。
R4上:
#路由策略
[R4]ip ip-prefix 1 permit 23.1.1.0 24
[R4]route-policy 1 permit node 10
Info: New Sequence of this List.
[R4-route-policy]if-match ip-prefix 1
[R4-route-policy]apply cost + 10
[R4-route-policy]q
[R4]route-policy 1 permit node 20
Info: New Sequence of this List.
[R4-route-policy]q
[R4]rip 1
[R4-rip-1]import-route ospf 1 route-policy 1
[R4]ip ip-prefix 14 permit 14.1.1.0 24
[R4]route-policy 14 permit node 10
Info: New Sequence of this List.
[R4-route-policy]if-match ip-prefix 14
[R4-route-policy]apply cost-type type-1
[R4-route-policy]apply cost - 10
[R4-route-policy]q
[R4]route-policy 14 permit node 20
Info: New Sequence of this List.
[R4-route-policy]q
[R4]ospf 1
[R4-ospf-1]import-route rip 1 route-policy 14
5.测试
R1上:
R3上: