Datawhale202210 Wonderful sql——Task06

课程地址：​GitHub - datawhalechina/wonderful-sql: Follow me，从 0 到 1 掌握 SQL，决胜秋招。

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练习一: 各部门工资最高的员工

创建Employee 表，包含所有员工信息，每个员工有其对应的 Id, salary 和 department Id。

+----+-------+--------+--------------+
| Id | Name  | Salary | DepartmentId |
+----+-------+--------+--------------+
| 1  | Joe   | 70000  | 1            |
| 2  | Henry | 80000  | 2            |
| 3  | Sam   | 60000  | 2            |
| 4  | Max   | 90000  | 1            |
+----+-------+--------+--------------+

创建Department 表，包含公司所有部门的信息。

+----+----------+
| Id | Name     |
+----+----------+
| 1  | IT       |
| 2  | Sales    |
+----+----------+

编写一个 SQL 查询，找出每个部门工资最高的员工。例如，根据上述给定的表格，Max 在 IT 部门有最高工资，Henry 在 Sales 部门有最高工资。

+------------+----------+--------+
| Department | Employee | Salary |
+------------+----------+--------+
| IT         | Max      | 90000  |
| Sales      | Henry    | 80000  |
+------------+----------+--------+

代码如下：

-- 创建Employee表
CREATE TABLE Employee
(Id CHAR(4) NOT NULL,
 Name VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL,
Salary INTEGER,
DepartmentID INTEGER ,
PRIMARY KEY (Id));
INSERT INTO Employee VALUES('1','Joe',70000,1);
INSERT INTO Employee VALUES('2','Henry',80000,2);
INSERT INTO Employee VALUES('3','Sam',60000,2);
INSERT INTO Employee VALUES('4','Max',90000,1);

-- 创建Department表
CREATE TABLE Department
(Id CHAR(4) NOT NULL,
 Name VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (Id));
INSERT INTO Department VALUES('1','IT');
INSERT INTO Department VALUES('2','Sales');

-- 找出每个部门工资最高的员工
SELECT p2.Name AS Department,
       p1.Name AS Employee,
       MAX(p1.Salary) AS Salary
  FROM Employee AS p1
  LEFT OUTER JOIN
       Department AS p2 ON p1.departmentid = p2.id
 GROUP BY Department;

执行结果：
[创建Employee表]

[创建Department表]

[找出每个部门工资最高的员工]

练习二: 换座位

小美是一所中学的信息科技老师，她有一张 seat 座位表，平时用来储存学生名字和与他们相对应的座位 id。

其中纵列的id是连续递增的

小美想改变相邻俩学生的座位。

你能不能帮她写一个 SQL query 来输出小美想要的结果呢？

请创建如下所示seat表：

示例：

+---------+---------+
|    id   | student |
+---------+---------+
|    1    | Abbot   |
|    2    | Doris   |
|    3    | Emerson |
|    4    | Green   |
|    5    | Jeames  |
+---------+---------+

假如数据输入的是上表，则输出结果如下：

+---------+---------+
|    id   | student |
+---------+---------+
|    1    | Doris   |
|    2    | Abbot   |
|    3    | Green   |
|    4    | Emerson |
|    5    | Jeames  |
+---------+---------+

注意：
如果学生人数是奇数，则不需要改变最后一个同学的座位。

代码如下：

-- 创建seat表
CREATE TABLE seat
(id INTEGER NOT NULL,
student VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (id));
INSERT INTO seat VALUES(1,'Abbot');
INSERT INTO seat VALUES(2,'Doris');
INSERT INTO seat VALUES(3,'Emerson');
INSERT INTO seat VALUES(4,'Green');
INSERT INTO seat VALUES(5,'Jeames');

-- 换座位
SELECT (CASE WHEN MOD(id,2) = 1 AND id = (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM Seat) THEN id
             WHEN MOD(id,2) = 1 THEN id+1
        ElSE id-1 END) AS id,student
FROM seat
ORDER BY id

执行结果：

[创建seat表]

[换座位]

练习三: 分数排名

假设在某次期末考试中，二年级四个班的平均成绩分别是 93、93、93、91。

+-------+-----------+
| class | score_avg |
+-------+-----------+
|    1  |       93  |
|    2  |       93  |
|    3  |       93  |
|    4  |       91  |
+-------+-----------+

目前有如下三种排序结果，请根据查询结果书用 sql写出查询

+-------+-----------+-------+-------+-------+
| class | score_avg | rank1 | rank2 | rank3 |
+-------+-----------+-------+-------+-------+
|     1 |        93 |     1 |     1 |     1 |
|     2 |        93 |     1 |     1 |     2 |
|     3 |        93 |     1 |     1 |     3 |
|     4 |        91 |     4 |     2 |     4 |
+-------+-----------+-------+-------+-------+

创建表代码如下：

-- 创建表
CREATE TABLE score
(class INTEGER NOT NULL,
score_avg INTEGER NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (class));
INSERT INTO score VALUES(1,93);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(2,93);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(3,93);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(4,91);

执行结果：

查询代码如下：

SELECT class,score_avg,
       RANK() OVER (ORDER BY score_avg) AS RANK1,
       DENSE_RANK() OVER (ORDER BY score_avg) AS RANK2,
       ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY score_avg) AS RANK3
  FROM score;  

执行结果：