目录
1,R4为 ISP ,其上只能配置 IP 地址;R4与其他所有直连设备间均使用公有 IP
2,R3-R5/6/7为 MGRE 环境,R3为中心站点;
3,整个 OSPF 环境 IP 基于172.16.0.0/16划分;
4,所有设备均可访问R4的环回;
5,减少 LSA 的更新量,加快收敛,保障更新安全;
6,全网可达
一.IP地址的划分
因为有六个区域所以需要六个网段所以借三位,然后在每个区域内再进行IP的划分
172.16.0.0/16
172.16.0.0/19-----area 0
172.16.0.0/24---p2p
172.16.0.0/30
....
172.16.0.252/30
172.16.1.0/24---MA
172.16.1.0/29
....
172.16.1.248/29
172.16.2.0/24
172.16.3.0/24
...
172.16.31.0/24(使用/23的超过饱和值所以我们使用/24的网段)
172.16.32.0/19----area 1
172.16.32.0/24---p2p
172.16.32.0/30
....
172.16.32.252/30
172.16.33.0/24---MA
172.16.33.0/29
....
172.16.33.248/29
172.16.34.0/24
...
172.16.63.0/24
172.16.64.0/19----area 2
172.16.64.0/24---p2p
172.16.64.0/30
....
172.16.64.252/30
172.16.65.0/24---MA
172.16.65.0/29
....
172.16.65.248/29
172.16.66.0/24
...
172.16.95.0/24
172.16.96.0/19----area 3
172.16.96.0/24---p2p
172.16.96.0/30
....
172.16.96.252/30
172.16.97.0/24---MA
172.16.97.0/29
....
172.16.97.248/29
172.16.98.0/24
...
172.16.127.0/24
172.16.128.0/19----area 4
172.16.128.0/24---p2p
172.16.128.0/30
....
172.16.128.252/30
172.16.129.0/24---MA
172.16.129.0/29
....
172.16.129.248/29
172.16.130.0/24
...
172.16.159.0/24
172.16.160.0/19-----rip
172.16.160.0/24---p2p
172.16.160.0/30
....
172.16.160.252/30
172.16.161.0/24---MA
172.16.161.0/29
....
172.16.161.248/29
172.16.162.0/24
...
172.16.191.0/24
剩下两条留下备用
172.16.192.0/19
172.16.224.0/24
二.ip地址的配置
首先进行对公网ip地址的配置
r3:
[r3]int s4/0/0
[r3-Serial4/0/0]ip add 34.0.0.1 24
[r3-Serial4/0/0]int g0/0/3
r5:
[r5]int s4/0/0
[r5-Serial4/0/0]ip add 45.0.0.1 24
r6:
[r6]int s4/0/0
[r6-Serial4/0/0]ip add 46.0.0.1 24
r7:
[r7]int g0/0/0
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 47.0.0.1 24
isp:
[isp]int s4/0/0
[isp-Serial4/0/0]ip add 34.0.0.2 24
[isp-Serial4/0/0]int s4/0/1
[isp-Serial4/0/1]ip add 45.0.0.2 24
[isp-Serial4/0/1]int s3/0/0
[isp-Serial3/0/0]ip add 46.0.0.2 24
[isp-Serial3/0/0]int g0/0/0
[isp-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 47.0.0.2 24
[isp-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[isp-LoopBack0]ip add 4.4.4.4 24
想要把公网做通每台设备都要有个缺省指向公网
[r3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 34.0.0.2
[r5]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 45.0.0.2
[r6]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 46.0.0.2
[r7]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 47.0.0.2
area 0:
r3:
[r3]int t0/0/0
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 172.16.1.1 29
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]source 34.0.0.1
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry multicast dynamic
r5:
[r5]int t0/0/0
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]ip ADD 172.16.1.2 29
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]source Serial 4/0/0
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.1.1 34.0.0.1 register
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]int l0
[r5-LoopBack0]ip ADD 172.16.2.1 24
r6:
[r6]int t0/0/0
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 172.16.1.3 29
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]source s4/0/0
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.1.1 34.0.0.1 register
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]int l0
[r6-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.3.1 24
r7:
[r7]int t0/0/0
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 172.16.1.4 29
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]source g0/0/0
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.1.1 34.0.0.1 register
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]int l0
[r7-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.4.1 24
area 1:
r1:
[r1]int g0/0/0
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.33.1 29
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[r1-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.34.1 24
r2:
[r2]int g0/0/0
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.33.2 29
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[r2-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.35.1 24
r3:
[r3]int g0/0/0
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.33.3 29
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[r3-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.36.1 24
area 2:
r6:
[r6]int g0/0/0
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.65.1 29
r11:
[r11]int g0/0/0
[r11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.65.2 29
[r11]int g0/0/1
[r11-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.65.9 29
[r11-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[r11-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.66.1 24
r12:
[r12]int g0/0/0
[r12-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.65.10 29
rip:
r12:
[r12]int l0
[r12-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.160.1 20
[r12-LoopBack0]int l1
[r12-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.176.1 20
area 3:
r7:
[r7]int g0/0/1
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.97.1 29
r8:
[r8]int g0/0/0
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.97.2 29
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.97.9 29
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[r8-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.98.1 24
r9:
[r9]int g0/0/0
[r9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.97.10 29
area 4:
r9:
[r9]int g0/0/1
[r9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.129.1 29
[r9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[r9-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.130.1 24
r10:
[r10]int g0/0/0
[r10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.129.2 29
[r10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[r10-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.131.1 24
检查一下配置是否有遗漏
二.路由配置
ospf
r1:
[r1]ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1
[r1-ospf-1]a 1
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
r2:
[r2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[r2-ospf-1]a 1
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
r3:
[r3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[r3-ospf-1]a 1
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.32.0 0.0.7.255
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]a 0
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.1.1 0.0.0.0
r5:
[r5]ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5
[r5-ospf-1]a 0
[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
r6:
[r6]ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6
[r6-ospf-1]a 0
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.3.255
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]a 2
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.65.1 0.0.0.0
r7;
[r7]ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7
[r7-ospf-1]a 0
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.7.255
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]a 3
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.97.1 0.0.0.0
r8:
[r8]ospf 1 router-id 8.8.8.8
[r8-ospf-1]a 3
[r8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
r9:
[r9]ospf 1 router-id 9.9.9.9
[r9-ospf-1]a 3
[r9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.97.10 0.0.0.0
[r9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]a 4
[r9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.128.0 0.0.3.255
r10:
[r10]ospf 1 router-id 10.10.10.10
[r10-ospf-1]a 4
[r10-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
r11:
[r11]ospf 1 router-id 11.11.11.11
[r11-ospf-1]a 2
[r11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
r12:
[r12]ospf 1 router-id 12.12.12.12
[r12-ospf-1]a 2
[r12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.65.10 0.0.0.0
rip
[r12]rip
[r12-rip-1]v 2
[r12-rip-1]net
[r12-rip-1]network 172.16.0.0
因为Tunnel隧道默认是P2P接口模式,P2P接口模式特点只能建立一个邻居因为在此实验中我们需要建立四个邻居所以我们将Tunnel隧道P2P接口模式修改为p2mp接口模式
r3:
[r3]int t0/0/0
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type p2mp
r5:
[r5]int t0/0/0
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type p2mp
r6:
[r6]int t0/0/0
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type p2mp
r7:
[r7]int t0/0/0
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type p2mp
在r5上看area 0上路由获取情况
缺少area 4和rip的路由信息,获取rip的我们需要在r12上进行重发布,获取area 4我们需要进行双向重发布需要将r9作为ASBR因为前面我们将area 3和area 4宣告在同一个进程内现在我们需要将其分开
[r12]ospf
[r12-ospf-1]import-route rip 1
[r9]ospf
[r9-ospf-1]a 4
[r9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]undo network 172.16.128.0 0.0.3.255
[r9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]q
[r9-ospf-1]undo a 4
[r9-ospf-1]q
[r9]ospf 2 router-id 9.9.9.9
[r9-ospf-2]a 4
[r9-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.128.0 0.0.3.255
[r9-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]q
[r9-ospf-2]q
[r9]ospf 1
[r9-ospf-1]import-route ospf 2
[r9-ospf-1]qu
所有区域的路由都已经有了, 子网内部也已经全通了。
做缺省,全网也通了
[r10]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 172.16.129.1
三.优化
1.汇总
区域之间的汇总
r3:
[r3]ospf
[r3-ospf-1]a 1
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]abr-summary 172.16.32.0 255.255.224.0
r6:
[r6]ospf
[r6-ospf-1]a 2
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]abr-summary 172.16.64.0 255.255.224.0
r7:
[r7]ospf
[r7-ospf-1]a 3
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]abr-summary 172.16.96.0 255.255.224.0
域外的汇总
r9:
[r9]ospf
[r9-ospf-1]asbr-summary 172.16.128.0 255.255.224.0
r12:
[r12]ospf
[r12-ospf-1]asbr-summary 172.16.160.0 255.255.224.0
查看效果
2.特殊区域
area 0可做完全末梢区域
r1:
[r1]ospf
[r1-ospf-1]a 1
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub
r2:
[r2]ospf
[r2-ospf-1]a 1
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub
r3:
[r3]ospf
[r3-ospf-1]a 1
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub no-summary
area 2可做nssa区域
r6:
[r6]ospf
[r6-ospf-1]a 2
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa no-summary
r11:
[r11]ospf
[r11-ospf-1]a 2
[r11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa
r12:
[r12]ospf
[r12-ospf-1]a 2
[r12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa
area 3可作为nssa区域
r7:
[r7]ospf
[r7-ospf-1]a 3
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa no-summary
r8:
[r8]ospf
[r8-ospf-1]a 3
[r8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa
r9:
[r9]ospf
[r9-ospf-1]a 3
[r9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa
查看效果
此时达到最完美的ospf网络
加快收敛
r3:
[r3]int t0/0/0
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello ?
INTEGER<1-65535> Second(s)
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 10
r5:
[r5]int t0/0/0
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello ?
INTEGER<1-65535> Second(s)
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 10
r6:
[r6]int t0/0/0
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello ?
INTEGER<1-65535> Second(s)
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 10
r7:
[r7]int t0/0/0
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello ?
INTEGER<1-65535> Second(s)
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 10
保证更新安全
做区域认证
[r1]ospf
[r1-ospf-1]a 1
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456
[r2]ospf
[r2-ospf-1]a 1
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456
[r3]ospf
[r3-ospf-1]a 1
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456
现在area 1认证已经做好其他区域同理
防环
[r3]ip route-static 172.16.32.0 19 NULL 0
[r6]ip route-static 172.16.64.0 19 NULL 0
[r7]IP route-static 172.16.96.0 19 NULL 0
[r9]ip route-static 172.16.128.0 19 NULL 0
[r12]ip route-static 172.16.160.0 19 NULL 0
NAT配置
r3:
[r3]acl 2000
[r3-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r3-acl-basic-2000]q
[r3]int s4/0/0
[r3-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000
r6:
[r6]acl 2000
[r6-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r6-acl-basic-2000]q
[r6]int s4/0/0
[r6-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000
r7:
[r7]acl 2000
[r7-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r7-acl-basic-2000]q
[r7]int g0/0/0
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]nat outbound 2000
此时全网可达
所有设备均可访问R4的环回