MGRE环境下的OSPF实验

文章描述了一个网络配置场景,包括R1-R6路由器的IP配置,R1/4/5之间的全连接MGRE结构,R1/2/3的星型拓扑以及所有私有网段间的OSPF通信。R1作为中心站点,各节点通过GRE隧道和OSPF协议实现互通。
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1,R6为 ISP 只能配置 IP 地址,R1-R5的环回为私有网段
2,R1/4/5为全连的 MGRE 结构,R1/2/3为星型的拓扑结构,R1为中心站点
3,所有私有网段可以互相通讯,私有网段使用 OSPF 完成。 

一.IP的配置

对r1-r6进行IP的配置

r1:
[r1]int g0/0/0
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 16.0.0.1 24
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 76.0.0.1 24
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0	
[r1-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.1 24
[r1-LoopBack0]q
r2:
[r2]int g0/0/0
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 26.0.0.1 24
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[r2-LoopBack0]ip add 192.168.2.1 24
r3:
[r3]int g0/0/0
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 36.0.0.1 24
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[r3-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.3.1 24
r4:
[r4]int g0/0/0
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 46.0.0.1 24
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0	
[r4-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.4.1 24
r5:
[r5]int g0/0/0
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 56.0.0.1 24
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0	
[r5-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.5.1 24
r6:
[r6]int g0/0/0
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 16.0.0.2 24 
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 76.0.0.2 24 
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 56.0.0.2 24
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int g2/0/0
[r6-GigabitEthernet2/0/0]ip add 26.0.0.2 24
[r6-GigabitEthernet2/0/0]int g3/0/0
[r6-GigabitEthernet3/0/0]ip add 36.0.0.2 24
[r6-GigabitEthernet3/0/0]int g4/0/0
[r6-GigabitEthernet4/0/0]ip add 46.0.0.2 24

在R1-R5到上配置缺省

[r1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 16.0.0.2
[r1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 76.0.0.2
[r2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 26.0.0.2
[r3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 36.0.0.2
[r4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 46.0.0.2
[r5]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 56.0.0.2

二.R1/4/5为全连的 MGRE 结构

r1:
[r1]int t 0/0/0
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 192.168.6.1 24
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]source 16.0.0.1
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry multicast dynamic
r4:
[r4]int t 0/0/0
[r4-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 192.168.6.2 24
[r4-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[r4-Tunnel0/0/0]source 46.0.0.1
[r4-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[r4-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry multicast dynamic
r5:
[r5]int t 0/0/0
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 192.168.6.3 24
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]source 56.0.0.1
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry multicast dynamic

然后互相注册对方的 tunnel的地址

[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 192.168.6.2 46.0.0.1 register
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 192.168.6.3 56.0.0.1 register
[r4-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 192.168.6.1 16.0.0.1 register
[r4-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 192.168.6.3 56.0.0.1 register
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 192.168.6.1 16.0.0.1 register
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 192.168.6.2 46.0.0.2 register

 三.R1/2/3为星型的拓扑结构,R1为中心站点

[r1]int t 0/0/1
[r1-Tunnel0/0/1]ip add 192.168.7.1 24
[r1-Tunnel0/0/1]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[r1-Tunnel0/0/1]source 116.0.0.1
[r1-Tunnel0/0/1]nhrp network-id 110
[r1-Tunnel0/0/1]nhrp entry multicast dynamic
[r2]int t 0/0/0
[r2-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 192.168.7.2 24
[r2-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[r2-Tunnel0/0/0]source GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[r2-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 110
[r2-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 192.168.7.1 76.0.0.1 register
[r3]int t 0/0/0
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 192.168.7.3 24
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]source GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 110
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 192.168.7.1 76.0.0.1 register

四.私有网段使用 OSPF 完成

[r1]ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1	
[r1-ospf-1]area 0
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.6.0 0.0.0.255
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.7.0 0.0.0.255
[r2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[r2-ospf-1]area 0	
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.7.0 0.0.0.255
[r3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[r3-ospf-1]area 0
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.3.0 0.0.0.255
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.7.0 0.0.0.255
[r4]ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4	
[r4-ospf-1]area 0
[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]ne	
[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.4.0 0.0.0.255
[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.6.0 0.0.0.255
[r5]ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5
[r5-ospf-1]a	
[r5-ospf-1]area 0
[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]ne	
[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.5.0 0.0.0.255
[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.6.0 0.0.0.255

修改r1-r5的接口为broadcast 

[r1]int t0/0/0
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast
[r1]int t0/0/1
[r1-Tunnel0/0/1]ospf network-type broadcast
[r2]int t0/0/0
[r2-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast
[r3]int t0/0/0
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast
[r4]int t0/0/0
[r4-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast
[r5]int t0/0/0
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast

设置优先级

[r1-Tunnel0/0/1]ospf dr-priority 10

HCIP实验中的OSPF是指Open Shortest Path First,是一种内部网关协议(IGP),用于在自治系统(AS)内部进行路由选择。在HCIP实验中,OSPF的配置包括实验拓扑、子网划分、基本配置、MGRE环境配置、OSPF配置、路由汇总、特殊区域和NAT配置等。\[1\] 在实验中,可以使用OSPF多进程重发布的方式解决重发布问题。例如,在非骨干区域a4中,可以使用OSPF进程1和进程2进行重发布。R9的配置示例为: ospf 1 router-id 9.9.9.9 import-route ospf 2 area 0.0.0.3 network 172.16.136.2 0.0.0.0 ospf 2 router-id 9.9.9.9 asbr-summary 172.16.160.0 255.255.224.0 import-route ospf 1 area 0.0.0.4 network 172.16.160.1 0.0.0.0 network 172.16.168.1 0.0.0.0 \[2\] 另外,实验中还涉及到AREA2/3的完全NSSA配置。例如,在AREA2中,R6、R11和R12的配置示例为: R6: ospf 1 area 2 nssa no-summary R11: ospf 1 area 2 nssa R12: ospf 1 area 2 nssa \[3\] 此外,实验中还包括NAT配置。例如,R3、R6和R7的NAT配置示例为: R3: acl 2000 rule 5 permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255 int s3/0/0 nat outbound 2000 R6: acl 2000 rule 5 permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255 int s4/0/0 nat outbound 2000 R7: acl 2000 rule 5 permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255 int s4/0/1 nat outbound 2000 \[3\] 以上是关于HCIP实验OSPF的一些配置示例。 #### 引用[.reference_title] - *1* *2* *3* [HCIP——OSPF综合大实验](https://blog.csdn.net/After_GlowX/article/details/118708375)[target="_blank" data-report-click={"spm":"1018.2226.3001.9630","extra":{"utm_source":"vip_chatgpt_common_search_pc_result","utm_medium":"distribute.pc_search_result.none-task-cask-2~all~insert_cask~default-1-null.142^v91^insert_down28v1,239^v3^insert_chatgpt"}} ] [.reference_item] [ .reference_list ]
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